CdSAl論文：納米復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)材料的制備及其光催化性能的研究

1、CdS/Al203論文：納米復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)材料的制備及其光催化性能的研究【中文摘要】近年來,環(huán)保問題越來越受到人們的關(guān)注,污水和廢氣的排放對(duì)環(huán)境影響巨大,所以探索研究經(jīng)濟(jì)有效的污水及廢氣處理技術(shù)勢(shì)在必行。納米材料具有獨(dú)特的物理化學(xué)特性,具有良好的分離、光催化、【英文摘要】In recent years, environmental problem is subjected to peoples concern. Especially, there exists a huge influence of the sewage and waste gas emissions on environment.

2、 Therefore, the research on the economic and effective sewage waste gas treatment technology is imperative. For nanomaterials, they in general possess gene some special physical and chemistry properties, such as good separation, catalyst, reduction and adsorption. Additionally, the small size of str

3、ucture unit can make it contact effectively with pollutants, and thus, it can show high photocatalyst effect compared with the traditional water treatment technology. Therefore, nanostructured materials show a wide application prospect in water treatment fields.The photocatalysis can completely degr

4、ade organic pollutants into CO2 and H2O. In general, the nanomaterials with photocatalytic properties are almost semiconductor. When the nanostructured particles are irradiated by the light with energy higher than its band gap, electrons can be excited effectively from valence band to conduction ban

5、d. Thus, quantities of electrons and holes can exist in conduction band and valence band, respectively. Moreover, the high active electrons and holes can form a redox system. Additionally, because the size of nanoparticles is very small, photogenerated carriers can easily migrate onto the nanopartic

6、le surface through a simple diffusion, and then take place redox reaction with the electron donor or acceptor.The composite with two or more nanomaterials may have some new features. When nanostructured CdS with a narrow band gap was loaded into one-dimensional (1D) nanostructured Al2O3 with a high

7、specific surface area, CdS can be used as photocatalyst and 1D Al2O3 can be used as an absorbent. Organic pollutants can be absorb effectively into the composites, and then degraded into CO2 and H2O. Thus, the photocatalytic efficiency is expected to increase.In this thesis, ID CdS/Al2O3 nanocomposi

8、tes were prepared by a hydrothermal method, followed by a vulcanizationa at 600under a weak reduction atmosphere. The products were measured by XRD, SEM, and laser particle size analyzer. The degradability of 1D CdS/Al2O3 nanocompositse, using methylene blue as an objective dye, was researched in de

9、tail. The results show that there is a great influence of light source power, reaction time, reaction temperature, and catalyst concentration on the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. Finally, the dye of methyl orange was also used to verify the activity of photocatalytic degradation. Our

10、 experiments show that the as-prepared CdS/Al2O3 nanocomposite possessed high photocatalytic activity for organic dyes.【關(guān)鍵詞】CdS/Al203 光催化性能 亞甲基藍(lán)【英文關(guān)鍵詞】CdS/Al2O3 photocatalytic activity methylene blue【目錄】納米復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)材料的制備及其光催化性能的研究摘要3-4ABSTRACT4-5第一章 緒論8-151.1 研究背景8-111.1.1 納米技術(shù)與納米材料8-91.1.2 納米材料的物理特性9-101

11、.1.3 納米材料的應(yīng)用10-111.2 納米粒子的制備方法11-121.2.1 納米微粒子的物理制備方法111.2.2 納米微粒子的化學(xué)制備方法11-121.3 半導(dǎo)體光催化原理12-141.3.1 光催化機(jī)理和催化性能的調(diào)控機(jī)制12-131.3.2 影響催化反應(yīng)的因素13-141.3.3 光催化反應(yīng)的動(dòng)力學(xué)基礎(chǔ)141.4 論文構(gòu)思14-15第二章 納米復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)材料的制備與分析表征15-282.1 實(shí)驗(yàn)試劑與儀器15-162.2 材料的制備16-192.2.1 CdS/Al_2O_3納米球狀材料的制備162.2.2 CdS/Al_2O_3納米棒狀材料的制備16-172.2.3 摻雜Au的Cd

12、S/Al_2O_3納米棒狀材料的制備17-182.2.4 CdSe/Al_2O_3納米棒狀材料的制備18-192.3 分析表征19-262.3.1 XRD分析19-212.3.2 粒度分析21-242.3.3 掃描電鏡分析24-262.4 小結(jié)26-28第三章 光催化降解實(shí)驗(yàn)28-453.1 實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置283.2 分析方法28-313.2.1 實(shí)驗(yàn)方法28-293.2.2 最大吸收波長(zhǎng)的確定29-303.2.3 繪制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線30-313.3 光催化亞甲基藍(lán)實(shí)驗(yàn)31-363.3.1 光催化驗(yàn)證反應(yīng)31-323.3.2 空白實(shí)驗(yàn)32-333.3.3 暗反實(shí)驗(yàn)33-343.3.4 不同催化劑光催化亞甲基藍(lán)對(duì)比反應(yīng)34-363.4 光催化降解甲基橙實(shí)驗(yàn)36-383.4.1 甲基橙最大吸收波峰的測(cè)定36-373.4.2 甲基橙標(biāo)