初升高英語銜接班第3講(共8頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上總結(jié)it的用法和there be句型的用法（一）It的用法小結(jié)1. It作主語的句子（1）It指前面已經(jīng)提到過的人或事物（有時指心目中的或成為問題的人或事物）時，It是真正的主語。如：Whats this ? Its a horse . 這是什么？這是一匹馬。Who is it ? Its me . 誰？是我。Its the wind shaking the window . 是風(fēng)刮得窗戶響。（2）It指時間、季節(jié) ：如：What time is it ? Its nine . 幾點(diǎn)了？九點(diǎn)了。Its time for the meeting . Lets go .

2、開會的時間到了，我們走吧！What day is today ? Its Saturday . 今天星期幾？今天星期六。What is the date today ? Its Oct.（the）1st . 今天是幾號？今天是十月一號。What season is it ? It is summer . 現(xiàn)在是什么季節(jié)？是夏季。（3）It指氣候。Is it cold in this room ? No , it isnt . 屋里冷嗎？不冷。Whats the weather like today ? Its fine . 今天天氣怎么樣？是晴天。It often rains in summe

3、r and it often snows in winter in this city . 這個城市夏天經(jīng)常下雨，冬天經(jīng)常下雪。（4）It指距離、情況等。如：It is five kilometres from my home to the school .從我家到學(xué)校有5公里。It is very near from this factory to that one .從這個工廠到那個工廠非常近。It is a long way to the sea .（這）離海很遠(yuǎn)。Is it well with you ? 你身體好嗎？2. It作形式主語動詞不定式、動名詞短語或從句在句中起主語作用，而

4、這一部分用詞較多時，可用it作為形式主語，放在句首代表其后所說的事實(shí)上的、真正的主語，而把真正的主語放在后面。（1）It +謂語+動詞不定式。It作形式主語，動詞不定式作真正主語。如：It is difficult to climb a mountain . 爬山是很艱難的。It is a good habit to do morning exercises . 做早操是個好習(xí)慣。It is important to do proper memory work in the study of a foreign language . 在學(xué)習(xí)外語時適當(dāng)?shù)刈鲆恍┯兄谟洃浀木毩?xí)是很重要的。It i

5、s right to do so . 這樣做是對的。（2）It+謂語+動名詞短語。It作形式主語，動名詞作真正的主語。如：It is no use learning without thinking . 學(xué)而不思則罔。Its useless arguing with a silly boy . 和笨孩子爭論是沒有用的。（3）It+謂語+名詞性從句。It作形式主語，以that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句是真正的主語。如：It is a pity that you didnt see such a good film .你沒看這么好的電影，真可惜。It is certain that we shall suc

6、ceed . 我們一定會成功。It is strange that nobody knows where he lives .真奇怪，誰也不知道他住在哪里。It is said that the plane will take off at ten tomorrow morning .據(jù)說飛機(jī)明天上午十點(diǎn)起飛。3. It作形式賓語 It作形式賓語，代表其后所說的真正的賓語。真正的賓語是以that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句或不定式短語。如：I consider it wrong that you Chinese students learn English without comparing it wit

7、h your own language .我認(rèn)為你們中國學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語不和你們自己的語言比較是不對的。I find it not so difficult to learn a foreign language . 我發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)一門外語不那么困難。I remember I made it clear to you that I was not coming . 我記得向你明確表示過我不來。They want to make it clear to the public that they are doing an important and necessary job .他們要向公眾表明，他們在做

8、一件必需做的重要工作。 4. It用于強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)在表示強(qiáng)調(diào)的結(jié)構(gòu)中it可用作先行代詞，這種結(jié)構(gòu)的句型如下：It+動詞be+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分（詞或詞組）+that+其他部分。如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是人，可用who，whom代替that。如：Miss Wang teaches us English every Monday afternoon .王老師每周一下午教我們英語。強(qiáng)調(diào)主語：It is Miss Wang who teachers us English every Monday afternoon .強(qiáng)調(diào)間接賓語：It is us whom Miss Wang teaches English every

9、 Monday afternoon .強(qiáng)調(diào)直接賓語：It is English that Miss Wang teaches us every Monday afternoon .強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語：It is every Monday afternoon that Miss Wang teaches us English .It was here that I first met him . 這就是我初次與他見面的地方。（強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語）It is the people who（或that）are really powerful . 真正強(qiáng)大的是人民。（強(qiáng)調(diào)主語）（二）有關(guān)含有引導(dǎo)詞there的句子結(jié)構(gòu)英語

10、“There + be+（not）”結(jié)構(gòu)表示“有（沒有）某人或某物”時，there是無詞義的引導(dǎo)詞，be是謂語動詞，它后面的名詞是主語，兩者在數(shù)上必須一致。句末往往有表示地點(diǎn)或時間的狀語。1. 肯定式（表示“有”）There+（助動詞或情態(tài)動詞）+be+主語+地點(diǎn)（時間）狀語。如：There is a picture on the wall . 墻上有一張畫兒。There are 24 hours in a day . 一天有二十四小時。There was only one school in the village before . 以前這個村子里只有一所小學(xué)。There were 1,50

11、0 students in our school last year . 去年我校有一千五百名學(xué)生。注意：如果there + be之后是并列主語，第一個主語又是單數(shù)名詞時，習(xí)慣上用There is 如：There is a boy and a girl in the room . 屋里有一個男孩和一個女孩。There is a pen and some books on her desk . 她的書桌上有一支鋼筆和一些練習(xí)本。2. 否定式（表示“沒有”）There + be（助動詞或情態(tài)動詞）+not（any）（或+no）+主語如：There was not an underground in

12、 Beijing before . 北京從前沒有地下鐵道。There are not fairies in the world . 世上沒有神仙。There is nothing more for me to do now . 現(xiàn)在沒有別的什么事要我做了。There are not many people who want to read this book . 沒有多少人要看這本書。There wont be a dance this weekend . 本周末沒有舞會。3. 疑問式（1）一般疑問句 Be+there+（any）+主語？ 助動詞或情態(tài)動詞+there+be+（any）+主語？

13、如：Is there anything I can do for you ? 我能為你做點(diǎn)什么嗎？Is there any water in your bottle ? 你的瓶里有水嗎？Will there be a report by the famous scientist this afternoon ? 今天下午有那位著名科學(xué)家做報告嗎？（2）特殊疑問句：疑問詞（+名詞）+be+there+狀態(tài)？如：How many months are there in a year ? 一年有幾個月？Whats there in your pocket ? 你口袋里裝的是什么？When will

14、there be lasting world peace ? 什么時候世界上能有持久的和平？ 4. 含有引導(dǎo)詞there的句子用seem to be，happen to be，used to do或live等詞作謂語的結(jié)構(gòu)。 如：There happened to be an old friend of mine in the shop .恰好在商店里有我的一個老朋友。There used to be a temple here . 以前這兒有一座廟。There seemed to be no point in refusing . 看來沒理由拒絕。There once lived an ol

15、d fisherman in a village by the sea .從前，在海邊的一個村莊里住著一個老漁民?！灸M試題】綜合練習(xí)（一）1. Look ! There some apples in that tree . A. is B. was C. are D. were2. Whats on the plate ?  There some bread on it . A. is B. are C. has D. have3. Lucy and Lily going to the Great Wall tomorrow . A. are B. is C. am D. be4.

16、 Three fourths of the homework today . A. has finished B. has been finished C. have finished D. have been finished 5. A large number of the students in our class girls . A. are B. was C. is D. be6. The number of in our class fifty . A. student , is B. the students , are C. the students , is D. stude

17、nts , are 7. Either of the two books for you . You can choose one . A. are B. were C. is D. was 8. The population of our country by 50 percent over the last twenty years . A. has increased B. were risen C. have been increased D. have rose 9. Maths my favourite subject . A. be B. is C. am D. are10. H

18、ere a new pair of shoes for you . A. is B. are C. have D. has11. The Chengs here for years . A. is living B. have lived C. has lived D. lives 12. Not only my brother buy also I good at painting . Both of us good painters . A. are , are B. am , are C. is , is D. are , is 13. Two months quite a long t

19、ime .    Yes , Im afraid that he will miss a lot of his lessons . A. is B. are C. was D. were14. Every man , woman and child in this club to realize the danger of smoking . A. come B. comes C. have begun D. must 15. Everyone except David and Sam there when the meeting began . A. is B.

20、 was C. are D. were16. Are the twins on the football team ?    No , neither of them on the team . A. is B. are C. were D. be17. I have no letters from Peter .        Oh , well , no news good news now . A. is B. are C. was D. were18. One and a half ap

21、ples on the table . A. is leaving B. is left C. are left D. left 19. When and where to build the new factory yet .A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decidedD. have not decided 20. Doing eye exercises good for your health .A. are B. is C. have D. has 21. There an apple and ten bananas in

22、 the basket . You can take any of them . A. are B. is C. has D. have 22. Each of the boys an apple . A. have B. has C. to have D. to has 23. Are there any fish in the lake now ?    No . any water in it in winter . A. There isnt B. There arent C. It isnt D. They arent 24. Joan with her

23、 uncle going to visit the Summer Palace next month .A. are B. is C. was D. were 綜合練習(xí)（二）1. The story is interesting . That means it is interesting story . A. an , the B. the , an C. / an D. / , a2. I found the cat was in room . A. Lily and Lucy B. Lilys and Lucys C. Lilys and Lucy D. Lily and Lucys 3

24、. of the teachers in the school is 300 , of them are women teachers .A. The number , first fourth B. The number , one fourth C. A number , one second D. A number , three quarters 4. Shanghai Waihuan Tunnel is already open to traffic . So it will take us time to go to Pudong International Airport . A

25、. a few B. fewer C. a little D. less 5. Lots of visitors come to Nanjing because she is city . A. so a beautiful B. very a beautiful C. such beautiful a D. quite a beautiful 6. Its a nice car . have you been in it ?      Just to Shanghai . A. How much B. How long C. How soon

26、 D. How far 7. Is the street too narrow for the bus to go ? A. through B. across C. on D. in 8. Im going to the supermarket .  Will you get me some chocolates you are there , mum ? A. since B. because C. if D. while 9. Must I leave right now ?  No , you . A. may not B. cant C. mustnt D. ne

27、ednt 10. There is a ticket on the floor , is it yours ?    Oh , yes , its mine .    Let me for you . A. to pick up it B. to pick it up C. pick up it D. pick it up 11. The teacher told the boys in the street . A. not play B. not to play C. dont play D. dont to play 12. I

28、 have finished this book . You can take it away . A. to read B. read C. reading D. reads 13. The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 Christmas Day . A. is B. was C. has been D. will be 14. I have to go now . Please remember to the lights when you leave . A. turn off B. turn down C. turn up D.

29、 turn on 15. Dont ask me such a strange question , ? A. shall we B. will not you C. will you D. dont you 16. Are the twins on the football team ?        No , neither of them on the team . A. is B. are C. were D. be 17. Mr. King didnt know yesterday evening .A. when

30、 does his son come homeB. when his son comes home C. when did his son come home D. when his son came home 18. I didnt know they could pass the exam or not . A. that B. what C. which D. whether 19. Who has a dictionary , children ?        I have . A. it B. this C. o

31、ne D. so20. He returned to the small town he grew up as a child .A. which B. where C. that D. when21. In China , when the traffic lights are green , the traffic go and people on foot cross the street . A. can , cant B. cant , can C. cant , must D. neednt , must 22. What are you going to do next Sund

32、ay ?    . A. Im sorry B. Here you are C. Ive no idea D. Thats right 23. I cant find the right size . The shoes in the shop are too big too small . A. neither , nor B. either , or C. both , and D. not , or24. The colour of his socks is different from of mine .A. one B. that C. it D. th

33、is 綜合練習(xí)（三）1. It was spring . American girl went to London . A. a , The , a B. / , The , / C. / , An , / D. / , A , /2. Its a long to Paris . Its two thousand kilometers . A. street B. road C. way D. walk3. Where are the students ? Are they in ? A. the Room 406 B. Room 406 C. the 406 Room D. 406 Room

34、 4. The weather in summer in Beijing is cooler than in Shanghai . A. this B. it C. that D. one 5. In our English study reading is more important than speaking , I think .      I dont agree . Speaking is reading .A. as important as B. so important asC. the most importantD. th

35、e same as 6. Can you understand me ?      Sorry , I can understand you . A. hardly B. almost C. nearly D. ever 7. Youd better not go out now . Its raining .  It doesnt matter . My new coat can keep rain . A. in B. of C. with D. off 8. How did you try to get to school on

36、 time you missed the school bus ? A. when B. if C. once D. that 9. You go and ask Meimei . She know the answer . A. must , can B. must , may C. need , can D. can , may 10. I saw Betty go to Grandpa Zhangs home just now .        Yes , she is often seen the old man w

37、ith his housework . A. help B. to help C. helps D. helped 11. My watch doesnt work . I must have it . A. repaired B. repairs C. repair D. repairing 12. She usually to work on foot but today she by bike . A. go , going B. goes , is going C. is go , is going D. goes , going 13. Where you your ticket ?    I it on the floor .A. have , found , founded B. did , find , founded C. did , found , found D. did , find , found 14. You may go fishing if your work . A. is done B. will be done C. has done D.