初中英語情態(tài)動詞完整詳細附練習題

1、第七講 初中英語情態(tài)動詞講解一、 情態(tài)動詞的概念情態(tài)動詞本身有具體的詞義，但也同助動詞一樣，需要與其他詞語一起構(gòu)成句子的謂語。情態(tài)動詞有四個特征： 不能單獨做謂語，必須與其他動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語； 沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化； 情態(tài)動詞后必須跟動詞原形； 具有助動詞功能。二、 情態(tài)動詞的用法1. can的用法：1) 表示能力，譯為“能、會”，即有某種能力，尤其是生來具備的能力，此時may和must不可代替它。例句：She can swim fast, but I cant . 她能游得很快，但我不能。例句：I can see with my eyes. 我用眼睛看。2) 表示許可，常在口語中。這里可以用m

2、ay代替。例句：You can/may use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。3) 表示推測，意為“可能”，常用于否定句和疑問句中，此時cant不是“不能”而是“不可能”。例句：The news is true. 這消息是真的。一般疑問句： Is the news true? 這消息是真的嗎？表推測、懷疑： Can the news be true? 這個消息會是真的嗎？例句：- Can it be our teacher? 那個人有可能是我們老師嗎？ - No, it cant be our teacher. He is visiting the Great Wall. 不

3、可能。咱們老師正在游覽長城呢。【例題】I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there.No. She _ be there, I have just been there. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. wouldnt注意：can和be able to的區(qū)別 表達“能夠”的時候，兩者可以互換。但是細微的差別在于：can 強調(diào)與生俱來的能力，“能夠”； be able to是后天習得的能力或者經(jīng)過努力、拼搏、奮斗而做成的事，“有能力做”。例句：They can/are abl

4、e to be here on time. 他們能夠及時趕到。例句：They were able to arrive here on time with his help. 有了他的幫助，他們就能及時趕到這里了。例句：They can arrive here on time. 他們能夠及時趕到這里。2. could的用法：1) can的過去式，意為“能、會”，表示過去的能力。例句：He could write poems when he was 10. 他十歲時就會寫詩。2) could在疑問句中，表示委婉的語氣，此時could沒有過去式的意思。例句：Could you give me a h

5、and? 你能幫我個忙嗎？例句： Could I use your pen? 我能用一下你的鋼筆嗎? Yes, you can.可以。（注意回答是can能夠）3. may的用法：1) 表示請求、許可，比can正式例句：May I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行車嗎？例句：You may go home now. 現(xiàn)在你可以回家了?！纠}】 _ I borrow your MP3? Sure . Here you are. A. May B. Should C. Must D. Would2) 表示推測，談?wù)摽赡苄?，意為“可能，或許”，一般用于肯定句中。 例句：It may

6、 rain tomorrow .明天可能會下雨。 例句：She may be at home.她可能在家呢.3) may的過去式為might，表示推測，可能性低于may。 例句：He is away from school. He might be sick.他離開學校了,可能是他生病了。4) 表示希望、祈求、祝愿，?？勺g為“祝愿”。句型通常是may +主語+動詞原形。 例句：May you have a good time.祝你過得愉快。 例句：May you be happy! 祝你幸福！例句：May you succeed！祝你成功！4. must的用法：1) must表示主觀看法，意為

7、“必須、一定”。例句： You must stay here until I come back.在我回來之前你必須呆在這兒。例句：Must I hand in my homework right now?我必須現(xiàn)在交作業(yè)嗎？2) 其否定形式mustnt表示 “禁止，不準，不允許”、“一定不要”、“千萬別”。例句：You mustnt play with fire. 你不許玩火。例句：You mustnt be late.你一定不要遲到。3) must表示有把握的推測，“肯定”，用于肯定句。例句：The light is on, so he must be at home now. 燈亮著，他

8、現(xiàn)在肯定在家。4) 對must引導的疑問句回答 肯定回答為must否定回答為neednt 或dont have to 例句：Must I finish my homework?我現(xiàn)在必須完成作業(yè)嗎？ No, you neednt./ No, you dont have to. 不，你不必。注意must反意問句的構(gòu)成形式：當must表示肯定的判斷、推測時，其反意疑問句要用實際問句的助動詞來反問。例句：She must have seen the film before，hasnt she?例句：You must have met uncle Wang in the shop yesterday，

9、didnt you? 5. need的用法：1) need表示需要、必須，主要用于否定句和疑問句中。2) 用need提問的回答：肯定回答為must，否定回答為neednt“沒有必要”或dont have to“不必”。例句： Need I stay here any longer? 我還有必要留在這兒嗎？ Yes, you must .是的。 No. you neednt /dont have to.不，你不必。3) need還可以作實義動詞，此時有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化。 如果是人作主語后邊多接動詞不定式，即need to do。例句：I need to do it at once.我需要馬上

10、做這件事。例句：He needs to learn more about the girl.他需要多了解那個女孩。 如果是物作主語，一般用need doing與need to be done。例如：The door needs painting. = The door needs to be painted. 那扇門需要刷一下漆。例句：Your car needs repairing. = Your car needs to be repaired. 你的車需要維修了。6. shall的用法：shall表示征求對方意見（多用于第一、三人稱）。例句：Shall we go out for a w

11、alk?我們出去散步好嗎？其回答方式有以下幾種：Yes, please.All right.No, thank you.在英語中，我們可以用其他多種方式提出我們的建議或征求對方意見。1) 用“Let's do.”來提出建議。例句：Let's go for a walk after supper.我們晚飯后去散步吧。（和聽話者一起散步）例句：Let us go for a walk after supper.請讓我們晚飯后去散步吧。（征求聽話者意見）2) 用“What/How about.?”來提出建議；about后接名詞或doing形式。例句：What about/How ab

12、out a drink? 喝一杯怎么樣？例句：What about/How about taking Tom with us?帶上湯姆和我們一起怎么樣？3) 用“Why not.?”來提出建議，表示“何不”not面后接動詞原形?！癢hy not.?”實際上是“Why don't you/we.?”的簡略形式。例句：Why not meet at the school gate at eight? 不如八點在校門口見吧？例句：Why don't we stay here another day? 我們何不改天留在這里？4) 用“Would you like.?”來提出建議，意思是

13、“你想要嗎?”Would you like后可接名詞或to do。例句：Would you like a cup of tea?你想喝杯茶嗎？例句：Would you like to go and see her?你想去看看她嗎？因此，如果我們說：“去游泳好嗎?”英語中可有這樣幾種表達法：Shall we go for a swim?Let's go for a swim，shall we?What about/How about going swimming?Why not go for a swim?Would you like to go for a swim?What do y

14、ou think of going for a swim?would you 的回答方式有以下幾種：A. Yes, I will. (No, I wont.)嗯，好的。（不，不必了。）B. Sure . (Im sorry , I cant.)當然。（抱歉，不能。）C. All right. / OK. / With pleasure./Certainly. (No, thank you .)好的。/樂意效勞。/當然。（不，謝謝。）D. Yes, please.好的，麻煩了?！纠}】Would you give me a hand and pass on my thanks to Lily?_

15、.A. Thats right B. With pleasure C. It doesnt matter D. No trouble7. should的用法：1) should意為“應(yīng)該”，可表示勸告、建議、義務(wù)、責任等。例句：We should protect the environment.我們應(yīng)該保護環(huán)境。2) should have done過去本應(yīng)當做某事但卻沒有做，表示對過去動作的責備、批評。例句：You should have finished your homework by now. 3) 到目前為止你應(yīng)該已經(jīng)完成作業(yè)了。（事實上你沒有完成。）8. will的用法：will表

16、示意愿、意志、打算，可用于多種人稱。例句：I will help you if Im free this afternoon. 今天下午如果我有空，我就會幫你。9. had better的用法：had better意為“最好”，沒有人稱的變化，后面接不帶to的不定式，其否定形式為：had better not。例句：We had better go now.我們最好現(xiàn)在就走。例句：You had better not give the book to him.你最好不要把這本書給他。情態(tài)動詞練習題一、選擇題( ) 1. John_ come to see us tonight, but he

17、isn't very sure yet.A. may B. can C. has to D. must( ) 2. They _ do well in the exam.A. can be able to B. be able toC. can able to D. are able to( ) 3. -May I take this book out?-No, you_.A. can't B. may not C. needn't D. aren't( ) 4. You_ go and see a doctor at once because you'

18、re got a fever.A. can B. must C. dare D. would( ) 5. -Can you speak Japanese?-No, I_.A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not( ) 6. -He_ be in the classroom, I think.-No, he _ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago. A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; can't D. may;

19、 mustn't( ) 7. Even the top students in our class can't work out this problem, so it_ be very difficult.A. may B. must C. can D. need( ) 8. He isn't at school. I think he _ be ill.A. can B. will C. must D. has to( ) 9. _ I take this one?A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do( ) 10. The children_ pl

20、ay football on the road.A. can't B. can C. mustn't D. must( ) 11. You _ be late for school again next time.A. mustn't B. needn't C. don't have to D. don't need to( ) 12. -Must I do my homework at once?-No, you_. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. may not( ) 13. His

21、 arm is all right. He_ go and see the doctor. A. has not to B. don't have to C. haven't to D. doesn't have to( ) 14. He had to give up the plan, _ he? A. did B. didn't C. does D. doesn't( )15. Must I return the hook tomorrow morning? No, you _ .You can keep it longer. A. mustn

22、9;t B. can't C. needn't D. couldn't( )16. How long may I keep the book? You _ keep it for two weeks. A. may B. must C. will( )17. Susan, would you like to go hiking with us this afternoon? I'd love to, but I study for a test.A. may B. have to C. can( )18.- May I go out now, Dad? - No

23、. You _ let your mother know first. A. can B. may C. need D. must( )19. - Can I skate on the lake now?- No, you _. Its dangerous.A. cantB. mustntC. needntD. wont( )20. Peter doesnt mind lending you his camera.He _. Ive already borrowed one.A. needntB. cant C. mustnt D. shouldnt( )21. Good morning. I

24、've got an appointment with Ms King in her office. Morning. You _be Mr. Jones. This way, please.A. will B. must C. can D, might( )22. -Dad, the bread is not enough. I am still hungry. I have something more? -But theres nothing in the fridge now. A. Must B. Need C. Will D. Can ( )23. Where's

25、my music disc? I can't see it!You'd better the disc carefully in your bedroom.A. look up B. look through C. look for( )24. - Do we have to go to school this afternoon?- Yes, you _.A. must B. can C. need( )25. Congratulations! You've got the first prize in the English Contest._ it be true

26、? It's unbelievable!A. May B. Should C. Must D. Can( )26. -May we go home now ? - No, you_. You_ to go home until 5 oclock. A. mustnt; are allowed B. dont have to; are supposedC. neednt; arent allowed D. cant; aren't supposed二、 填空題：1. Must we leave now? No, we _ _ _.We still have two more hours.2. Can you ri