William Thackeray 威廉姆.薩克雷PPT課件

1、2021/3/91William Makepeace Thackeray(18111863)2021/3/92 born in Calcutta on July 18, 1811 parents, of Anglo-Indian descent; father, appointed to a position in the Indian Civil Service in 1817, after his fathers death, sent home to England to be educated (a succession of preparatory schools; then pub

2、lic school at the Charterhouse) in 1829, entered Trinity College, Cambridge; formed friendship with Tennyson, Edward Fitzgerald & William Brookfield; left without a degree2021/3/93 with comfortable income from his fathers estate, could afford to take an active part in the society & travel on

3、 his return to London, began to study law & abandoned it a year later; later, decided to study painting, unsuccessful in 1833, lost a considerable sum of money by buying & editing a short-lived paper extravagance & unwise investment dissipated the rest of his inheritance; by 1834, compel

4、led to earn his living2021/3/94 in 1836, married an Irish girl, Isabella Shawe, 3 daughters (2 survived) after birth of the 3rd daughter, Mrs. Thackeray became mentally ill; until in 1842, had to be confined in the wreck of marriage, reared his daughters, not free to remarry; the rest of his domesti

5、c life, frequently sad & lonely after the ill health for more than 10 years, died of a cerebral effusion in 1863, at Kensington, London2021/3/95His Literary Works 1) The Book of Snobs 勢利人臉譜勢利人臉譜勢利者集勢利者集It gives a satirical description of the different strata of the ruling classes of England.2021

6、/3/96His Literary Works 2) Vanity Fair 名利場名利場3) The History of Pendennis 彭登尼斯彭登尼斯4) The Newcomes 紐克姆一家紐克姆一家2021/3/975) The History of Henny Esmond亨利亨利埃斯蒙德埃斯蒙德6) The Virginians 弗吉尼亞人弗吉尼亞人2021/3/98Vanity Fair: General IntroductionvVanity Fair is Thackerays masterpiece. It was published in 1847-48 in m

7、onthly installments. 2021/3/99vThe sub-title of the book, “A Novel Without a Hero”, suggests the fact that writer s intention was not to portray individuals, but the bourgeois and aristocratic society as a whole. The title was taken from Bunyans “Pilgrims Progress”.2021/3/910Vanity Fair: General Int

8、roductionvIn this novel Thackeray describes the life of the ruling classes of England in the early decades of the 19th century.vIt is a world where money grubbing is the main motive for all members of the ruling classes. 2021/3/911 Rebecca Sharp: :小說中的主角，家境貧寒，但一心想擠入小說中的主角，家境貧寒，但一心想擠入上流社會。上流社會。Becky是

9、是Rebecca的簡稱。因此，人們稱她為的簡稱。因此，人們稱她為蓓姬蓓姬. .夏普。夏普。 Amelia Sedley (阿米利亞阿米利亞. .賽得萊賽得萊) ): :小說中的另一個主角，小說中的另一個主角，原先家境富有。她心地善良。原先家境富有。她心地善良。 George Osborne ( (喬治喬治. .奧斯朋奧斯朋) )：阿米利亞的丈夫：阿米利亞的丈夫 Rawdon Crawley ( (羅登羅登. .克羅萊克羅萊) ): :富有的克羅萊家族的成富有的克羅萊家族的成員。員。 William Dobbin ( (威廉威廉. .朵平朵平) ): :阿米利亞和奧斯朋的好友阿米利亞和奧斯朋的好

10、友。 Joseph Sedley(約瑟夫約瑟夫. . 賽得萊賽得萊): :阿米利亞的兄弟。阿米利亞的兄弟。 Pitt (匹特匹特) )：羅登：羅登. .克羅萊的哥哥?？肆_萊的哥哥。 羅登羅登. .克羅萊的姑媽克羅萊的姑媽：富婆。：富婆。2021/3/912 小說的原名為小說的原名為Vanity Fair，譯為，譯為“名利場名利場”?！懊麍雒麍觥笔侵赣?dāng)時有錢人的社交場所，是指英國當(dāng)時有錢人的社交場所，可稱為可稱為“名人俱樂部名人俱樂部”。要了解這篇小說的故。要了解這篇小說的故事情節(jié)，有兩點(diǎn)要特別注意：一是不僅婚姻要事情節(jié)，有兩點(diǎn)要特別注意：一是不僅婚姻要門當(dāng)戶對，而且有錢人不希望有窮親戚

11、，這是門當(dāng)戶對，而且有錢人不希望有窮親戚，這是當(dāng)時有錢人的習(xí)慣做法。二是不僅繼承財產(chǎn)是當(dāng)時有錢人的習(xí)慣做法。二是不僅繼承財產(chǎn)是當(dāng)時一些人的致富手段，而且有錢人往往用剝當(dāng)時一些人的致富手段，而且有錢人往往用剝奪繼承權(quán)作為一種嚴(yán)厲的懲罰手段。奪繼承權(quán)作為一種嚴(yán)厲的懲罰手段。2021/3/913PlotvBecky and Amelia leaving schoolvIn Amelias home, Becky tries to entrap JosephvBecky becoming Sir Pitt Crawleys governess, secretly married to Rawdon C

12、rawleyvRawdon Crawley imprisoned for debt, finds Becky entertaining Lord Steyne. Leaves for India and dies of fevervBecky lives with Joseph and gets all his property when he dies.vBecky lives like a grand lady.2021/3/914 小說從講述蓓姬小說從講述蓓姬. .夏普和阿米利亞夏普和阿米利亞. .賽得萊二人離賽得萊二人離開克律斯維克學(xué)校開始。蓓姬父母雙亡，跟隨開克律斯維克學(xué)校開始。蓓姬

13、父母雙亡，跟隨阿米利亞到她的家中暫住。阿米利亞對于進(jìn)入阿米利亞到她的家中暫住。阿米利亞對于進(jìn)入“名利場名利場”沒有興趣，而蓓姬則是一心一意想沒有興趣，而蓓姬則是一心一意想進(jìn)入這個圈子。她深知，她既無錢財，又無地進(jìn)入這個圈子。她深知，她既無錢財，又無地位，要進(jìn)入這個圈子只能靠自己的本領(lǐng)。位，要進(jìn)入這個圈子只能靠自己的本領(lǐng)。 她到了阿米利亞家中后，首先是設(shè)法得到約瑟她到了阿米利亞家中后，首先是設(shè)法得到約瑟夫夫. .賽得萊（阿米利亞的兄弟）的好感，希望能賽得萊（阿米利亞的兄弟）的好感，希望能夠嫁給他。但喬治夠嫁給他。但喬治. .奧斯朋（阿米利亞的未婚夫）奧斯朋（阿米利亞的未婚夫）看破了她的企圖，并阻

14、撓此事，因?yàn)樗幌Ｍ雌屏怂钠髨D，并阻撓此事，因?yàn)樗幌Ｍ休砑н@樣的窮親戚。有蓓姬這樣的窮親戚。2021/3/915 蓓姬無可奈何，離開了阿米利亞的家，到有錢有蓓姬無可奈何，離開了阿米利亞的家，到有錢有勢的克羅萊家去當(dāng)了女管家。這次她的努力獲勢的克羅萊家去當(dāng)了女管家。這次她的努力獲得成功。她成為羅登得成功。她成為羅登. .克羅萊的妻子。但在這個克羅萊的妻子。但在這個家族中，掌握財權(quán)的人是羅登的姑媽。這個富家族中，掌握財權(quán)的人是羅登的姑媽。這個富婆反對羅登的婚姻，剝奪了他的繼承權(quán)。婆反對羅登的婚姻，剝奪了他的繼承權(quán)。 阿米利亞的家境其實(shí)并不富有。因此，奧斯朋阿米利亞的家境其實(shí)并不富有。因此，

15、奧斯朋的父親打算阻止他的兒子與阿米利亞的婚姻。的父親打算阻止他的兒子與阿米利亞的婚姻。但他的阻撓未能實(shí)現(xiàn)。他們兩人的好友威廉但他的阻撓未能實(shí)現(xiàn)。他們兩人的好友威廉. .朵朵平促成了這椿婚事。奧斯朋的父親剝奪了他兒平促成了這椿婚事。奧斯朋的父親剝奪了他兒子的繼承權(quán)。兩人生活艱難，后來喬治又死于子的繼承權(quán)。兩人生活艱難，后來喬治又死于滑鐵盧戰(zhàn)場。威廉滑鐵盧戰(zhàn)場。威廉. .朵平暗地里資助阿米得亞。朵平暗地里資助阿米得亞。由于貧困，阿米利亞把她的兒子喬杰交給了爺由于貧困，阿米利亞把她的兒子喬杰交給了爺爺奧斯朋。威廉爺奧斯朋。威廉. .朵平做工作讓阿米利亞同她的朵平做工作讓阿米利亞同她的爺爺和好，最后，

16、威廉與阿米利亞結(jié)婚。爺爺和好，最后，威廉與阿米利亞結(jié)婚。2021/3/916 另一方面，蓓姬結(jié)婚后，利用克羅萊家族的名望，另一方面，蓓姬結(jié)婚后，利用克羅萊家族的名望，結(jié)交了不少有錢有勢的人。盡管她說她是從她結(jié)交了不少有錢有勢的人。盡管她說她是從她的丈夫羅登那里致富的，其實(shí)不是如此。她是的丈夫羅登那里致富的，其實(shí)不是如此。她是恁著她自己的手段，從多方面搞到錢財?shù)?。她恁著她自己的手段，從多方面搞到錢財?shù)?。她的丈夫羅登最后看清了蓓姬的為人，離開了她，的丈夫羅登最后看清了蓓姬的為人，離開了她，死在他鄉(xiāng)。蓓姬又與阿米利亞的兄弟約瑟夫結(jié)死在他鄉(xiāng)。蓓姬又與阿米利亞的兄弟約瑟夫結(jié)婚?；楹笏部辞辶溯砑У臑槿?。

17、不久他也去婚?；楹笏部辞辶溯砑У臑槿?。不久他也去世了。蓓姬的相好，伯爵老斯臺恩，最后也離世了。蓓姬的相好，伯爵老斯臺恩，最后也離開了她。開了她。 克羅萊富婆讓羅登的哥哥匹特繼承了她的財產(chǎn)。克羅萊富婆讓羅登的哥哥匹特繼承了她的財產(chǎn)。匹特及其子小匹特死后，富婆的遺產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)為蓓姬匹特及其子小匹特死后，富婆的遺產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)為蓓姬之子小羅登所有。此時蓓姬也感悟到過去自己之子小羅登所有。此時蓓姬也感悟到過去自己的所作所為沒有什么意義，而且并不光彩，開的所作所為沒有什么意義，而且并不光彩，開始從事慈善事業(yè)。始從事慈善事業(yè)。2021/3/917 Character Analysis of Vanity Fairchar

18、actersAmelia Sedley Rebecca Sharp a bourgeois society cunning, immoral and quick-witted 隨機(jī)應(yīng)變的shrewd, unscrupulous, sophisticated世故的 simple, sentimental, weak, but good at heart 2021/3/918Analysis of Vanity FairvIn the novel, Becky Sharp is a classic example of this money-grubbing instinct(本能). vEver

19、yone wishes to gain something in Vanity Fair and acts almost in the same manner as Becky.2021/3/919The Characteristics of Vanity Fairv(1) Vanity Fair has a sub-title, A Novel Without a Hero, which intends to portray the bourgeois and aristocratic society as a whole.2021/3/920The Characteristics of V

20、anity Fairv(2) Vanity Fair is work of social criticism, and is noted for the authors realistic depiction, the ironic and sarcastic tone and constant comment and criticism.v(3) In Vanity Fair, Thackeray gives block characters(人物群體 ).2021/3/921The Characteristics of Vanity Fairv(4) Thackeray uses symb

21、olism in Vanity Fair.v(5) Thackeray employs an omniscient (無所不知的) narrator to tell the story.2021/3/922Comments on Thackerays Novels v1) Thackeray is one of the greatest critical realists of the 19th century Europe. He paints life as he has seen it. With his precise and thorough observation, rich kn

22、owledge of social life and of the human heart, the pictures in his novels are accurate and true to life.2021/3/923v2) Thackeray is a satirist. v His satire is caustic(刻薄的，尖銳的刻薄的，尖銳的) and his humor subtle(精妙的精妙的).v3) Thackeray is a moralist. v His aim is to produce a moral impression in all his novel

23、s.2021/3/924vWhat are the differences between Dickens and Thackeray?2021/3/925Their differences: The world described by Thackeray was a different one from that of Dickens. Thackeray mainly described the lives of aristocrats and rich people, whereas Dickens chief contribution was his description of the common people, like Olive Twist.2021/3/926 Dickens was a sentimentalist. He liked to seize every opportunity to arouse the emot