小學(xué)英語(yǔ)四年級(jí)上學(xué)期M1-10知識(shí)小結(jié)

1、Module 1句型：1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)特殊疑問(wèn)句的問(wèn)答，注意第三人稱單數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的特殊變化：- Where do you live?- I live in Beijing.- Where does she live?- She lives in London.易錯(cuò)：學(xué)生經(jīng)常忘記三單作主語(yǔ)時(shí)動(dòng)詞（加s或es）和助動(dòng)詞（does或doesnt）的特殊變化。2. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)特殊疑問(wèn)句的問(wèn)答，注意be動(dòng)詞隨人稱所發(fā)生的變化：- What are you doing?- I am reading a book.- What is she doing?- She is reading a letter.-

2、 What are they doing?- They are playing football.易錯(cuò)：(1) 不同人稱與be動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在式三種形式am, is, are的搭配容易產(chǎn)生混淆；(2) 對(duì)you提問(wèn)時(shí)，回答需要用I或we; (3) 動(dòng)詞原形加ing的三種方式： 直接加；去e加，例如make-making；雙寫加，例如run-running.3. be動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式相關(guān)句型：It was my birthday on Saturday.We were at Buckingham Palace.易錯(cuò)：學(xué)生有時(shí)還是容易忽略掉過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)這個(gè)概念。4. I have got / She has got

3、易錯(cuò)：三單作主語(yǔ)用has got，非三單作主語(yǔ)用have got，學(xué)生有時(shí)還會(huì)產(chǎn)生混淆。搭配：1.live in London 大地點(diǎn)（例如：國(guó)家、城市等）前用in，小地點(diǎn)（例如：家、機(jī)場(chǎng)等）前用at。2.書信格式：Dear XXX,From,XXX3.a photo of, a picture of 一張的照片4.on my birthday 在具體的某一天，介詞用onin April 在某月，介詞用in5.write to me 寫給某人，介詞用to6.tell me about 告訴某人關(guān)于的事，表“關(guān)于”介詞用about7.thank you for your letter 因?yàn)槟呈露?/p>

4、感謝某人，表示“因?yàn)椤苯樵~用for.Module2句型：一般過(guò)去時(shí)句子（肯定句）表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，規(guī)則動(dòng)詞+ed變?yōu)檫^(guò)去式（以字母e結(jié)尾的規(guī)則動(dòng)詞+d）。Yesterday, I cleaned my room.I washed my trousers. They were very dirty.Yesterday, Mr Smart cooked noodles.搭配：1. clean my/your/his/her/our/your/their /s room 打掃的房間2. finish my/your/his/her/our/your/their/s homework

5、完成的作業(yè)3. wash my/your/his/her/our/your/their/s trousers/clothes 洗的褲子/衣服4. phone sb. 打電話給某人 Module 3句型：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)句子和一般過(guò)去時(shí)句子的對(duì)比：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):描述現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常做的事情或事實(shí) 一般過(guò)去時(shí):描述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情（一般情況動(dòng)詞用原形，三單作主語(yǔ)時(shí)動(dòng)詞加s或es） （肯定句中動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，規(guī)則變化是加ed， 以e結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞直接加d；否定句中用助動(dòng)詞didnt + 動(dòng)詞原形） I usually get up at six. I didnt get up at six yesterday. I got

6、up at eight yesterday.Lingling usually walks to school on Mondays. Lingling didnt walk to school yesterday. She stayed at home. 易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)句子中，學(xué)生容易忘記三單作主語(yǔ)與其他人稱作主語(yǔ)時(shí)動(dòng)詞形的區(qū)別，要么所有人稱都用原形，要么都加s。一般過(guò)去時(shí)肯定句中，學(xué)生容易忘記用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式；否定句中，容易在助動(dòng)詞didnt后也用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。搭配：1. “在幾點(diǎn)“，時(shí)間前用介詞at: 例如：get up at half past six2. walk to 走著去 也可

7、以說(shuō)是go to on foot.3. play with the/my/his/her/their toys 玩的玩具 （介詞with 容易忘記）4. ride a/my/his/her/s bike 騎自行車Module 4句型： 一般過(guò)去時(shí)句子表示很久以前發(fā)生的事情，肯定句中動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，規(guī)則動(dòng)詞+ed變?yōu)檫^(guò)去式（以字母e結(jié)尾的規(guī)則動(dòng)詞+d），否定句用助動(dòng)詞didnt + 動(dòng)詞原形。Chinese people invented paper.American people didnt invent printing. （易錯(cuò)：有時(shí)孩子會(huì)出現(xiàn)didnt + 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的錯(cuò)誤。）搭配：1.

8、look at 看2. in 1839 “在某年”，年份前用介詞“in”3. 國(guó)家名和相對(duì)應(yīng)的“國(guó)家的”、“國(guó)家的人”、“國(guó)家的語(yǔ)言”的辨析：例如： China - ChineseAmerica - AmericanEngland - EnglishMexico - MexicanIndia - IndianFrance - FrenchRussia - RussianModule 5句型：一般過(guò)去時(shí)句子表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，肯定句中動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，否定句用didnt + 動(dòng)詞原形。本模塊主要講動(dòng)詞的不規(guī)則變化，不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式需要個(gè)別記憶。We went to the Great Wall.

9、(go went)We saw lots of mountains. (see saw)We ate biscuits and apples. (eat ate)You had a good time. (have had)We bought you a present. (buy bought)I wore warm clothes. (wear wore)I fell over. (fall fell)I learnt to skate. (learn learnt/learned)I didnt fall over again.搭配：1. go to + 地點(diǎn) “去”例如：go to t

10、he Great Wall; go to the park; go to the zoo; go to school（易錯(cuò)：“去上學(xué)”go to school, 容易錯(cuò)加the）2. go on a school trip 3. go ice-skating 去滑冰4. learn to do sth. 學(xué)習(xí)做例如：learn to skate例如：learn skating; learn EnglishModule 6句型：1.一般過(guò)去時(shí)肯定句，注意動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式（包括be動(dòng)詞和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞）的規(guī)則和不規(guī)則變化。例：Ma Liang was a good boy.Ma Liang painted f

11、ood.He had a paintbrush.2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)否定句，注意didnt + 動(dòng)詞原形。例：This woman didnt have food.搭配：3.paint gold with the magic paintbrush 介詞with表示“使用作為工具”。4.takeaway “把帶走，把拿走”，過(guò)去式為tookaway例：The bad man took Ma Liang away.5.run away- ran away(過(guò)去式) “跑掉，跑開”。例：Georgy Porgy ran away.e back-came back(過(guò)去式) “回來(lái)”例：He didnt c

12、ome back.e out-came out(過(guò)去式) “出來(lái)” 例：The boys came out to play.Module 7句型：1.一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般疑問(wèn)句的問(wèn)答：- Did you/he/she/they/Tom+ 動(dòng)詞原形?-Yes, I/he/she/they/Tom did. / No, I/he/she/they/Tom didnt.注意：雖然此句型表述的是過(guò)去的事情，但助動(dòng)詞did后要接動(dòng)詞原形。2.There be句型過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的表達(dá)：- How manys were there?-There was one/a / There weres.注意：There be句型

13、的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。（be動(dòng)詞有am, is, are, was, were）There be句型在使用時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下兩個(gè)方面：（1）時(shí)態(tài) 時(shí)態(tài)決定be動(dòng)詞的形式，現(xiàn)在時(shí)用is 或are，過(guò)去時(shí)用was或were ；（2）單復(fù)數(shù) 單復(fù)數(shù)決定名詞的形式，單數(shù)用There is/was one/a +可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式， 或者用There is/was + 不可數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)用There are/were +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。另外還要注意問(wèn)句How manys are/were there? 中用可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。 單復(fù)數(shù)變形不規(guī)則的名詞也需特別注意，如child children。例：a. How many

14、 apples are there? There is one apple. / There are three apples.b. How many children were there? There was one child. / There were three children.搭配：1. want to do 想要做 （want to + 動(dòng)詞原形）2. run away ran away 逃離、跑開Module 8-What/Where/Whendid you/he/they/Amydo/see/eat（動(dòng)詞原形）yesterday?-I/He/They/Amy +動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式此

15、問(wèn)答句型談?wù)摰氖沁^(guò)去發(fā)生的事情。問(wèn)句中用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的助動(dòng)詞did，后接動(dòng)詞原形。答句中用動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式。特殊疑問(wèn)詞要分清：what 什么 when “什么時(shí)候where 哪里 How如何，怎么樣搭配：1. come to 來(lái)到2. come for the music competition “for”表示”為了”music competition 音樂(lè)比賽 （注意competition的拼寫）3. gold cup 金杯、金獎(jiǎng)4. play the flute 吹笛子 （play動(dòng)詞詞組，樂(lè)器前加“the”，運(yùn)動(dòng)前不加“the”）5. practise a lot “a lot”很多英式英語(yǔ)中，“

16、練習(xí)”的動(dòng)詞拼作practise，名詞拼作practice；6. win the competition 贏得比賽7. go to the zoo/the park/school 去動(dòng)物園/公園/學(xué)校（介詞“to”不能少；地點(diǎn)前加“the”，school例外。8. go out 出去9. stay at home 待在家Module 9句型：詢問(wèn)及回答某人過(guò)去發(fā)生了什么：- What happened to you/him/her/them/Tom?- I/He/She/They/Tom.注意：由于是詢問(wèn)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事，所以問(wèn)句中的happened用過(guò)去式；問(wèn)句中人稱作happened to的賓

17、語(yǔ)，所以要用賓格形式（me/you/him/her/it/us/you/them）；答句中的人稱作主語(yǔ)，所以用主格形式（I/you/he/she/it/we/you/they）；答句敘述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。常用搭配：1. happened to + 人 （happened的原形為happen）“發(fā)生到某人身上”，例: What happened to you?也可以說(shuō)：What happened?2. went for a bike ride （原形 go for a bike ride）去騎自行車介詞for表示“為了”這里的ride是名詞，指騎車這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，與我們以前學(xué)過(guò)的ride

18、 a bike中ride作動(dòng)詞有區(qū)別。3. puton“ 把放在上”，例：put the watermelon on his bike; put the book on the desk.注意：put這個(gè)詞原形和過(guò)去式的拼寫和讀音都一樣。4. fell off （原形fall off）“從落/摔下來(lái)”fell on （原形fall on） “落/摔到上”fell over （原形fall over）“摔倒”5. bumped my/his/herhead （bumped原形為bump）撞到的頭6. hurt my/his/her knee 傷到的膝蓋 hurt過(guò)去式還是hurtknee的首字母

19、k不發(fā)音。7. cut my/his/herfinger 割到的手指 cut過(guò)去式還是cut注意：5、6、7這三個(gè)短語(yǔ)用于描述受傷的方式和部位，身體部位的詞可以根據(jù)實(shí)際情況進(jìn)行替換。Module 10句型：1. Whats the matter? “怎么了？發(fā)生什么事了？”“matter”意為“麻煩事”。該句型常用于詢問(wèn)發(fā)生了什么狀況?？梢院?jiǎn)單地問(wèn)“Whats the matter?”也可以問(wèn)如 “Whats the matter with you/him/her/them/Tom?”。注意with后的人稱是作with的賓語(yǔ)，所以人稱代詞應(yīng)該用賓格。本句型和 “What happened (to)?” 意思相近，都是詢問(wèn)發(fā)生了什么事，記憶時(shí)需注意兩句子中介詞的不同。2. Ive got a “我生了病?！痹?have got a=ve got若主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)，have要改為三單形式 has，has got=s got”，如 “Hes/Shes/Toms got a headache.” 另外還要注意病名前的不定冠詞 “a/an” 不