學術(shù)寫作中常用高級用詞替換

1、常用詞的學術(shù)替換動詞替換:1.Improve提高：promotethetradebetweenAandC;HewaspromotedtoAC之間的貿(mào)易Promote:促進.seniormanagerinthiscompanyvastly）Advance:ourunderstandingofhumangeneticshasconsiderably。作常的，可換做advanced.hasenhancedhisreputation.這次宣傳提高/他的名望Enhance:thepublicity改變：2.changethe=說到人口變化：Transform:多指改頭換面，完全改變，不能用于形容slig

2、htchangeindustrylocalandstructureoflandscapeincreasingpopulationhastransformedthe人口劇增改變了小鎮(zhèn)的景色以及當?shù)氐墓I(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)structure.強調(diào)：3.Emphasizelocal）plants可以換作Highlight：thereporthighlightthedeclineinthenumbersofnative（andinsects.Stress:Hestressestheneedforparentstolistentotheirchildren.*Accentuate:thecrisisaccentuat

3、esthegapbetweenrichandpoor是告,訴人們重點，因而能夠讓別人注意，類似highlight（highlightandemphasize的區(qū)別：則和stress于老師勾重點：而emphasize則是使重點清晰，不管別人是否能注意得到。而）差不多emphasize培養(yǎng)：4.Developcultivateamorerelaxedandpositiveway：培養(yǎng)情操：Cultivate:cultivatetheabilityoftowardslife.theseanaturesamplemarineanimals.）養(yǎng)育，同樣可以指培養(yǎng)人才（talentsNurture:破壞

4、：5.Breakimpairability;主要是破壞能力,莫亂用。Impair：這個詞也是指的是抽象意義上的破壞，有逐漸削弱之意，重點是循序漸進的過Undermine程。Undermineone'sability/confidence/authority/position/credibilitythe不能亂用,破壞的東西要上定的等級才能配上此詞。比如JeopardizeJeopardize:processofpeace.破壞和平進程.city特指毀滅、蹂蹈theearthquakedevastatedthewholeDevastate保存6.Keep這個詞用在保護具，protectp

5、rotectPreserveConserve保護資源用的就是這個詞，不要用體的東西07.dealWith解決Tackle:tackletheproblem.比較正來自拉丁語，/problem/issue/crisis危機：/conflictResolve:resolvedispute爭論沖突式。需要8.needxxxrequirescourageandconfidence.：Require用法不簡單，沒有摸透。Necessitate:（這也是個很高級的用法，奧巴馬就用這個【我不曉得奧巴馬咋個用的，原帖是這樣callfor樣的用法：跟need說的，并且callf。也挺正式的】）形容詞替換：普遍的

6、1.Everywhere隨便用Widespread:Drugabuseisespeciallyprevalentamongteenagers.：Prevalentthegardenisoverflewwithcolorsofflowers.:泛濫OverflowRampant:特指有害的東西泛濫，比如疾病，犯罪等，并且難于控制。HintVirusisrampantintheworld.甲流世界泛濫2.Good好的（太多f）Impressive,glorious,amazing,brilliant,incredible,attractive-thedrugisbeneficialtotheimm

7、unesystem.detrimental）Beneficial（反義詞：Advantageousindustry：優(yōu)勢產(chǎn)業(yè)Advantageous:特指有益的。3.Harmful有害的Unfavorable,horrible,disgustingInhumane:沒人性的.）joblousy（I'mfedupwiththelousysevere（severeproblem,illness,injuries.）theirperformanceisabysmal.）低谷：abysmal（.healthDetrimental:smokingisdetrimentaltoyour，完全詰屈瞥

8、牙?！靶皭骸盉aneful:現(xiàn)階段用不到，文學作品里面的富有的4.Richample、AffluentWealthy）!ThereareamyriadofstarsintheMilkyWay.（銀河系好多星星??！貧窮的5.PoorThegreatdepressionhadimpoverishedmanythirdworld（動詞表示使貧窮：Impoverishedanimpoverishedstudent,countries.）ZSerious嚴重的Severe8.Obvious明顯的；Adv.Manifestly.e.g.amanifestlyunfairManifest:amanifest

9、errorjudge明顯判斷失誤system.Evident、Apparent顯然不可能的事。Patent:patentimpossibilities.便宜的9.cheapeconomicallyaffordable而不是單純指某物便宜。經(jīng)濟適用房：經(jīng)濟的，Economical：不浪費，housing3Inexpensive=cheapReasonableprice:價格合理的cReasonable:能夠支付的。Affordable名詞替換：LForefather祖先Predecessor、Ancestor不同2.DifferenceverycommonuseinCET-4/6generati

10、ongapGap（簡單但是牛）溝，；.里面的intolerance(TBBTallergyandfoodDistinction:sharp/cleardistinctionbetween)rash哈哈°,吃peanuts就會腫，長菩麻疹Howard就有l(wèi)actoseintolerancenhealtheschismbetweenclinical”填平兩個分支學科之間的分歧再想牛就用schism。比如)有本書就叫這個。medicineandpublichealth.(犯罪3.Cimecrime都用不到。指道德敗壞，違法行為，為顯示詞匯量可以與Delinquency：般crime連用：犯

11、罪行為CriminalAct環(huán)境4.Environment°情況”Circumstance：underthecircumstances.相當抽象的詞，“Thesurroundingarea.Nearby可與之互換。：Surrounding表示周圍居住的環(huán)境，想當具體。表示大氣層的意思的時候：這兩個詞可替換，但是當atmosphereAtmosphere、Ambience則不能。5.Pollution污染特指被污染的水還不錯：contaminatedwaterContamination:我覺得太裝B了，他的pp人類6.Human以及切表示1：人，農(nóng)民公務(wù)員等等的詞Individual/

12、men/ones/ThehumanraceHumankindHumanity：特別指出，用來表示人性。其他概不要用。雖然也有人之類的意思。7.Danger危險:andnaturetoisahazardwildlifewater：化學、物理危害:隱患：Hazardpollutedsafety/naturehazard.在當今社會8.1nmodernsocietyIncontemporarysocietyInpresent-daysocietyInthisdayandage(這是最牛的說法)；.1 .important=crucial(extremelyimportant)/significant

13、(amountoreffectlargeenoughtobeimportant)2 .common=universal/ubiquitousfifsomethingisubiquitous,itseemstobeeverywhere)3 .abundant=ample(enoughandusuallyextra),plentiful(enoughforpeople'sneedsandwants)4 .stick=adhere/cling(holdonsomethingtightly)5 .neglect=ignore.(difference:neglectmeanssomeonehas

14、notpaidenoughattentiontosomething;ignoremeansnoattention.)6 .near=adjacent(twothingsnexttoeachother),adjoin(thesameasadjacent)7 .pursue=woo(manwooswoman,old-fashioned),seek(ifyouseeksth,youtrytoobtainit.FORMAL)8 .accurate=precise(preciseisexactandaccurateinalldetails),exact(correctineverydetail)9 .v

15、ague=obscure(unknownorknownbyonlyafewpeople)10 .top=peak/summit11 .competitor=rival/opponent(especiallyinsportsandpolitics)12 .blame=condemn(ifyoucondemnsomething,yousayitisverybadandunacceptable)13 .opinon:perspective,standpoint(meanslookingataneventorsituationinaparticularway)14 .fame=prestige(des

16、cribethosewhoareadmired),reputation15 .build=erect(youcanerectsomethingasbuildings,FORMAL),establish1.1 insult=humiliate(dosomethingorsaysomethingwhichmakespeoplefeelashamedorstupid)17 .complain=grumble(complainsomethinginabad-temperedway)18 .primary=radical(veryimportantandgreatindegree),fundamenta

17、l19 .relieve=alleviate(alleviatemeansyoumakepainorsufferingslessintenseorsevere)20 .force=coercesinto(coercemeansyoumakesomeonedosomethings/hedoesnotwantto),compel21 .enlarge=magnify(magnifymeansmakesomethinglargerthanitreallyis)22 .complex=intricate(ifsomethingisintricate,itoftenhasmanysmallpartsan

18、ddetails)23 .Lonely=solitary(ifsomeoneissolitary,thereisnoonenearhim/her24 .small=minuscule(verysmall),minute,25 .praise=extol(strongerthanpraise),compliment(politeandpolitical)26 .hard-working=assiduous(someonewhoisassiduousworkshardordoesthingsverythoroughly27 .difficult=arduous(ifsomethingisarduo

19、us,itisdifficultandtiring,andinvolvesalotofefforts)28 .poor(soil)=barrenzinfertile(usedtodescribethesoilissopoorthatplantscannotbeplantedonit)29 .fragile=brittle,vulnerable(someonewhoisvulnerableiseasilyhurtemotionallyorphysically)30 .show=demonstrate(todemonstrateafactmeanstpmakeitcleartopeople.)31

20、 .big=massive(largeinsize,quantity,orextent),colossal(usethisword,youemphasizesomething'slarge),tremendous(INFORMAL)32 .avoid=shun(ifsomeoneshunssomething,s/hedeliberatelyavoidthatsomethingorkeepawa；.yfromit.)33 .fair=impartial(someonewhoisimpartialisabletogiveafairopinionordecisiononsomething.)

21、34 .attack=assault(physicallyattacksomeone),assail(attackviolently35 .dislike=abhor(abhormeansyouhatesomethingtoaextremeextentformoralreasons),loathe(dislikeverymuch)!36 .ruin=devastate(itmeansdamagesomethingverybadly,orutterlydestroyit.)37 .always=invariably(thesameasalways,butbetterthanalways)38 .

22、forever=perpetual(aperpetualstateneverchanges),immutable(somethingimmutablewillneverchangeorbechanged)39 .surprise=startle(itmeanssurpriseyouslightly),astound(surpriseyoutoalargedegreej.astonishfthesameasastound)40 .enthusiasm=zeal(agreatenthusiasm),fervency(sincereandenthusiasm)41 .quiet=tranquil(c

23、almandpeaceful),serene(calmandquiet)!42 .expensive=exorbitant(itmeanstooexpensivethatitshouldbe)43.luxurious=lavish(impressiveandveryexpensive),sumptuous(grandandveryexpensive44 .boring=tedious(ifyoudescribesomethingtedious,youmeanitisboringandfrustrating)46 .respect=esteem(ifyouesteemsomeone,youres

24、pectandadmirehim/her.FORMAL)47 .worry=fret(ifyoufretaboutsomething,youworryaboutit)48 .cold=chilly(unpleasantlycold),icy(extremelycold)49 .hot=boiling(veryhot50.dangerous=perilous(verydangerous,hazardousfdangerous,especiallytopeople'ssafetyandhealth)51.nowadays=currently52.1 nly=unique(theonlyon

25、eofitskind),distinctive;53.5 top=cease(ifsomethingceases,itstopshappeningorexisting)54.part=component(thecomponentsofsomethingarethepartsthatitismadeof)55.result=consequence(theresultsoreffectsofsomething)56.obvious=apparent/manifest57 .basedon=derivedfromcanseeornoticethemveryeasily)58 .quite=fairl

26、y59 .pathetic=lamentable(veryuncomfortableanddisappointing)60 .field=domain(aparticularfieldofthought,activitiesorinterest)61 .appear=emerge(comeintoexistence)62 .whole=entire(thewholeofsomething)63 .wet=moist(slightlywet),damp(slightlywet),humid(verydampandhot)!64 .wrong=erroneous(incorrectorpartly

27、correct)65 .difficult=formidable66 .change=convert(changeintoanotherform)67 .typical=quintessential(thiswordmeansrepresentatypicalexampleofsomething)68 .careful=cautious(verycarefulinordertoavoiddanger),prudent(carefulandsensible)69 .ability=capacityzcapability(thesameasability)70 .strange=eccentric

28、(ifsomeoneiseccentric,s/hebehavesinastrangeway,orhis/heropinionis；.differentfrommostpeople)71.rich=affluent(ifyouareaffluent,youhavealotofmoney)72.use=utilize(thesameasuse)73.dubious=skeptical(ifyouareskepticalaboutsomething,youhavedoubtsonit.)74.satisfy=gratify(ifyouaregratifiedbysomething,itgivesy

29、oupleasureandsatisfaction)75.short=fleeting/ephemeral(ifsomethingisephemeral,itlastsashorttime)76.scholarship=fellowship77 .angry=enraged(extremelyangry)78 .smelly=malodorous(usedtodescribeanunpleasantsmell)79 .ugly=hideous(ifsomethingishideous,itisveryuglyorunattractive)80 .attractive=appealing(pleasingandattractive),absorbing(somethingabsorbingcanattractyouagreatdeal)81 .diverse=miscellaneous(amiscellaneousgroupsconsistsofmanydifferentkindsofthings)82 .disorder=disarr