美國(guó)與歐洲歷史與現(xiàn)狀

1、 The historic and current relationship between Europe and the U.S. time sequence o ? -1914, Prewaro 1914-1945, two wars o 1945-2000, Post Waro 2000- now, new millennium Prewar o The New World (1498, Columbus) o Colonization (16071753) 1620, May Flowero Independence Day (1776.7.4)o 1783-1914 America

2、falls far behind the Europeand the Europe has great impact on itin politics, economy and culture, etc. Two warso 1914-1918 o 1939-1945 二戰(zhàn)至冷戰(zhàn)期間，美國(guó)掌握了資本主義世界的二戰(zhàn)至冷戰(zhàn)期間，美國(guó)掌握了資本主義世界的霸權(quán)，元?dú)獯髠臍W洲附庸于美國(guó)。西歐諸國(guó)均需霸權(quán)，元?dú)獯髠臍W洲附庸于美國(guó)。西歐諸國(guó)均需要美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)援助，自然靠近美國(guó)。歐洲成為美國(guó)要美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)援助，自然靠近美國(guó)。歐洲成為美國(guó)對(duì)抗蘇聯(lián)的工具。美國(guó)從經(jīng)濟(jì)軍事政治上控制歐洲。對(duì)抗蘇聯(lián)的工具。美國(guó)從經(jīng)濟(jì)軍

3、事政治上控制歐洲。Postwar1)1945-19901947-1991,cold war(1st,1959)1949,NATO：North Atlantic Treaty Organization冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后，歐洲一體化趨勢(shì)加強(qiáng)，實(shí)力增強(qiáng)，冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后，歐洲一體化趨勢(shì)加強(qiáng)，實(shí)力增強(qiáng)，不斷沖擊著美國(guó)的地位，逐漸成為與美國(guó)相抗不斷沖擊著美國(guó)的地位，逐漸成為與美國(guó)相抗衡的一極。衡的一極。Postwar2)The decade of the 1990s1993 EU( 12-28) The end of the Cold War gave new opportunities to both NATO a

4、nd the European Union to spread East, and bring the economic, political and security benefits to a wider area. 2000 EUUSThe Ties That Bindo Common values, overlapping interests, and shared goalso security and prosperity , interdependent.Duality o Cooperationo ImbalanceeconomypoliticssecurityEconomy

5、o Interest: the most integrated economic relationship (financial crisis)o Dispute： 1）EU: based on a close economic tie of all regions 2）US: open market, free trade area, bilateral economic cooperationPoliticso President Bush 1) emphasis on working with partners and allies 2) improvement in the tone

6、of transatlantic relations o President Obama warm and friendly Dispute on foreign policyo 分歧表現(xiàn):雙方對(duì)應(yīng)采取何種方式對(duì)付對(duì)國(guó)際和平與安全構(gòu)成威脅的國(guó)家的問(wèn)題上意見(jiàn)相左。o US: economic sanction經(jīng)濟(jì)制裁o EU: dialogueSecurity (911)o U.S.-EU cooperation on counterterrorism has been strong.o The universal European reaction to those attacks was o

7、ne of sympathy for America, and horror at the outrage.Arguments over the military operation in Iraq in 2003o US: impatient for decisive action; o UK: UN authority for military action;o Germany and France: more time for the inspection process. The attempt to achieve a further resolution to give autho

8、rity for military action was unsuccessful. Cooperation & Competition Transatlantic cooperation is strong on many key issues, but some concerns also persist. As the United States and Europe deal with changing geopolitical realities, some new anxieties are surfacing about the current and future of the transatlantic partnership.The Future of European American Relationso 第一第一, , 美歐將進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)在安全問(wèn)題上的協(xié)調(diào)。美歐將進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)在安全問(wèn)題上的協(xié)調(diào)。o 第二第二, , 對(duì)北約的改造將成為未來(lái)一段時(shí)期美歐互動(dòng)對(duì)北約的改造將成為未來(lái)一段時(shí)期美歐互動(dòng)的重點(diǎn)議題。的重點(diǎn)議題。o 美歐關(guān)系在經(jīng)過(guò)冷戰(zhàn)之后的調(diào)整期后美歐關(guān)系在經(jīng)過(guò)冷戰(zhàn)之后的調(diào)整期后, , 會(huì)繼續(xù)保持會(huì)繼續(xù)保持較為密切的態(tài)勢(shì)。只不過(guò)這種密切反映的是朋友間較為密切的態(tài)勢(shì)。只不過(guò)這種密切反映的是朋友間平等的關(guān)系平等的關(guān)系, , 而非過(guò)去那