動(dòng)詞不定式用法小結(jié)

1、    動(dòng)詞不定式用法 動(dòng)詞不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句中不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)。但動(dòng)詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞特征，在句中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)等多種成分。另外，動(dòng)詞不定式具有動(dòng)詞特點(diǎn)，可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，組成動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞不定式的肯定形式是todo；其否定形式是not todo。 下面以動(dòng)詞不定式在句中的作用來(lái)予以詳細(xì)說(shuō)明。 1作主語(yǔ) 可以直接作主語(yǔ)。如： To see is to believe 但在英語(yǔ)中，常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)即動(dòng)詞不定式放在后面。如： It's wrong to play tricks o

2、n other people It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy 點(diǎn)擊規(guī)律：動(dòng)詞不定式在句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常放在It is adj（形容詞）to do sth或 It is n（名詞）to do sth句型中，it僅作形式主語(yǔ)。 2作賓語(yǔ) awant，decide ，agree等動(dòng)詞后面跟并且只能跟不定式。如： We agreed to start early She wants to be a doctor blove，like ，begin，start，hate ，prefer等詞后面可以接不定式。 點(diǎn)擊規(guī)律：上述動(dòng)

3、詞后面除接不定式外，還可以接動(dòng)名詞，意思無(wú)很大區(qū)別。 提示板：like doing指經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作，而like to do指一次性的動(dòng)作。如： I like swimming，but I don't like to swim now我喜歡游泳，但我現(xiàn)在不想游。 cstop，forget，remember，go on ，try等詞或短語(yǔ)后面可以接不定式。 點(diǎn)擊規(guī)律：上述動(dòng)詞后面接不定式和接動(dòng)名詞意思大不相同。 提示板： 1）stop to do sth：停止一件事，去做另一件事。 stop doing sth：停止正在做的事。 例句：When the teacher came in，the

4、students stopped talking；when he came out，the students stopped to talk 當(dāng)老師走進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，學(xué)生們停止說(shuō)話；當(dāng)老師走出去時(shí)，學(xué)生們又開(kāi)始說(shuō)話。 2）思考：forget，remember，go on，try等詞或短語(yǔ)后面接不定式和動(dòng)名詞用法有何區(qū)別？ d在findfeelitadjto do sth句型中，it是形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式。如： The man downstairs found it difficult to get to sleep I feel it easy to recite the text

5、點(diǎn)擊規(guī)律：某些動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)后面既可以接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，又可接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，二者用法上的區(qū)別可以通過(guò)造句子加以區(qū)分，如上面stop例句。 3作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) atell，ask，want，order，teach，invite，warn，wish，help，get，wish，help等詞后面常接不定式作賓補(bǔ)。如： I tell him not to go there by bus Edison's mother taught him to read and write blet，make，have，see，hear，feel，watch， notice后面接不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。如： The

6、 boss makes them work 16 hours a day I heard her sing in the next room 提示板：若變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，在上述結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式符號(hào)to要加上。如： They are made to work 16 hours a day by the boss She was heard to sing in the next room 4作定語(yǔ)：放在被修飾的名詞、代詞后面 例句：I have a lot of work to do The doctor said he could do nothing to help the boy 點(diǎn)擊規(guī)律：動(dòng)詞

7、不定式若在句中作定語(yǔ)，常放在被修飾的名詞、代詞之后。 提示板：如果動(dòng)詞不定式和前面所修飾的詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，若動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，切記不要忘掉介詞。如： I have a small bedroom to live in Have you got some pens to write with？ 5表語(yǔ)：放在連系動(dòng)詞be后面 例句：His wish is to become a scientist The first important thing is to save the soldiers' lives 當(dāng)務(wù)之急是搶救戰(zhàn)士們的生命。 點(diǎn)擊規(guī)律：動(dòng)詞不定式在句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常對(duì)連系動(dòng)詞

8、前面的名詞進(jìn)行詮釋說(shuō)明。 6作狀語(yǔ) a目的狀語(yǔ)：放在go，come，use，live，in order等詞后面。如： I come to see you He runs fast in order to get there in time b原因狀語(yǔ)：放在sorry，glad，surprised， disappointed，excited等詞后面。如： I am glad to see you here I am sorry to trouble you c作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。如： Some of the apples are hard to reach The room is large enoug

9、h to hold 1000 people 7與what，who，whose，when，where， how等疑問(wèn)詞連用，作賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)等。 如： I don't know what to do next（賓語(yǔ)） He taught us how to use the computer（賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)） It's still a question how to get there（主語(yǔ)）    【模擬試題】（答題時(shí)間：30分鐘）    一. 選擇填空：    1. He asked me _

10、here earlier.    A. come         B. to come             C. coming             D. came    2. Please tell him _

11、on the wall.    A. dont draw        B. to not draw        C. not to draw              D. not draw    3. He wanted _ a cup of tea. 

12、   A. to have              B. having        C. have          D. had    4. Id like _ a word with you.    A. had 

13、;           B. having        C. to have              D. have    5. I came here _ my uncle.    A. saw   &#

14、160;       B. to see         C. seeing        D. to be seen    6. The man refused （拒絕）_ back his words.    A. to take        

15、      B. taking         C. took           D. takes    7. I can let you _ one ticket.    A. to have         

16、60;    B. have           C. having        D. had    8. We often heard him _ in his room.    A. to sing           &#

17、160;  B. sings          C. sang          D. sing    9. He was made _ day and night.    A. work         B. working   

18、0;        C. to work             D. worked    10. He stopped _ a look, but saw nothing.    A. having        B. to have   

19、0;          C. have          D. had    11. My father was too angry _ a word.    A. to say        B. not to say      

20、;    C. to saying           D. didnt say    12. My brother was old enough _ to school.    A. went          B. goes       

21、0;   C. going         D. to go    13. It is time _ him _ supper.    A. of, to have         B. for, to have        C. of, having   

22、       D. for, to has    14. Its very kind _ you _ me.    A. of, to help         B. for, to help         C. of, help       &#

23、160;     D. of, helping    15. Its important _ our classroom clean every day.    A. kept           B. to keep              C. to give&#

24、160;             D. keep    16. Before liberation （解放）they had no chance _ to school.    A. went          B. go         

25、     C. to go          D. to be gone    17. He said he had an important meeting _.    A. attend        B. would attend        

26、0;    C. attending           D. to attend    18. Please give me a piece of paper _.    A. to write             B. to write on   &#

27、160;     C. writing              D. to write it    19. I dont know _.    A. what do            B. what will do   &#

28、160;          C. what to do         D. do what    20. Your radio needs _.    A. to be repaired     B. to repair        &

29、#160;   C. repaired             D. to repairing    21. My wish is _ a teacher.    A. becoming          B. to become      

30、0;  C. become             D. became    22. I want _ him a letter now.    A. to write             B. not write      

31、     C. write          D. wrote    23. It took us three days _ the trees.    A. plant          B. planted         &

32、#160;    C. to plant             D. plants    24. Why not _ here _ me?    A. to come, to see      B. come, to see       C. came, seeing 

33、;      D. come, see    25. He wishes me _ my best _ hard at English.    A. to do, to work      B. doing, working      C. to do, working     D. do, work 

34、60;  26. Please tell me _ her. I have something _ her.    A. where to find, telling         B. where to find, to tell    C. where can find, to tell        D. where finding, telling 

35、;   27. How happy they are _ each other again!    A. to see         B. see             C. saw           D. being seen &#

36、160;  28. They decided （決心）_ a letter _ their thanks.    A. to write, expressing（表達(dá)）    B. writing, express    C. write, expressed    D. to write, to express    29. The officer ordered （命令）him _ down _ a rest.  

37、;  A. lying, have    B. to lie, to have     C. to lie, having     D. lie, had    30. The headmaster called on （號(hào)召）us _ hard for our country.    A. to work        

38、60;    B. worked             C. work         D. to working    二. 根據(jù)上句意思完成下句，使兩句意思相近或相同，每空一詞。    1. He was so angry that he couldnt say anything.  

39、;     He was too angry _ _ anything.    2. I dont know when we will have the meeting.       I dont know when _ _ the meeting.    3. He said he would write a letter.       He said he would have a

40、letter _ _.    4. That you read English in the morning is very important.       It is very important _ you _ _ English in the morning.    5. He was so strong that he could lift the stone. （石頭）       He was stro

41、ng _ _ _ the stone.    6. His father went to Beijing for his holiday.       His father went to Beijing _ _ his holiday.    7. They got up early so that they could get there in time.       They got up early _ _ _ _ t

42、here in time.    8. His brother decided that he would buy the book.       His brother decided _ _ the book.    9. He hopes that he can visit the Great Wall.       He hopes _ _ the Great Wall.    10.I saw h

43、im go into the room.       He was seen _ _ into the room.    11.We made him work five hours a day.       He was made _ _ five hours a day.    12.Do you want to say anything for yourself?    

44、   Do you have anything _ _ for yourself?    13.We dont know what we shall do next.       We dont know what _ _ next.    14.Im very sorry on hearing the bad news.       Im very sorry _ _ the bad news.    15.He stopped and had a look at me.       He stopped _ _