河北大學(xué)研究生英語(yǔ)閱讀課后翻譯

1、UNIT 11 the new conquerors (called the Normans brought with them a kind of french ,which became the language of Royal Court ,and the ruling and business classes 。翻譯:新的征服者(稱為諾曼帶著一種法國(guó),成為皇家法院語(yǔ)言,執(zhí)政黨和業(yè)務(wù)類2 Towards the end of Millde English ,a sudden and distinct change in pronunciation (the Great Vowel Sh

2、ift started ,with vowels being pronounced shorter and shorter 接近Millde英語(yǔ)年底,在發(fā)音突然明顯變化(大元音轉(zhuǎn)變開始,與元音被明顯短3 Late Modern English has many more words ,arising from two principal factors: firstly , the Industrail Revolution and technology created a need for new words ;secondly ,the British Empire at its heig

3、ht covered one quarter of the earth s surface, and the English language adopted foreign words from many countries.晚了現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中有許多更多的單詞,所產(chǎn)生的兩個(gè)主要因素:首先,工業(yè)革命和技術(shù)創(chuàng)造出了一個(gè)需要新的的話;其次,大英帝國(guó)覆蓋在其高度的四分之一的地球的表面,英語(yǔ)外來(lái)詞來(lái)自許多國(guó)家采用。4 From around 1600, the English colonization of North America resulted in the creation of a disti

4、nct American variety of English. Some English pronunciations and words "froze" when they reached America.從1600年左右,英國(guó)的殖民北美創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)獨(dú)特的美國(guó)的各種各樣的英語(yǔ)。有些英語(yǔ)發(fā)音和單詞“凍結(jié)”當(dāng)他們到達(dá)美國(guó)的。5早期的品種的日耳曼進(jìn)入歷史與日耳曼人向下移動(dòng)來(lái)自北歐的公元前二世紀(jì)中,以解決在北歐洲中部,沿著邊界特文明、北地區(qū)未來(lái)的羅馬帝國(guó)。B1很快這里將幾乎不可能在一個(gè)地方在這個(gè)星球上的一代兒童也不學(xué)英語(yǔ),藉由一種混合的政府的政策,父母親的愿望,和個(gè)人野心和欲望,

5、所有相信英語(yǔ)是語(yǔ)言的未來(lái)。2現(xiàn)在正在經(jīng)歷經(jīng)濟(jì)動(dòng)蕩在東南亞無(wú)疑是嚴(yán)重的,但是它可能不超過(guò)一個(gè)暫時(shí)現(xiàn)象長(zhǎng)期趨勢(shì)上漲。3我們正在遠(yuǎn)離歐洲文藝復(fù)興的主宰的世界里的想法和“民族語(yǔ)言”朝一個(gè)期望,大多數(shù)人會(huì)講幾種語(yǔ)言,與其他多種語(yǔ)言有著復(fù)雜的交互作用。4安靜的革命在期望與態(tài)度青年在亞洲被反映在全球衛(wèi)星廣播、趨勢(shì)在已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)離了英語(yǔ)成為當(dāng)?shù)氐恼Z(yǔ)言,MTV,例如,現(xiàn)在滿足其青年觀眾與當(dāng)?shù)卣Z(yǔ)言拖車、字幕、歌曲和節(jié)目制作。5我們可以想像一個(gè)課程基礎(chǔ)周圍的概念世界或區(qū)域標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語(yǔ),其中可能包括特征和多種英語(yǔ)。也許學(xué)生應(yīng)該系統(tǒng)地暴露在超過(guò)一個(gè)差異選擇一個(gè)作為一個(gè)模特,為生產(chǎn)和他人的理解。UNIT 2 A1 This is

6、an extraordinary change in a single generation, and it is gathering speed: the growth prospects, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, are in typically female jobs like nursing, retail and customer service. More and more women are the primary breadwinner in their household (almost 40% or are

7、providing essential income for the family's bottom line. Their buying power has never been greater and their choices have seldom been harder.這是一特別的改變一個(gè)世代,是采集速度:經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)前景,根據(jù)勞動(dòng)統(tǒng)計(jì)局的數(shù)據(jù),在一般的女性的工作,象護(hù)理、零售和客戶服務(wù)。越來(lái)越多的婦女是主要的掙的錢在他們的家庭(40%或提供基本收入的家庭的底線。他們從來(lái)沒有更大的購(gòu)買力他們的選擇很少更加困難。2 Progress is seldom simple; it co

8、mes with costs and casualties, even challengesabout whether a change represents an advance or a retreat. The TIME survey provides evidence of both. At the most basic level, the argument over where women belong is over; the battle of the sexes becomes a costume drama, like Middlemarch or Mad Men.進(jìn)展很少

9、是簡(jiǎn)單的,它帶有成本和人員傷亡,甚至改變是否代表前進(jìn)或撤退的挑戰(zhàn)。一次性調(diào)查,雙方提供的證據(jù)。在最基本的水平,超過(guò)參數(shù)那里的婦女屬于性別大戰(zhàn)成為Middlemarch或狂人一樣,古裝戲。3 Among the most confounding changes of all is the evidence, tracked by numerous surveys, that as women have gained more freedom, more education and more economic power, they have become less happy.在最重要的變化就是

10、證據(jù),被眾多的調(diào)查,由于女性已經(jīng)獲得了更多的自由,更多的教育、更經(jīng)濟(jì)的力量,他們已經(jīng)變得不那么快樂。4 If male jobs keep vanishing, if physical strength loses its workplace value, if the premium shifts ever more to education, in which achievement is increasingly female, then we will soon be having parallel conversations: What needs to be done to fre

11、e American men to realize their full potential? You can imagine the whole conversation flipping in a single generation. 如果男性工作保持消失,如果體力失去工作的價(jià)值,如果溢價(jià)轉(zhuǎn)移更多的教育,正得到越來(lái)越多的女性成就,那么,我們將很快會(huì)有平行的對(duì)話:需要做些什么免費(fèi)的美國(guó)人能夠充分實(shí)現(xiàn)其潛能?你可以想象在整個(gè)談話翻轉(zhuǎn)一代。B1 But in an age when divorce and serial marriage have become commonplace, when

12、 many women are entering marriages earning large sums and such assets are an increasing component of family wealth, it is not just billionaires like Ronald Perelman, president of Revlon, and Donald Trump who are concerned about protecting what is his, what is hers and what is theirs.但是在一個(gè)時(shí)代婚姻離婚和系列已經(jīng)

13、成為司空見慣的事,當(dāng)許多女性進(jìn)入婚姻大筆收入,這些資產(chǎn)增加家庭財(cái)富的組成部分,它不僅是億萬(wàn)富翁,如羅納德-他而言,Revlon總統(tǒng),唐納德·特朗普人擔(dān)心保護(hù)他,什么是她的,什么是他們的。2 While prenuptial agreements and even postnuptial agreements are increasingly being used to set boundaries, in the end, who gets what depends on legal jurisdiction, sound financial planning, national t

14、raditions and the psychological state of the marriage.在婚前協(xié)議和婚后協(xié)議也越來(lái)越多地被用來(lái)設(shè)定界限,到最后,誰(shuí)將得到什么依靠法律管轄的,健全的財(cái)務(wù)規(guī)劃、民族傳統(tǒng)和婚姻的心理狀態(tài)。3 To sum up, while a financial crisis may force a couple to pull together, realizing a fortune may cause a couple to squabble about things that were not debatable before. The differen

15、ces can lead to separate lives, and sometimes to divorce.綜上所述,當(dāng)一場(chǎng)金融危機(jī)可能迫使這對(duì)夫妻同心協(xié)力,實(shí)現(xiàn)財(cái)富可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致這對(duì)夫妻彼此爭(zhēng)論的事,有過(guò)。的不同導(dǎo)致各自的生活,有時(shí)離婚。UNIT 3 A1 my personal favorite prediction is E ,the further fattening of America ,but Iam just guided by a personal rule : never bet against the expansion of America ns waistlines

16、 ,especially not when public health experts get involved我個(gè)人最喜歡的預(yù)測(cè)的是E,美國(guó)進(jìn)一步育肥,但I(xiàn)'am只是一個(gè)個(gè)人統(tǒng)治的指導(dǎo):從未對(duì)賭美國(guó)的腰圍擴(kuò)張,特別是公共衛(wèi)生專家介入2 Pointing to evidence that a salt-restricted diet causes some peoples blood pressure to drop ,the reformers extrapolate that tens of thousands of lives would besaved if there wer

17、e less salt in everybodys food他指著證據(jù),鹽限制飲食會(huì)導(dǎo)致一些人的血壓下降,改革者推斷將被保存,如果有每個(gè)人的食物中的鹽少了成千上萬(wàn)人的生命,數(shù)萬(wàn)指向一個(gè)salt-restricted證據(jù)表明,一些人的飲食導(dǎo)致血壓下降,改革者們推斷,成千上萬(wàn)的人的生命是可以挽救的如果有少放點(diǎn)兒鹽,每個(gè)人的食物3 the salt reformers dismiss these speculations , arguing that with the right help, people can maintain low-salt diets without gaining wei

18、ght or suffering other problems .but even if people could be induced to eat less salt , would they end up better off ? the estimates about all the lives to be saved just extrapolations based on the presumed benefits of lower blood pressure.鹽改革者認(rèn)為這些猜測(cè),認(rèn)為正確的幫助,人們可以保持不體重增加或遭受其他問題低鹽飲食,但即使人們少吃鹽可誘導(dǎo),他們會(huì)最終更

19、好嗎?估計(jì)要保存剛才的推斷,降低血壓推定利益的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)所有生活4 when you reduce salt , Dr. Alderman said , you reduce blood pressure , but there can also be other adverse and unintended consequences . as more data have accumul ated , its less and less supportive of the case for salt reduction , but the advocates seem more determi

20、ned than ever to change policy當(dāng)你減少鹽,阿爾德曼博士說(shuō),你降低血壓,但也可以有其他不良和意想不到的后果。更多的數(shù)據(jù)積累,越來(lái)越少的情況下減少鹽的支持,但主張似乎更有決心比以往任何時(shí)候改變政策5 As Americans ate more calories , they could have eased up on some of the saltier choices so that their overall sodium consumption remained constant . by that same logic ,he speculated , i

21、f future policies reduce the average amount of salt in food , people might compensate by seeking out saltier foods or by simply eating still more of everything.美國(guó)人吃了更多的熱量,他們可能會(huì)緩解一些咸的選擇上,使其整體鈉消費(fèi)量保持不變。相同的邏輯,他推測(cè),如果未來(lái)的政策減少食品中的鹽的平均金額,人們可能會(huì)彌補(bǔ)尋求咸的食物或簡(jiǎn)單吃更多的東西。B1 technology revolutions come in two flavors :

22、jarringly fast and imperceptibly slow . the first kind ,like the sudden ubiquity of iPods or the proliferation of music-sharing sites on the Net , seems to instantly reshape the cultural landscape . the slower upheavals grind away over the course of decades , subtly transforming the way we live and

23、work.技術(shù)革命有兩種類型:jarringly快和潛移默化慢。第一類,如突然的iPod無(wú)處不在,或在網(wǎng)上音樂共享網(wǎng)站的擴(kuò)散,似乎即刻重塑的文化景觀。慢動(dòng)蕩碾在幾十年的過(guò)程中,巧妙地改變了我們的生活和工作方式。2 these phones sit in museums now ,and half a billion sleeker , colorful new mobile sets are sold each year . sales of mobile phones dwarf the sales of televisions, stereos ,even the hallowed per

24、sonal computer . there are 1.5 billion cell phones in the world today ,more than there times the number of PCs .mobile phones are so integral to our lives that its difficult to remember how the heck we ever got on without.這些手機(jī)現(xiàn)在坐在博物館,和50億時(shí)尚,豐富多彩的新的移動(dòng)集每年售出。銷售手機(jī)電視,音響,甚至神圣的個(gè)人電腦銷售相形見絀。有1.5億部手機(jī)在當(dāng)今世界,有次以上

25、的個(gè)人電腦數(shù)量。手機(jī)給我們的生活的組成部分,它很難記住的挫折感,我們?cè)?jīng)在沒有得到。3 In south Korea , phones are so cherished by youngsters that in a recent survey ofelementary school kids , half said they wanted a phone as their gift for Childrens Day , a national holiday . Dogs got 22 percent of the vote ,PCs a meager 10 percent .many As

26、ian phone manufacturers think the next killer app for all these kids is actually 7 years old : television.在韓國(guó),手機(jī)是如此珍視的青少年,在小學(xué)的孩子最近的調(diào)查顯示,一半的人說(shuō),他們希望手機(jī)作為兒童節(jié),一個(gè)全國(guó)性的節(jié)日禮物。狗有22%的選票,電腦微薄的10%,許多亞洲手機(jī)制造商認(rèn)為所有這些孩子的下一個(gè)殺手級(jí)應(yīng)用實(shí)際上是7年歲:。電視。4 Another challenge is that unlike the internet , there is no open and single s

27、et of protocols in the phone world for programmers to build around . Software written for one kind of phone wont work on all the other .the uncoordinated , noncommercial programming that led to the quick evolution of the Internet hasnt taken hold in the world of mobile phones .另一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)是,不像互聯(lián)網(wǎng),有沒有協(xié)議,為程序

28、員在手機(jī)世界的開放和單套圍繞。一種電話編寫的軟件將無(wú)法正常工作在所有其他的不協(xié)調(diào),非商業(yè)性的節(jié)目,導(dǎo)致互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的快速演變,不采取保持在全球的移動(dòng)電話.Unit 4 A1 He was wondering whether Mrs. Sappleton was in the married or widowed state. An undefinable something about the room seemed to suggest masculine habitation.他不知道是否Sappleton夫人在結(jié)婚或喪偶的狀態(tài)。一個(gè)無(wú)法加以解說(shuō)的一些關(guān)于房間似乎表明男性的居所2 Out thr

29、ough that window, three years ago to a day, her husband and her two young brothers went off for their day's shooting. They never came back. In crossing the moor to their favorite snipe-shooting ground they were all three engulfed in a treacherous piece of bog. It had been that dreadful wet summe

30、r, you know, and places that were safe in other years gave way suddenly without warning. Their bodies were never recovered. That was the dreadful part of it.從那扇窗戶吧,三年前,有一天,她的丈夫和她的兩個(gè)年幼的兄弟去了他們的天的射擊。他們?cè)僖矝]有回來(lái)。穿越那摩爾人到他們的喜愛的snipe-shooting地面都是3 -奸詐的塊爛泥塘。它已經(jīng)被那可怕的多雨的夏季,你知道,然后是安全的地方,在其它年份無(wú)預(yù)兆地突然讓位給了。他們的尸體被無(wú)法尋獲

31、。這是可怕的一部分。3 She rattled on cheerfully about the shooting and the scarcity of birds, and the prospects for duck in the winter. To Framton it was all purely horrible. He made a desperate but only partially successful effort to turn the talk on to a less ghastly topic, he was conscious that his hostess

32、 was giving him only a fragment of her attention, and her eyes were constantly straying past him to the open window and the lawn beyond. It was certainly an unfortunate coincidence that he should have paid his visit on this tragic anniversary.她喋喋不休高高興興地關(guān)于槍擊事件的這個(gè)匱乏的鳥,并展望了鴨在冬天。對(duì)于弗蘭頓來(lái)說(shuō),所有這純粹是可怕的。他做了一個(gè)絕

33、望的但是只能是部分的成功地把談話轉(zhuǎn)移到一個(gè)不那么可怕的話題,他意識(shí)到,他拜訪的女主人并沒有怎么留意他只是一個(gè)片段的她的注意,她的目光一直是繞過(guò)他注視著那扇開著的窗戶以及那邊的草坪。它確實(shí)是一個(gè)不幸的巧合他應(yīng)該付給他訪問在這個(gè)悲劇的周年紀(jì)念日。4 In the deepening twilight three figures were walking across the lawn towards the window, they all carried guns under their arms, and one of them was additionally burdened with a

34、 white coat hung over his shoulders. A tired brown spaniel kept close at their heels. Noiselessly they neared the house, and then a hoarse young voice chantedout of the dusk: "I said, Bertie, why do you bound?"在深化三個(gè)數(shù)字是黃昏穿過(guò)草坪向車窗,他們都背負(fù)著槍在他們的手臂,其中之一是另外面對(duì)一件白色的外套掛在肩上。一個(gè)疲憊的棕色的小獵犬的保持著密切的腳跟。Noisel

35、essly他們接近房子,然后用沙啞的聲音呼喊出年輕黃昏的:“我說(shuō),Bertie,為什么你要嗎?”UNIT 5 A1 Some of Seligman's own research, University of Pennsylvania psychologist , for instance, had focused on optimism, a trait shown to be associated with good physical health, less depression and mental illness, longer life and, yes, greater

36、happiness.賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)心理學(xué)家塞利格曼自己的研究,例如,有側(cè)重于樂觀,顯示良好的身體健康,少抑郁癥和精神疾病,壽命更長(zhǎng),是的,更大的幸福相關(guān)的特征。2 A 2002 study conducted at the University of Illinois by Diener and Seligman found that the most salient characteristics shared by the 10% of students with the highest levels of happiness and the fewest signs of depress

37、ion were their strong ties to friends and family and commitment to spending time with them.迪納和塞利格曼在伊利諾伊大學(xué)進(jìn)行的2002年研究發(fā)現(xiàn),10%的學(xué)生共享幸福的最高水平和抑郁癥的最少的跡象,最突出的的特點(diǎn)是他們的朋友和家人和承諾支出的緊密聯(lián)系與他們的時(shí)間。3 Asking people how happy they are, Kahneman contends, "is very much like asking them about the colonoscopy after it&#

38、39;s over. There's a lot that escapes them." Kahneman therefore believes that social scientists studying happiness should pay careful attention to people's actual experiences rather than just survey their reflections.要求人們,他們是多么的幸福,卡尼曼,“是非常喜歡詢問他們的結(jié)腸鏡檢查后,它的結(jié)束。還有很多逃脫他們?！币虼?卡尼曼認(rèn)為,社會(huì)科學(xué)家研究幸福應(yīng)

39、特別注意人們的實(shí)際經(jīng)驗(yàn),而不是僅僅調(diào)查的反思4 Of those three roads to a happy, satisfied life, pleasure is the least consequential, he insists: "This is newsworthy because so many Americans build their lives around pursuing pleasure. It turns out that engagement and meaning are much more important."一個(gè)快樂的,滿意的生活,

40、這三條道路的樂趣是至少相應(yīng)的,他堅(jiān)持說(shuō):“這是有新聞價(jià)值,因?yàn)檫@么多美國(guó)人圍繞他們的生活追求的樂趣,原來(lái),參與和意義重要得多?！? Because of the large influence of our genes, Lykken proposed the idea that each of us has a happiness set point much like our set point for body weight. No matter what happens in our life-good, bad, spectacular, horrific-we tend to re

41、turn in short order to our set range.因?yàn)槲覀兊幕蛴泻艽蟮挠绊?Lykken提出的想法,我們每個(gè)人都有一個(gè)幸福很像我們?cè)O(shè)置點(diǎn)體重設(shè)定點(diǎn)。無(wú)論在我們的生活中發(fā)生的事情- 好的,壞的,蔚為壯觀,可怕的- 我們往往在短期內(nèi)恢復(fù)到我們?cè)O(shè)定的范圍。UNIT 5 B1 It is important to state emphatically that our purpose in providing you with this list of the most important American values is not convert you , the fo

42、reign visitor , to our values . We couldnt achieve that goal even if we wanted to , and we dont want to .重要的是要強(qiáng)調(diào),我們?yōu)槟峁┡c這個(gè)美國(guó)最重要的價(jià)值的列表的目的是不轉(zhuǎn)換,外國(guó)游客,我們的價(jià)值觀。我們無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo),即使我們想,我們不想。2The problems of ones life are not seen as having resulted from bad luck as much as having come from ones laziness in pursuing a better life. Furthermore, it is considered normal tha