汽車?yán)碚撜n后作業(yè)matlab編程詳解帶注釋

1、1.3matlab程序：（1）%驅(qū)動力-行駛阻力平衡圖%貨車相關(guān)參數(shù)。 m=3880;g=9.8;nmin=600;nmax=4000;G=m*g;ig=5.56 2.769 1.644 1.00 0.793;y=0.85;r=0.367;f=0.013;CdA=2.77;i0=5.83;L=3.2;a=1.947;hg=0.9;If=0.218;Iw1=1.798;Iw2=3.598;n=600:10:4000; %發(fā)動機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換成汽車行駛速度。ua1=0.377*r*n/ig(1)/i0;ua2=0.377*r*n/ig(2)/i0;ua3=0.377*r*n/ig(3)/i0;ua4=0

2、.377*r*n/ig(4)/i0;ua5=0.377*r*n/ig(5)/i0; %計(jì)算各檔位驅(qū)動力。Tq=-19.313+295.27*(n/1000)-165.44*(n/1000).2+40.874*(n/1000).3-3.8445*(n/1000).4;Ft1=Tq*ig(1)*i0*y/r;Ft2=Tq*ig(2)*i0*y/r;Ft3=Tq*ig(3)*i0*y/r;Ft4=Tq*ig(4)*i0*y/r;Ft5=Tq*ig(5)*i0*y/r; %計(jì)算行駛阻力。Fz1=m*g*f+2.77*ua1.2/21.15; Fz2=m*g*f+2.77*ua2.2/21.15;Fz3

3、=m*g*f+2.77*ua3.2/21.15;Fz4=m*g*f+2.77*ua4.2/21.15;Fz5=m*g*f+2.77*ua5.2/21.15; %驅(qū)動力-行駛阻力平衡圖。plot(ua1,Ft1,ua2,Ft2,ua3,Ft3,ua4,Ft4,ua5,Ft5,ua1,Fz1,'k',ua2,Fz2,'k',ua3,Fz3,'k',ua4,Fz4,'k',ua5,Fz5,'k');title('驅(qū)動力-行駛阻力平衡圖'); xlabel('ua(km/s)');ylabe

4、l('Ft(N)');legend('Ft1','Ft2','Ft3','Ft4','Ft5','Ff+Fw') %求最高車速。x,y=ginput(1);disp(汽車最高車速=');disp(x);disp('km/h');（2）%汽車最大爬坡度 clearclc%汽車相關(guān)參數(shù)。m=3880;g=9.8;nmin=600;nmax=4000;G=m*g;ig=5.56 2.769 1.644 1.00 0.793;y=0.85;r=0.367;f=0.01

5、3;CdA=2.77;i0=5.83;L=3.2;a=1.947;hg=0.9;If=0.218;Iw1=1.798;Iw2=3.598;n=600:10:4000;Tq=-19.313+295.27*(n/1000)-165.44*(n/1000).2+40.874*(n/1000).3-3.8445*(n/1000).4;Ft1=Tq*ig(1)*i0*y/r; %一檔時(shí)爬坡能力最強(qiáng)。ua1=0.377*r*n/ig(1)/i0;Ff=G*f; %滾動阻力。Fw1=CdA*ua1.2/21.15; %空氣阻力。Fz1=Ff+Fw1;Fi1=Ft1-Fz1;Fmax=max(Fi1/G);i

6、max=100*tan(asin(Fmax);disp('汽車最大爬坡度=');disp(imax),disp('%');（3）%求汽車加速度倒數(shù)曲線和最大爬坡度顯得附著率。 clearclcm=3880; %汽車相關(guān)參數(shù)。g=9.8;nmin=600;nmax=4000;G=m*g;ig=5.56 2.769 1.644 1.00 0.793;y=0.85;r=0.367;f=0.013;CdA=2.77;i0=5.83;L=3.2;a=1.947;hg=0.9;If=0.218;Iw1=1.798;Iw2=3.598; n=600:10:4000; %發(fā)動機(jī)

7、轉(zhuǎn)速范圍。Tq=-19.313+295.27*(n/1000)-165.44*(n/1000).2+40.874*(n/1000).3-3.8445*(n/1000).4; Ft1=Tq*ig(1)*i0*y/r; %各檔位下的驅(qū)動力。Ft2=Tq*ig(2)*i0*y/r;Ft3=Tq*ig(3)*i0*y/r;Ft4=Tq*ig(4)*i0*y/r;Ft5=Tq*ig(5)*i0*y/r; ua1=0.377*r*n/ig(1)/i0; %各檔位下的車速。ua2=0.377*r*n/ig(2)/i0;ua3=0.377*r*n/ig(3)/i0;ua4=0.377*r*n/ig(4)/i0

8、;ua5=0.377*r*n/ig(5)/i0; Fw1=CdA*ua1.2/21.15; %空氣阻力。Fw2=CdA*ua2.2/21.15;Fw3=CdA*ua3.2/21.15;Fw4=CdA*ua4.2/21.15;Fw5=CdA*ua5.2/21.15; Ff=G*f; %滾動阻力。 q1=1+(Iw1+Iw2)/(m*r2)+(If*ig(1)2*i02*y)/(m*r2); %求各檔位下的汽車旋轉(zhuǎn)質(zhì)量換算系數(shù)。q2=1+(Iw1+Iw2)/(m*r2)+(If*ig(2)2*i02*y)/(m*r2);q3=1+(Iw1+Iw2)/(m*r2)+(If*ig(3)2*i02*y)

9、/(m*r2);q4=1+(Iw1+Iw2)/(m*r2)+(If*ig(4)2*i02*y)/(m*r2);q5=1+(Iw1+Iw2)/(m*r2)+(If*ig(5)2*i02*y)/(m*r2); a1=(Ft1-Ff-Fw1)/(q1*m); %求出汽車加速度。a2=(Ft2-Ff-Fw2)/(q2*m);a3=(Ft3-Ff-Fw3)/(q3*m);a4=(Ft4-Ff-Fw4)/(q4*m);a5=(Ft5-Ff-Fw5)/(q5*m); ad1=1./a1; ;%求加速度倒數(shù)。ad2=1./a2;ad3=1./a3;ad4=1./a4;ad5=1./a5; plot(ua1,a

10、d1,ua2,ad2,ua3,ad3,ua4,ad4,ua5,ad5); %繪制加速度倒數(shù)曲線。axis(0 100 0 10);title('汽車的加速度倒數(shù)曲線');xlabel('ua(km/h)');ylabel('1/a');legend('ad1','ad2','ad3','ad4','ad5') %求最大爬坡度時(shí)的附著率。Fz=Ft1-Ff-Fw1;aa=asin(max(Fz)/G); %最大爬坡角度。C=tan(aa)/(a/L+hg*tan(aa)

11、/L); %附著率。disp('假設(shè)后輪驅(qū)動，最大爬坡度相應(yīng)的附著率=);disp(C);（4）%求汽車2檔原地起步換擋加速行駛至70km/h的加速時(shí)間clearnT=0.85;r=0.367;f=0.013;CDA=2.77;i0=5.83;If=0.218;Iw1=1.798;Iw2=3.598;L=3.2;a=1.947;hg=0.9;m=3880;g=9.8;ig=5.56 2.769 1.644 1.00 0.793;G=m*g;nmin=600;nmax=4000;u1=0.377*r*nmin./ig/i0;u2=0.377*r*nmax./ig/i0;deta=0*ig

12、;for i=1:5 deta(i)=1+(Iw1+Iw2)/(m*r2)+(If*(ig(i)2*i02*nT)/(m*r2);endua=6:0.01:99;N=length(ua);n=0;Tq=0;Ft=0;inv_a=0*ua;delta=0*ua;Ff=G*f;Fw=CDA*ua.2/21.15;for i=1:N k=i; if ua(i)<=u2(2) n=ua(i)*(ig(2)*i0/r)/0.377; Tq=-19.313+295.27*(n/1000)-165.44*(n/1000)2+40.874*(n/1000)3-3.8445*(n/1000)4; Ft=T

13、q*ig(2)*i0*nT/r; inv_a(i)=(deta(2)*m)/(Ft-Ff-Fw(i); delta(i)=0.01*inv_a(i)/3.6; elseif ua(i)<=u2(3) n=ua(i)*(ig(3)*i0/r)/0.377; Tq=-19.313+295.27*(n/1000)-165.44*(n/1000)2+40.874*(n/1000)3-3.8445*(n/1000)4; Ft=Tq*ig(3)*i0*nT/r; inv_a(i)=(deta(3)*m)/(Ft-Ff-Fw(i); delta(i)=0.01*inv_a(i)/3.6; elseif

14、 ua(i)<=u2(4) n=ua(i)*(ig(4)*i0/r)/0.377; Tq=-19.313+295.27*(n/1000)-165.44*(n/1000)2+40.874*(n/1000)3-3.8445*(n/1000)4; Ft=Tq*ig(4)*i0*nT/r; inv_a(i)=(deta(4)*m)/(Ft-Ff-Fw(i); delta(i)=0.01*inv_a(i)/3.6; else n=ua(i)*(ig(5)*i0/r)/0.377; Tq=-19.313+295.27*(n/1000)-165.44*(n/1000)2+40.874*(n/1000)

15、3-3.8445*(n/1000)4; Ft=Tq*ig(5)*i0*nT/r; inv_a(i)=(deta(5)*m)/(Ft-Ff-Fw(i); delta(i)=0.01*inv_a(i)/3.6; end a=delta(1:k); t(i)=sum(a);endplot(t,ua);axis(0 80 0 100);title('汽車2檔原地起步換擋加速時(shí)間曲線');xlabel('時(shí)間t（s）');ylabel('速度ua（km/h）');2.7matlab程序：（1）%繪制汽車功率平衡圖。 clear %汽車參數(shù)。ig=5.56

16、2.769 1.644 1.00 0.793;y=0.85;r=0.367;f=0.013;CdA=2.77;i0=5.83;L=3.2;a=1.947;hg=0.9;If=0.218;Iw1=1.798;Iw2=3.598;m=3880;g=9.8;G=m*g; n=600:10:4000;Tq=-19.313+295.27*(n/1000)-165.44*(n/1000).2+40.874*(n/1000).3-3.8445*(n/1000).4; ua1=0.377*r*n/ig(1)/i0; %各檔位下的車速。ua2=0.377*r*n/ig(2)/i0;ua3=0.377*r*n/i

17、g(3)/i0;ua4=0.377*r*n/ig(4)/i0;ua5=0.377*r*n/ig(5)/i0; P1=Tq.*ig(1)*i0.*ua1./(3600*r); %各檔位下發(fā)動機(jī)的輸出功率。P2=Tq.*ig(2)*i0.*ua2./(3600*r);P3=Tq.*ig(3)*i0.*ua3./(3600*r);P4=Tq.*ig(4)*i0.*ua4./(3600*r);P5=Tq.*ig(5)*i0.*ua5./(3600*r); ua=0:0.2:120;Ff=G*f;Fw=CdA*ua.2/21.15;Pf=Ff*ua/3600; %克服滾動阻力的功率Pw=Fw.*ua/3

18、600; %克服空氣阻力的功率。P6=(Pf+Pw)./y; plot(ua1,P1,ua2,P2,ua3,P3,ua4,P4,ua5,P5,ua,P6); %繪制汽車功率平衡圖。axis(0 120 0 100);title('汽車功率平衡圖');xlabel('ua(km/h)');ylabel('Pe(kw)');legend('Pe1','Pe2','Pe3','Pe4','Pe5','P(Ff+Fw)')（2）%最高檔與次高檔等速百公里油耗曲

19、線圖 clearclcn=600:1:4000; %貨車相關(guān)參數(shù)。m=3880;g=9.8;G=m*g;ig=5.56 2.769 1.644 1.00 0.793;y=0.85;r=0.367;f=0.013;CdA=2.77;i0=5.83;L=3.2;a=1.947;hg=0.9;If=0.218;Iw1=1.798;Iw2=3.598; n0=815 1207 1614 2012 2603 3006 3403 3804;B00=1326.8 1354.7 1284.4 1122.9 1141.0 1051.2 1233.9 1129.7;B10=-416.46 -303.98 -189

20、.75 -121.59 -98.893 -73.714 -84.478 -45.291;B20=72.379 36.657 14.524 7.0035 4.4763 2.8593 2.9788 0.71113;B30=-5.8629 -2.0553 -0.51184 -0.18517 -0.091077 -0.05138 -0.047449 -0.00075215;B40=0.17768 0.043072 0.0068164 0.0018555 0.00068906 0.00035032 0.00028230 -0.000038568; B0=spline(n0,B00,n); %插值擬合系數(shù)曲線。B1=spline(n0,B10,n);B2=spline