動(dòng)詞ing形式做主語和賓語（課堂PPT）

1、1Have you ever seen these signs?parking, spitting, littering, smoking-ing forms2The ing form as the Subject and ObjectUnit 2 3 主動(dòng)形式主動(dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式一般式一般式doingdoingbeing donebeing done完成式完成式having donehaving donehaving been having been donedone4 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語表示形式作主語表示抽象的抽象的或或泛指的泛指的動(dòng)作動(dòng)作, 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：

2、。如： Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language. To read aloud will help you improve your English. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語形式作主語 5Ing做主語和動(dòng)詞不定時(shí)做主語和動(dòng)詞不定時(shí)做主語有什么不同？做主語有什么不同？動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞常常表示常常表示泛指泛指的動(dòng)作，的動(dòng)作，而不定式通常指而不定式通常指具體具體的動(dòng)作的動(dòng)作。6 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語表示形式作主語表示抽象的抽象的或或泛指的泛指的動(dòng)作動(dòng)作, 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：。如： Rea

3、ding aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language. To read aloud will help you improve your English. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語形式作主語 7作主語作主語1 1. .名詞作主語時(shí)，句子有三種形式：名詞作主語時(shí)，句子有三種形式：動(dòng)名詞直接置于句首主語的位置上。動(dòng)名詞直接置于句首主語的位置上。1) 捉弄?jiǎng)e人是我們?nèi)f萬不能干的捉弄?jiǎng)e人是我們?nèi)f萬不能干的._ is something we should never do2)學(xué)習(xí)新單詞對我來說非常重要。學(xué)習(xí)新單詞對我來說非常重

4、要。 _ is very important for me3)說比做容易。說比做容易。_ is easier than doing.Playing tricks on othersLearning new wordsTalking8 用形式主語用形式主語it，把真正的主語，把真正的主語動(dòng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)移置動(dòng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)移置句尾。但這種句子形式有一定的限制，作表語的只能句尾。但這種句子形式有一定的限制，作表語的只能是某些形容詞或少數(shù)名詞，如是某些形容詞或少數(shù)名詞，如 no use, no good, fun, hard work, a hard / difficult job, a waste of ti

5、me等等; 形容詞有形容詞有: dangerous, worthwhile, useless等。等。 如：如： Its no use sweeping tears. It was a waste of time doing such a thing. Exer. P13_作主語作主語9歸納歸納: 常用常用-ing形式作主語的句型有：形式作主語的句型有：It +be +a waste of time doing 做做是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間的是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間的It is/was no good/use doing 做做是沒用處的是沒用處的It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做

6、做不值得不值得It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做做是值得的是值得的10在在there be+no +v-ing結(jié)構(gòu)中作主語，結(jié)構(gòu)中作主語，=“It is impossible to do ”表示表示“沒沒法法不允許不允許.”。 如：如：1) There is no hiding of evil but not to do it 若要人不知，除非己莫為。若要人不知，除非己莫為。2)這種事開不得玩笑。這種事開不得玩笑。 There is _ about such matter.3)無法知道他什么時(shí)候離開。無法知道他什么時(shí)候離開。 There was _ when

7、he would leave. 作主語作主語no jokingno knowing11There is no doing 無法無法; 不允許不允許 There is no sense in doing 做做沒有道理沒有道理 There is/was no use doing 干干無意義無意義 There is/was nothing worse than doing 沒有比沒有比更糟的更糟的 There is/was no point doing 干干無意義無意義 我們不知道要去哪兒。我們不知道要去哪兒。 There was no knowing where we would go. 做這件傻

8、事毫無意義。做這件傻事毫無意義。 There is no point doing such a silly thing.12注意注意: There is no need to do sth 干干沒必要沒必要, 在此句式中在此句式中to do不可換為不可換為doing.沒有必要告訴她。沒有必要告訴她。There is no need to tell her. 13 1. 有些動(dòng)詞有些動(dòng)詞和短語和短語等后能接動(dòng)詞等后能接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作形式作賓語，而不能接動(dòng)詞不定式。如：賓語，而不能接動(dòng)詞不定式。如：Were considering _ (pay) a visit to the Science

9、Museum. Im fond of _ (collect) stamps and coins.動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語形式作賓語payingcollecting14考慮建議盼原諒，考慮建議盼原諒，承認(rèn)推遲沒得想，承認(rèn)推遲沒得想，避免錯(cuò)過繼續(xù)練，避免錯(cuò)過繼續(xù)練，否認(rèn)完成停能賞，否認(rèn)完成停能賞，不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡，不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡，不準(zhǔn)冒險(xiǎn)憑想象。不準(zhǔn)冒險(xiǎn)憑想象。常跟動(dòng)詞常跟動(dòng)詞ing作賓語的動(dòng)詞歌訣作賓語的動(dòng)詞歌訣:consider, suggest / advise ,look forward to ,excuse ,pardon admit, delay / put off , fancy a

10、void , miss ,keep /keep on , practise deny , finish , stop ,enjoy / appreciate cant help , mind , allow/ permit ,escape forbid , risk , imagine15這類動(dòng)詞還有這類動(dòng)詞還有: give up, insist on, mention, feel like, prefer doing to doing , end up, be busy (in) , prevent/stop/keep fromprotect/preserve from.pay attent

11、ion to, be accustomed to , be used to doing , get down to ,stick to , lead to , object to 等。等。16我們必須設(shè)法避免犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。我們必須設(shè)法避免犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。 We must try to avoid _the same mistake晚飯后你想和我一起散步嗎晚飯后你想和我一起散步嗎?Do you feel like _a walk with me after supper? 人們?nèi)滩蛔〕靶δ莻€(gè)愚蠢的人。人們?nèi)滩蛔〕靶δ莻€(gè)愚蠢的人。People couldnt help_ that foolish m

12、an repeatinghavinglaughing17 注：注： need, require, want作作“需要需要”解時(shí)解時(shí), 后接動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語形式作賓語, 主動(dòng)形式表示被主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義動(dòng)意義, 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于to be done。The radio needs / requires / wants _（repair）. repairing / to be repaired182. 既可接既可接動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞又又可接不定式可接不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞, 常見的有常見的有: begin, start, continue, like, love, prefer, b

13、y, mean, forget，remember, hate等。等。 like, love, hate, prefer 用用-ing或不定式意義上沒有什么不同或不定式意義上沒有什么不同, 動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞表示泛指的動(dòng)作表示泛指的動(dòng)作, 不定式不定式表示具體的一次性動(dòng)作。表示具體的一次性動(dòng)作。B. 在在begin/start, continue之后之后, 用動(dòng)名詞和用動(dòng)名詞和不定式不定式, 意義無甚區(qū)別意義無甚區(qū)別.C. 在動(dòng)詞在動(dòng)詞forget, remember, regret之后意義不同之后意義不同19不要忘了給你母親寫信。不要忘了給你母親寫信。 Dont forget to write to

14、 your mother我真后悔沒趕上那次報(bào)告會(huì)。我真后悔沒趕上那次報(bào)告會(huì)。I regret missing the report我遺憾地告訴你我不能接受你的建議。我遺憾地告訴你我不能接受你的建議。 I regret to say I cant take your advice20go on doinggo on to domean doing mean to dostop doing stop to do 做某事做某事繼續(xù)做原來做的事繼續(xù)做原來做的事接著做另一件事接著做另一件事 意味著要做某事意味著要做某事想要做某事想要做某事 停止做某事停止做某事停下來停下來(別的事別的事)開始開始21tr

15、y doing 試著做某事試著做某事try to do 努力做某事努力做某事be used to doing 習(xí)慣于做某事習(xí)慣于做某事 be used to do 被用來做某事被用來做某事cant help doing 禁不住做某事禁不住做某事cant help to do 不能幫助做某事不能幫助做某事22V-ing 形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)Do you mind my coming late for the film?Marys being late for class made her teacher angry.me coming late for the film?物主代詞與名詞所有格與物主代詞

16、與名詞所有格與V-ing構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系 形容詞性物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞+doing 名詞名詞s + doing代詞賓格代詞賓格+doing名詞名詞+doing作主語、賓語作主語、賓語作賓語作賓語23_made him very upset.His losing bike B. Toms losing bikeC. Him losing bike D. Tom losing bike 24 注：注： 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式的否定形式是在其前面形式的否定形式是在其前面加加not，帶有邏輯主語時(shí)，帶有邏輯主語時(shí)not應(yīng)在動(dòng)詞應(yīng)在動(dòng)詞-ing形式之前形式之前。如：。如：_(沒

17、有刷牙沒有刷牙)made her smell bad.Your schoolmates _(沒有按時(shí)回沒有按時(shí)回家家)made her parents worried.Not cleaning her teethnot coming home in time25Bill suggested _ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation. A. having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold26 2.The woman found it no good _ her dau

18、ghter too much money. A. giving B. being given C. given D. gave3. _ made the student _ interest in his studies. A. Being punished; to lose B. Punished; lose C. Being punished; lose D. Having been punished; lost274. Our English teacher suggested we practise _ English every day. A. to speak B. speak C. speaking D. spoke5. I really cant understand _ her like that. A. you treat B. you to treat C. why treat D. you treating286. _ the homework made his father lose his temper.