廣東省高考英語作文專題四議論文型讀寫任務

1、專題四 議論文型 讀寫任務寫議論文要抓住文章的主要信息點,剔除細節(jié)信息是寫摘要的基本要求。 議論文的內(nèi)容包括 “ 觀點 (或問題 、論據(jù)、結(jié)論 ” 三個方面,所以摘要就是把 這三個方面說清楚。重點詮釋:1. 議論文是以議論為主要表達方式的一種文體,它通過擺事實,講道理的方式來辯明是非 曲折,從而表達出作者的觀點。它常由論點,論據(jù)和論證三部分構(gòu)成。2. 在近幾年的高考書面表達中,其主要命題形式是以表格式和提綱式來呈現(xiàn)寫作材料的。3. 它要求語言必須簡練,準確,要盡可能避免使用口語,多用書面語,可適當使用名言警 句;以議論為主,輔之以敘述,說明和描寫等手法。4. 寫作時要圍繞中心論點展開議論,即論

2、據(jù)和論證要圍繞論點展開。根據(jù)題目要求,有時 需要從正反兩面來論述,可增強論證的力度。最后,可得出結(jié)論,照應開頭,形成一個 有機的整體。5. 寫作時常以三段式的形式展開議論。注意 :議論文的主體部分是論證的過程,論據(jù)占有很大的部分,但在寫摘 要的時候, 不需要詳細寫論證的過程, 因為它有很多細節(jié)信息, 而細節(jié)信息是寫 摘要所應該剔除的,所以議論文的摘要應當將 “ 觀點、論據(jù)、結(jié)論 ” 三個方面同等 對待。(一 審讀閱讀材料 尋找作者的觀點、論據(jù)和結(jié)論 (二 概括原文觀點 轉(zhuǎn)述作者的觀點、論據(jù)和結(jié)論 (三 提出自己觀點 贊成或反對 (四 論證自己觀點 用事例論證自己的觀點 (五 結(jié)論例題:2010

3、·廣東 閱讀下面的短文,然后按照要求寫一篇 150詞左右的英語短 文。In junior high school, one of my classmates, Ethan, was addicted to TV. This boy simply knew everything about such po p shows as Whos the Boss? Then one day Ethans mother made him an offer in order todraw him back to his school subjects. She promised that she

4、would give him $200 if he could go a full month without watching any TV. None of us thought Ethan could do it, but he did quit TV. His mom paid him $200.He went out and bought a TV, the biggest he could find.In recent years, hundreds of schools have carried out experiments with paying kids with cash

5、 for showing up or getting good grades. All school kids admire this trend. But it upsets adults. Teachers say that we are rewarding kids for doing what they should be doing of their own will.Psychologists warnthat money can actually make kids perform worse by making the act of learning cheap. The de

6、bate has become a typical battle over why our kids are not learning at the ratethey should be despite decades of reforms and budget increases.寫作內(nèi)容 1.以約 30個詞概括上文的主要內(nèi)容。2.以約 120個詞對用金錢鼓勵孩子學習的現(xiàn)象進行議論,內(nèi)容包括:(1你對用金錢鼓勵孩子學習的看法。(2你的父母 (或其他親人 是如何鼓勵你學習的。(3你認為怎樣才能更好地鼓勵孩子學習。寫作要求 1. 作文中可以使用親身經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事,也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi) 容,但

7、不得直接引用原文中的句子。2. 作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實姓名和學校名稱。評分標準 概括準確,語言規(guī)范,內(nèi)容合適,語篇連貫。閱讀下面的短文,然后按照要求寫一篇 150詞左右的英語短文。Competition and CooperationCompetition is common in our daily life now, and it exists everywhere. But it is very important. We always expect to do better than others in study, sports, and business and so on. It i

8、s believed that in a certain sense competition can propel the advancement of our society.For example, to build a skyscraper we need the combined efforts of the workers, or a beautiful blueprint would never be turned into a high building. A cooperative architect will not shut himself in his office. I

9、nstead, he will visit the construction site and talk with other engineers and the workers to solve the problems that occur in the process of construction. A cooperative worker bears in mind the designs of the engineers every moment he is on the scaffold. A smart building is the crystallization of co

10、llective wisdom and skills.On the other hand, competition is also important in modern society. If you were a businessman and want customers to buy your products, you have to compete with others. If you want to find a good job you have to be competitive. Whats more, by attempting to compete at differ

11、ent activities, we learn to win and to lose. We learn our strengths and weaknesses.Cooperation and competition are closely related. Actually both of them are required in many activities. For instance, in learning English, we compete with each other. As a result, we all make great progress. But in th

12、e meantime, our study also demands teamwork. We often help each other by pointing out each others mistakes and exchanging ideas.寫作內(nèi)容 1.以約 30個詞概括短文的要點。2.然后以約 120個詞就 “ 競爭與合作 ” 的主題發(fā)表看法,并包括如下要 點:(1競爭是我們生活中的一種普遍現(xiàn)象。(2競爭和合作是密不可分的。(3我的看法。寫作要求 1. 作文中可以使用親身經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事,也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi) 容,但不得直接引用原文中的句子。2. 作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實姓名和學

13、校名稱。評分標準 概括準確,語言規(guī)范,內(nèi)容合適,語篇連貫。閱讀下面的短文,然后按照要求寫一篇 150詞左右的英語短文。There are two factors which determine an individuals intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an

14、 individual will have a low intelligence unless he has opportunitiesto learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual the sort of the environment in which he is brought up. If an individual is handicapped(受阻礙 environmentally, it is likely that his brain will stop developing and he wil

15、l never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individuals intelligence can be proved by the identical twins, Peter and John. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster(寄養(yǎng)的 homes.

16、Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities.John, however, was educated in the home well-to-do parents who had been to college. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given test

17、s to measure their intelligence. Johns IQ was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his brother.寫作內(nèi)容 1.以約 30個詞概括短文的要點。2.然后以約 120個詞就 “ 環(huán)境與人的智力發(fā)展 ” 的主題發(fā)表看法,并包 括如下要點:(1你是否贊同 “ 環(huán)境決定人的智力發(fā)展 ” 這一觀點?為什么?(2請舉出具體事例說明你的觀點。(3你認為如何才能最大限度地發(fā)展智力?寫作要求 1. 作文中可以使用親身經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事

18、,也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi) 容,但不得直接引用原文中的句子。2. 作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實姓名和學校名稱。評分標準 概括準確,語言規(guī)范,內(nèi)容合適,語篇連貫。除了這些,要緊靠主題,從環(huán)境入手,闡述你對如何才能最大限度地發(fā)展 智力的看法。例題:2010·廣東 【參考范文】The passage is mainly about parents giving money to their children so that they can show up or get good grades recently by the way of taking the example of Ethan and

19、 his mother.But to their surprise, almost all parents have received the same embarrassing result, which was out of their expectation.I know two clever parents who succeeded in getting their child out of the bad habit of watching TV. In most of their spare time, they organize the teamwork among class

20、mates, like weekend camping, swimming in summer, climbing mountains in winter, playing basketball or badminton, or sometimes singing OK songs in groups. Most of them enjoy themselves a lot and learn to appreicate others.In my opinion, teamwork keeps children busy, away from loneliness. And teamwork

21、gives one a sense of fulfillment and a sense of achievement.When a child is happy with his life, he will be happy with his study.練習 (一 【參考范文】How do You Think About Competitionand Cooperation?Competition and cooperation are common phenomenon in our society. Cooperation and competition are both import

22、ant, and are both involved in every field of our life and work.It is often believed that competition and cooperation are in opposition to each other. Some people stress competition, without it, in their eyes, there is no responsibility, no drive and ultimately, no progress. Others advocate cooperati

23、on whatever they do.We are all familiar with the Chinese saying that “When everybody adds fuel, the flame goes high.” Competition characterizes the present world. However, without cooperation, this world would become an animal world. We cant look on cooperation as the opposite of competition. In mos

24、t cases we cant do competition without cooperation. For example, in team work every member of the team is doing his best for the team to compete others.In my opinion, we should never forget cooperation. In our social life, cooperati on is especially necessary. So Ive come to the conclusion that comp

25、etition and cooperation are equally important.練習 (二 【參考范文】How to Fully Develop Our Intelligence?The writer argues in support of the importance of environment in terms of the development of a persons intelligence by giving an example of a twin brothers, who were brought up in different environment.Personally, I believe environment is is a key factor