中小企業(yè)論文：安徽省中小企業(yè)信用擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)研究

1、中小企業(yè)論文：安徽省中小企業(yè)信用擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)研究【中文摘要】安徽省中小企業(yè)近年來(lái)發(fā)展突飛猛進(jìn)。中小企業(yè)能夠積極解決就業(yè)問(wèn)題,促進(jìn)安徽省經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展,同時(shí)作為國(guó)企有益補(bǔ)充等方面發(fā)揮著重要的促進(jìn)作用,是安徽經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要引擎。眾所周知,融資難已經(jīng)是中小企業(yè)遭遇到的發(fā)展“瓶頸”。安徽省從1998年開(kāi)始,越來(lái)越多為中小企業(yè)融資提供擔(dān)保的信用擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)相繼發(fā)展起來(lái)。一方面有效的化解了金融機(jī)構(gòu)的放貸門檻,另一方面也為銀行承擔(dān)了大部分或全部貸款風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。為中小企業(yè)融資問(wèn)題排憂解難,作為中小企業(yè)融資的后盾保障。近年來(lái),安徽省中小企業(yè)信用擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)已初見(jiàn)規(guī)模、有效服務(wù)安徽崛起。但是風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理是擔(dān)保公司首要任務(wù),擔(dān)保公司是

2、公認(rèn)的高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)行業(yè),所以擔(dān)保公司生存和持續(xù)發(fā)展最重要的是要管理好擔(dān)保風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。本文主要先從安徽省擔(dān)保行業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)現(xiàn)狀、特征分析,對(duì)現(xiàn)有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行總結(jié)。然后分析了安徽省擔(dān)保行業(yè)信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的成因所在。主要從外部風(fēng)險(xiǎn)：信息不對(duì)稱風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、制度風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、政策風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、行業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和內(nèi)部風(fēng)險(xiǎn)：市場(chǎng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、操作風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、經(jīng)營(yíng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等兩大類風(fēng)險(xiǎn)八個(gè)方面來(lái)考慮。然后分析了控制風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、分散風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、轉(zhuǎn)嫁風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)來(lái)分析安徽省中小企業(yè)擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的對(duì)策與建議：從完善風(fēng)險(xiǎn)補(bǔ)償機(jī)制、全面做好項(xiàng)目審查工作、注重保后企業(yè)管理、擔(dān)保業(yè)務(wù)與保險(xiǎn)業(yè)務(wù)相結(jié)合,政策扶持擔(dān)保業(yè)務(wù)參保、提高擔(dān)保從業(yè)人員素質(zhì)和全面設(shè)置有效的風(fēng)控指標(biāo)、促進(jìn)反擔(dān)保機(jī)制發(fā)展,擴(kuò)大擔(dān)保

3、新業(yè)務(wù)品種、完善相關(guān)立法,建立健全信用信息記錄制度,信用激勵(lì)制度,失信行為聯(lián)合嚴(yán)懲制度、加快信用網(wǎng)絡(luò)體系,實(shí)名制信息共享平臺(tái)建設(shè)、政府部門加強(qiáng)監(jiān)管等方面來(lái)解決風(fēng)險(xiǎn)問(wèn)題。同時(shí)還可以用VaR模型來(lái)分析銀行擔(dān)保各自應(yīng)該承擔(dān)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)份額、Zeta模型預(yù)測(cè)企業(yè)破產(chǎn)的可能性。【英文摘要】In recent years, small and medium enterprises develop rapidly in Anhui Province. SMEs actively solve the employment problem and to promote rapid economic developme

4、nt of Anhui Province,at the same time they are useful complements to other state-owned enterprises and become the most important Pushing Power to promote the economic development of Anhui. As we all know, its very difficult for SMEs to suffer from finance for the development which is its “bottleneck

5、”. Since 1998 one after another credit guarantee institutions provide security for the financing of SMEs in Anhui Province. On the one hand they share the risk and provide more customers for the banks,on the other hand they help and back SMEs to solve the problems of financing. Today,SME credit guar

6、antee institutions in Anhui Province has shown signs of scale and service the rise of Anhui.However,the security company is recognized as one of the high-risk industries,risk management is the primary task of security company,security company risk management is most important for survival and sustai

7、nable development ability.This article starts with the security industry risk situation in Anhui Province, characteristic analysis and summary of existing risks, then analyzes the risk of Guarantee industry in Anhui Province which causes of the credit risk. There are many risks mainly from external

8、risks:information asymmetry risk, legal risk, institutional risk, policy risk, industry risk and internal risks:market risk,operational risk,operational risk and other risks. Then it analyzes the control of risk,spread the risk,shift the risk and reduce the risk to analyze credit risk guarantee inst

9、itutions for SMEs in Anhui Province. Generally speaking,there are some countermeasures and suggestions:improving risk compensation mechanism,making the project a comprehensive review,focusing on security after the enterprise management,security operations combined with the insurance business,guarant

10、eeing business insurance policies and improving the quality of employees and comprehensive security and effective risk control indicator set,the counter-guarantee mechanism to promote the development of new business lines to expand security,improve the relevant legislation,the establishment of a sou

11、nd record of credit information system,credit incentive system,punishing acts of dishonesty joint system,speeding up the credit network system,information sharing platform for building real-name system for government departments to strengthen supervision in order to address risk issues. VaR model al

12、so can be used to analyze the bank guarantee should bear their share of the risk, Zeta model to predict the possibility of bankruptcy.【關(guān)鍵詞】中小企業(yè) 信用擔(dān)保 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)研究 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理【英文關(guān)鍵詞】Small and medium enterprises Credit Guarantee Risk research Risk Management【目錄】安徽省中小企業(yè)信用擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)研究摘要3-4Abstract4-5目錄6-8第一章 導(dǎo)論8-161.1 選題的背

13、景8-91.2 論文的研究目的91.3 論文的研究意義91.4 論文的研究方法9-101.5 論文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)及不足10-111.6 國(guó)內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)綜述11-161.6.1 國(guó)外關(guān)于信用擔(dān)保及其風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)綜述11-121.6.2 國(guó)內(nèi)相關(guān)信用擔(dān)保及其風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)綜述12-16第二章 中小企業(yè)信用擔(dān)保的幾個(gè)相關(guān)理論問(wèn)題16-242.1 中小企業(yè)擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)的作用16-172.2 中小企業(yè)擔(dān)保體系的建立17-182.3 中小企業(yè)擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)分類18-192.4 擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)業(yè)務(wù)流程圖19-202.5 擔(dān)保風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分類和特征20-24第三章 安徽省擔(dān)保行業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)現(xiàn)狀24-283.1 安徽省擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)展情況24-263.

14、2 安徽省擔(dān)保行業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)問(wèn)題的突出表現(xiàn)26-283.2.1 擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)不牢、認(rèn)識(shí)不清263.2.2 擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)、銀行業(yè)金融機(jī)構(gòu)的合作還不通暢26-273.2.3 監(jiān)管條件和手段與監(jiān)管形式不相適應(yīng)273.2.4 行業(yè)發(fā)展?jié)摲欢〒?dān)保風(fēng)險(xiǎn)273.2.5 安徽省各個(gè)地市擔(dān)保行業(yè)發(fā)展的不平衡27-28第四章 安徽省信用擔(dān)保行業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的成因分析28-374.1 外部風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分類及其原因28-324.1.1 信息不對(duì)稱風(fēng)險(xiǎn)28-294.1.2 法律制度風(fēng)險(xiǎn)29-314.1.3 政策風(fēng)險(xiǎn)314.1.4 行業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)31-324.2 內(nèi)部風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分類及其原因32-344.2.1 市場(chǎng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)324.2.2 操作風(fēng)險(xiǎn)32-334.2.3 經(jīng)營(yíng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)33-344.3 綜合性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)案例的分析34-374.3.1 經(jīng)營(yíng)、法律、財(cái)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)導(dǎo)致代償案例分析34-354.3.2 經(jīng)營(yíng)、財(cái)務(wù)、信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)導(dǎo)致代償案例分析35-37第五章 降低安徽省信用擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的對(duì)策與建議37-485.1 降低外部風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的對(duì)策與建議37-405.1.1 信息不對(duì)稱風(fēng)險(xiǎn)方面375.1.2 法律制度風(fēng)險(xiǎn)方面37-385.1.3 政策風(fēng)險(xiǎn)方面38-395.1.4 行業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)方面39-405.2 降低內(nèi)部風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的對(duì)策與