漢英翻譯技巧

1、漢英翻譯技巧漢英翻譯技巧1:合并(Combination(1 天氣寒冷,河水都結(jié)冰了。It was so cold that the river froze.(2 理論必須密切聯(lián)系實(shí)際,這是我們應(yīng)當(dāng)牢記的一條原則。That theory must go hand in hand with practice is a principle we should always keep in mind.(3 他在戰(zhàn)斗中表現(xiàn)突出,受到連長的表揚(yáng)。He was commended by the company commander for his distinguished performance in t

2、he battle.(4 年滿十八歲的公民,都有選舉權(quán)和被選舉權(quán)。All citizens who have reached the age of eighteen have the right to vote and to stand for election.(5 當(dāng)時(shí),友誼商店只對(duì)外賓開放,不對(duì)中賓開放。At the time the friendship store was exclusively open to foreign visitors.(6 她對(duì)自己所取得的成就充滿了自豪,這也不是沒有道理的。She is justifiably proud of her achieveme

3、nts.(7 這家小工廠經(jīng)過技術(shù)改造,發(fā)展很快,使人感到驚訝不已。This small factory underwent a technological renovation, thus developing with surprising speed.(8 只要看一眼這封信,你就會(huì)明白你上當(dāng)了。A glance at this letter will convince you that you have been taken in.(9 看門人驚呆了,喘著粗氣,搖搖晃晃地走下樓梯。The janitor staggered down the stairway, stunned and ga

4、sping.(10 還是熱,心里可鎮(zhèn)定多了。涼風(fēng),即使是一點(diǎn)點(diǎn),給了人們?cè)S多希望。(老舍駱駝祥子It was still hot but everyone felt much better, for the breeze, though slight, brought them hope.漢英翻譯技巧2:補(bǔ)償(Compensation1. 九州Jiuzhou - a poetic name for China2. 八股文Eighth-part essay prescribed for the imperial civil service examinations- known for its

5、rigidity of form and poverty of ideas3. 狗咬呂洞賓,不識(shí)好人心Like the dog that bit Lu Tungpin-you bite the hand that feeds you.4. 貓哭老鼠-假慈悲The cat weeping over the dead mouse-shed crocodile tears.5. 蘇軾: Su Shi (formerly translated as Su Shih, 1037-1101,alias Su Dongpo, writer and calligrapher of the Song Dynas

6、ty.6. 秀才Xiucai, one who passed the imperial examination at the county level in the Ming and Qing Dynasties7. 牛郎織女the Cowherd and the Girl Weaver-two figures in ancient Chinese fairy tale (Later it also refers to husband and wife who live far apart.8. 藍(lán)田人Lantian Man, ape-man of about 600,000 years ag

7、o whose fossil remains were found in Lantian, Shanxi Province in 19649. 開綠燈turn on the green light (provide conveniences for certain affairs, so that they could proceed smoothly10. 梅雨季節(jié)plum rain season (about 1-month rainy season usu. beginning in early summer when plum fruit becomes ripe in the mid

8、dle and lower reaches of the Y angtze River or moldy season, a rainy season when everything goes moldy easily in the said area.漢英翻譯技巧3:分譯(division(1 不久,她提著籃子回來了。V ery soon she came back, holding a basket in her hand.(2 他拉過一把椅子放在客人背后。He drew up a chair and placed it behind the visitor.(3 周萍一個(gè)人從飯廳走上來,

9、望望花園,冷清清的,沒有一人。Zhou Ping appears from the dining room. He is alone. He peers out at the garden. It is silent and deserted.(4 他哼著曲子從山上走下來。He walked down the hill, singing softly to himself.(5 人民的覺悟是不容易的,要去掉人民頭腦中的錯(cuò)誤思想,需要我們做很多切切實(shí)實(shí)的工作。The political awakening of the people is not easy. It requires much e

10、arnest effort on our part to rid their minds of wrong ideas.(6 我們的目的一定要達(dá)到,我們的目的一定能夠達(dá)到。Our goal must be attained. Our goal will be attained.(7 我們的革命已經(jīng)獲得全世界廣大人民的同情和歡呼,我們的朋友遍于全世界。Our revolution has won the sympathy and acclaim of the people of all countries. We have friends all over the world.(8 我們恢復(fù)和采

11、取這些貿(mào)易方式的原因很簡單:我們出口商品就是為了滿足國外客戶消費(fèi)方面的需要。The reason why we have restored and adopted these trade practices is very simple. Our export commodities are for the use and consumption of our foreign customers.(9 這次大會(huì)充分發(fā)揚(yáng)了民主,大家心情舒暢,生動(dòng)活潑;真正開成了一個(gè)團(tuán)結(jié)的大會(huì),勝利的大會(huì)。The conference has given full expression to democracy;

12、 the atmosphere has been lively and the delegates have enjoyed ease of mind. Ours has indeed been a congress of unity, a congress of victory.(10 這些國家的共產(chǎn)黨和進(jìn)步黨派,正促使它們的政府和我們做生意,以致建立外交關(guān)系,這是善意的,這就是援助。The Communist Parties and progressive groups in these countries are urging their governments to establish

13、ed trade and even diplomatic relations with us. This is goodwill, this is help.漢英翻譯技巧4:形合(Hypotaxis1. 讓壁立的巖石,靜靜流著的小河,風(fēng)過處便竊竊私語的樹林,都作為自己的親密鄰居。All the company she had were the steep cliffs, the gently flowing stream, and the trees that whispered in the wind.2. 漢朝人在宮殿和墓前的石室里,多喜歡繪畫或雕刻古來的帝王、孔子的弟子、列士、列女、孝子

14、之類的圖。People of the Han Dynasty liked to have paintings or caved relief of rulers of old, disciples of Confucius, eminent scholars and ladies andfilial sons in the palaces or the stone chambers before their tombs.3. 不必說碧綠的菜畦,光滑的石井欄,高大的皂莢樹,紫紅的桑椹I need not speak of the green vegetable plots, the slippe

15、ry stone coping round the well, the tall honey locust tree, or the purple mulberries.4. 盡著他的腿的力量走了一天,問了一天,沒有消息。As long as his legs would move he walked on, asking, but by the end of the day he still had no news.5. 七股大水,從水庫的橋孔躍出,仿佛七幅閃光黃錦,直鋪下去,碰著嶙峋的亂石,激起一片雪白水珠,脫線一般,撒在洄漩的水面。Seven torrents were rushing

16、through the archways of the bridge like seven glittering rolls of cloth of gold cascading on to the jagged rocks below and scattering snow-white bubbles like a string of broken beads on the swirling water.6. 月光如流水一般,靜靜地瀉在這一片葉子和花上。薄薄的青霧浮起在荷塘里,葉子和花仿佛在牛乳中洗過一樣;又像籠著輕紗的夢(mèng)Moonlight cascaded like water over

17、the locus leaves and flowers, and a light blue mist floating up from the pool made them seem washed in milk or caught in a gauzy dream.7. 另一方面,必須用上述材料進(jìn)行廣泛宣傳,使人們認(rèn)識(shí)到,自然保護(hù)區(qū)是保護(hù)自然及文化遺產(chǎn)的基本單位,它們是在人類進(jìn)步里程中長期斗爭中形成的,對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)有著重要的作用。On the other hand, it is necessary to carry on the extensive publicity, enabling t

18、he public to know that the protected areas are the basic unit of the management of the natural and cultural heritages which are formed in the struggle process against the nature by human beings and will play an important role in the economic construction.8. 為保護(hù)海洋環(huán)境,促進(jìn)海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,必須提高對(duì)海洋環(huán)境監(jiān)測的認(rèn)識(shí)，增加投入，加強(qiáng)熱點(diǎn)海

19、域的監(jiān)測，減少海洋的損失，加強(qiáng) 海洋生物監(jiān)測，避免潛伏的海洋災(zāi)害發(fā)生。 In order to promote the development of sustainable marine economy and conserve marine environment, we should pay great attention to reinforcing awareness of marine environmental monitoring, increasing investment and strengthening the monitoring in hot spots as wel

20、l as biological monitoring to avoid marine calamity. 9. 飯菜雖然簡單，但別有一番風(fēng)味，屋外一團(tuán)漆黑，穿過松林的風(fēng) 發(fā)出如火車的轟鳴聲，我們?cè)趽u曳不定的煤油燈下豪情與老人干杯。 When we enjoyed the simple but tasty food and drank cheerful toasts with the old man under the flickering oil-lamp, darkness reigned the outside world where the wind was thundering thr

21、ough the pinewood like a train. 10. 仍像往常一樣，把晴美的陽光抹上滿峽的樹林，叫帶露的樹葉都 亮得耀人的眼睛。 Just as on any other day, the morning sun spread its fine light over the wooded valley, till the dewy leaves and grass glistened with a dazzling brightness. 漢英翻譯技巧 5：音譯(transliteration ：音譯 1. 胡同：hutong 2. 餃子：jiaozi 3. 武術(shù)：wushu

22、 4. 普通話：putonghua 5. 旗袍：qipao 6. 上海： Shanghai （以上 6 例皆可作為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)漢音的例子。 ） 7. 豆腐：tofu 8. 功夫： gongfu 9. 乒乓：ping-pong 10.炒面：chow mien (以上例 8-10 也可作為回譯 EC 部分的例子 6 漢英翻譯技巧 6：習(xí)語(Translation of Idioms ：習(xí)語 直譯 (1 男男女女都七嘴八舌地說出他們的惦記和盼念。 With seven mouths and eight tongues, all were talking together. They tried to tel

23、l how they had missed him. (2 亡羊補(bǔ)牢 to mend the fold after a sheep is lost 直譯加注 (3司馬昭之心，已是路人皆知。 This Sima Zhao trick is obvious to every man in the street. (Sima zhao was a prime minister of Wei (220-265who nursed a secret ambition to usurp the throne. The emperor once remarked: Sima Zhaos intention

24、is obvious to every man in the street. (4 你說這話，意思是要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)上三請(qǐng)諸葛？ What you say implies that the leadership should ask you three times, like Zhuge Liang, doesnt it? (Zhuge Liang, a statesman and strategist in the State of Shu during the period of wisdom and resourcefulness in Chinese folklore. 同義習(xí)語套用 (5 晴天

25、霹靂 a bolt from the blue. (6 只有破釜沉舟地跟他們拼，還許有翻身的一天。 All you can do is to burn your boats and fight them in the hope that one day youll come out on top. 意譯 (7 我要有個(gè)三長兩短，你給玉山捎個(gè)話！ If anything should happen to me , let Yushan know! (8 大智若愚 A truly wise person does not show off his (her ability. 7 直譯加意譯 (9

26、瞎子點(diǎn)燈白費(fèi)蠟 as useless as a blind man lighting a candle. (10 梅她一個(gè)單身人，無親無故。 Mei was all by herself and far from home, without a single relative or friend to help her. 臨時(shí)變體 (11 換湯不換藥 （張培基 習(xí)語漢譯英研究） old wine in new bottles ( 原有習(xí)語為 new wine in old bottles (12 守株待兔 （同上） to wait for gains without pains ( 原有習(xí)語為 No pains, no gains 省略 (13 這女子真有沉魚落雁之容，閉月羞花之貌。 The girls beauty would put the flowers to shame. (14 冷淡的陽關(guān)照著他們的愁眉苦臉和長發(fā)白眼。 The cold, pale sunlight fell on their gloomy faces, long hair and lusterless eyes. 增添