名詞性從句知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)圖解.

1、名詞性從句講解學(xué)案制作人：趙慧玲楊秀榮審核：李秀麗使用日期：3 月5日定義：在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞從句(Noun Clauses). 名詞性從句包括主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ) ,表語(yǔ) ,同位語(yǔ)從句 . 名詞性從句中使用陳述句語(yǔ)序。 從屬連詞that; whether; if(只起引導(dǎo)從句的作用，在從句中不做句子成分） 連接代詞what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, whic h, 等 . 在從句1.分類(lèi) 連接副詞中做主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)等句子成分。when, where, how, why, whenever, however, wh

2、erever 等在從句中做狀語(yǔ)成分。引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞2. 名詞性從句的連接詞選用原則：“缺什么就補(bǔ)什么”I know what he is talking about.(從句中缺賓語(yǔ) ,指物 )Do you know who he is? (從句中缺表語(yǔ),指人 )Where he will go is unknown.(從句中缺地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))I m sure that they will come tomorrow.(從句中什么都不缺I don t knowwhich book I should choose.(從句中缺定語(yǔ))定義：充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)功能的句子叫主語(yǔ)從句That she was cho

3、sen made a great stir (轟動(dòng) ) in her school.名 主語(yǔ)從句詞注意 : it 作形式主語(yǔ)的that- 從句有以下四種不同的搭配關(guān)系：It + be + 形容詞 + that- 從句It is necessary / important that 是.有必要/ 重要的.It + be + -ed分詞 + that- 從句It is universally acknowledged that./It is known that眾所 周知It + be + 名詞 + that- 從句It is common knowledge/ a fact that是常識(shí) /事

4、實(shí)It + 不及物動(dòng)詞 + that- 分句It happens that碰巧 . / It occurs to sb.that突然想起 It作形式主語(yǔ)和it 引導(dǎo)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的比較強(qiáng)調(diào)句 ： It is in the morning that the murder took place.( 去掉該結(jié)構(gòu)后 ,句子成分完整)主語(yǔ)從句 ： It was a pity that you shouldn t go to see the film.（在句子中作主語(yǔ)成分） whatever /whichever/ whoever 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別 Whatever 是 what 的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式表示“無(wú)論什么 ”相

5、當(dāng)于anything that從Whatever / Anything that she does is wrong.whoever是 who 的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式，表示無(wú)論誰(shuí) 相當(dāng)于anyone who.句everWhoever / Anyone who walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold. whichever 無(wú)論哪個(gè) ;無(wú)論哪些 ,既指人 ,又指物 . 可修飾名詞與Whichever book you borrowdoesn t matter to us.Whichever of us fulfills his task will

6、 lend a hand to others.of 連用定義：在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)功能的句子叫賓語(yǔ)從句We can learn what we didn tknow.We find it necessary that we (should) practice English every day. 某些作表語(yǔ)的形容詞，如sure, happy, glad, certain等之后可帶賓語(yǔ)從句I am glad that you can come and help me.賓語(yǔ)從句注意：wish/would rather 后的賓語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。I wish I had finished my ho

7、mework yesterday.I d ratheryou had been there yesterday 在表示建議 , 命令 ,請(qǐng)求的詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)中用should + V, should可以省略His pale face suggested that he was ill so I suggested that he should go to see the doctor.He insisted that he was innocent and insisted that he should be set free. 注意 it作形式賓語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)We all thought it

8、a pity that we had missed the lesson.I took it for granted that they were not coming. that一般不接介詞賓語(yǔ)，偶爾可作except, in的賓語(yǔ)；其它介詞后面需用it作形式賓語(yǔ)He differs from his roommates in that he devoted his spare time to reading.He knows nothing about Jim except that he is from London.You can depend on it that he will he

9、lp you in time of emergency.表示好惡的動(dòng)詞如like; hate; love;enjoy; dislike; appreciate等后面不能直接跟賓語(yǔ)；I like it when the weather is sunny.I hate it when someone is later for my class.定義：充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)功能的句子被叫做表語(yǔ)從句。復(fù)習(xí)系動(dòng)詞的概念和類(lèi)別！The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.表語(yǔ)從句注意：reason 后面的表語(yǔ)從句只能

10、用that,不能用why 引導(dǎo) . The reason is that（ because × )The reason why we didnttrust him is that he has often lied.(該句型中why引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句)定義：同位語(yǔ)從句跟在名詞后面，進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容.這些名詞主要是表示抽象概念的詞如news, promise, idea, truth; possibility; statement; warning; advice 等f(wàn)act,同位語(yǔ)的引導(dǎo)詞有that; whether; why; who; where; how其他連詞具有實(shí)際

11、意思，同時(shí)在同位語(yǔ)中作句子成分。等；其中that和 whether只起引導(dǎo)作用同位語(yǔ)從句The news that China broken the world record in the Olympic Games has cheered all of us.The question why so many people would choose to live in the countryside but to work in the city is stillunder discussion. ( why引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句解釋說(shuō)明中心語(yǔ)question 的內(nèi)容；且why 在從句中作狀語(yǔ)注意：

12、只起引導(dǎo)作用時(shí)，連接詞用that 而不用 which)Where did you get the idea that she could not come. 同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別：就看 that 在作引導(dǎo)的從句中是否做句子成分The suggestion that he raised at the meeting is very important.（ that 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ) )The suggestion that the students should have plenty of exercise is very good.(that 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句)名No matter+whwh+e

13、ver 區(qū)別在名詞性從句當(dāng)中只能用wh, 在引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句兩者可以互換.He will believe whatever others say.(劃線部分部分為名詞性從句，不能互換Whatever others say, he will believe it.(劃線部分為狀語(yǔ)從句，可以互換)Whoever walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold.(不可互換 )詞性 原則：能用if 的情況，都能用whether 表“是否” 在表語(yǔ) , 同位語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)(置于句首時(shí) )從句時(shí)只用whether表“是否”從句Whether / if區(qū)別T

14、he question is whether the film is worth seeing.（表語(yǔ)從句）I have no idea whether we should go to the party.（同位語(yǔ)從句）Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn t been decided yet(主.語(yǔ)從句句首 ) It hasntbeen decided yet if we shall attend the meeting.It is doubtful whether / if he will come here.(主語(yǔ)從句，句末時(shí)可互換) 形容詞；

15、介詞； discuss后的賓語(yǔ)從句中只用whether 表“是否”幾個(gè)難點(diǎn)It depends on whether you can do the work well.(介詞賓語(yǔ) )The students are discussing whether they will go out for a picnic this Sunday.I am not sure whether he will come here or not.(形容詞的賓語(yǔ)) whether 與 to do； whether 與 or 或 or not 的搭配The question is whether to stay o

16、r leave.Do you mind whether a man or woman does the job.：主語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，同位語(yǔ)從句中that不能省略TheThat they are good at English is known to all.（主語(yǔ)從句）The problem is that we don t have enough money. （表語(yǔ)從句）fact that there are stillmany people sufferingfrom povertyis reallyproblem to the Chinese government.(同位語(yǔ)從句 )a gre

17、at關(guān)于that的省略：在賓語(yǔ)從句中that 在以下幾種情況中不能省略做介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)that不能省略I know nothing about my neighbor except that he used to work abroad. 由 it 作形式賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，that 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，that 不可省略We all consideritimportant that every student (should) be treated properly. 句子含多個(gè)并列句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)第二和以后幾個(gè)從句的that 不可省略Everyone knew what happened andthatshe w

18、as worried. 賓語(yǔ)從句被隔開(kāi)時(shí)，that不能省略I never doubt, under any circumstance,thathe will study hard. 如果名詞性從句中又含有從句，此時(shí)that不能省略Keep in mind that if you want others to respect you, you must respect others first.(that 不能省略，后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中含有一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句)1用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空 _the college will take in more new students this year is true 今

19、年這所大學(xué)將招收更多新生是真的。 _ he can finish his task on time is of great importance 他是否能按時(shí)完成任務(wù)非常重要。It is quite _ that the whole project is doomed to failure 很清楚，整個(gè)計(jì)劃注定要失敗。It is our _ that the two sides will work towards peace 我們的希望是雙方能朝著和平的方向發(fā)展。_ is announced that the plan has been successfully carried out據(jù)宣布計(jì)

20、劃已經(jīng)順利實(shí)施。 _ we can t get seems better than what we already have我們得不到的東西似乎比我們擁有的東西好。 _ the letter was from is still unknown 這封信是誰(shuí)寄出的還不清楚。 _ of you gets here first will get the prize 你們當(dāng)中第一個(gè)到達(dá)這里的人將獲得獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。_dinosaurs suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery恐龍為什么突然消失了還是個(gè)謎。Let me know _or not you can come請(qǐng)讓我知道你是否能來(lái)。We are interested in _ you will attend the meeting 我們對(duì)你是否參加會(huì)議感興趣。 She asked me _ handwriting was the best in the class她問(wèn)我班上誰(shuí)的書(shū)法最好。 I ll just say _comes into my mind我想到什么就說(shuō)什么。Do you know _ the ancien