高中英語 現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞區(qū)別課件 牛津版選修9ppt課件

1、非謂語不定式不定式 (to) do 分詞分詞動名詞（動名詞（-ing)過去分詞過去分詞(-ed)現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞(-ing)非謂語動詞分類動詞動詞-ing形式形式不不定定式式主主語語賓賓語語表表語語賓賓補補定定語語狀狀語語動動名名詞詞主主語語賓賓語語表表語語定定語語分分詞詞表表語語賓賓補補定定語語狀狀語語現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別非謂語動詞復習非謂語動詞復習1、作定語時、作定語時單個的分詞作定語時一般前置位于被修單個的分詞作定語時一般前置位于被修飾的詞之前），分詞短語作定語時后置。飾的詞之前），分詞短語作定語時后置。Do you know the crying boy?

2、Do you know the boy crying under the tree?We are trying our best to catch up with the developed country.The students are discussing a book written by LuXun.1、作定語時、作定語時The meeting held last week is very important.2.Tell the children playing there not to make so much noise.3. They lived in a room faci

3、ng the south.4. I hate to see letters written in pencil.被動關系被動關系被動關系被動關系主動關系主動關系主動關系主動關系Whats the difference between -ing and ed form used as an attributive? 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表示動作正在發(fā)生或與現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表示動作正在發(fā)生或與謂語動作同時或基本同時發(fā)生，謂語動作同時或基本同時發(fā)生，與所修飾的詞是主動關系或主謂關系與所修飾的詞是主動關系或主謂關系及物動詞的過去分詞作定語表完成或被及物動詞的過去分詞作定語表完成或被動的動作，與所修飾的詞是被動

4、關系動的動作，與所修飾的詞是被動關系或動賓關系；不及物動詞的過去分詞或動賓關系；不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語只表完成不表被動的動作。作定語只表完成不表被動的動作。a retired worker 退休工人退休工人練習練習1. Mrs.White showed her students some old maps _ from the library.（10 全國全國1）to borrow B. to be borrowed C. borrowed D. borrowing2. There is a great deal of evidence _ that music activities en

5、gage different parts of the brain.（09浙江）浙江）A. indicateB. indicating C. to indicateD. to be indicating3. With the governments aid, those _ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements. （09上上海）海）A. affect B. affecting C. affected D. were affected 4. (2019上海卷) Throughout history, the language _

6、by a powerful group spreads across a civilization A. speaking B. spoken C. to speak D. to be spoken5(2019 江蘇江蘇Recently a survey _ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. Acompared Bcomparing Ccompares Dbeing compared2、作表語時跟在系動詞后）、作表語時跟在系動詞后）現(xiàn)在分

7、詞多表示主語所具有的特征或屬性；過去分現(xiàn)在分詞多表示主語所具有的特征或屬性；過去分詞多表示主語所處的狀態(tài)?，F(xiàn)在分詞表示詞多表示主語所處的狀態(tài)?，F(xiàn)在分詞表示“令人令人的的”，過去分詞表示，過去分詞表示“感到感到”.”.常見的分詞有：常見的分詞有：amazed / amazing, excited / exciting, bored / boring, annoyed / annoying, interested / interesting, pleased / pleasing, tired / tiring, surprised / surprising, worried/ worrying

8、, satisfied / satisfying, amused / amusing例如：例如：The news was exciting. He appeared satisfied with my answer.練習練習It is believed that if a book is_ ,it will surely _the reader.(03上海上海) A.interested ; interest B. interesting ; be interested C. interested ; be interesting D. interesting ; interest 3、作賓語

9、補足語時、作賓語補足語時取決于分詞與賓語的關系：取決于分詞與賓語的關系：主動關系，用主動關系，用doing被動關系，用被動關系，用done。 例如例如1.I found them painting the windows. 2. I found the windows painted. 主動關系被動關系被動關系（現(xiàn)在分詞表主動、進展）（現(xiàn)在分詞表主動、進展）（過去分詞表被動、完成）（過去分詞表被動、完成）練習：練習：1. They use computers to keep the traffic smoothly. （09全國2）being run B. run C. to run D. r

10、unning 3. (2019 上海卷)After a knock at the door, the child heard his mothers voice _ him. A. calling B. called C. being called D. to call4.(2019天津卷)You should understand the traffic rule by now. Youve had it _ often enough. A. explaining B. to explain C. explain D.explained 5. (2019 福建卷) Jenny hopes t

11、hat Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English _in a short period. A.improved B.improving C.to improve D.improve 6（2019江蘇） You look upset. Whats the matter？ I had my proposal _ again.Aturned over Bturned on Cturned off Dturned down4、作狀語、作狀語時時Seen from the moon, the earth looks lik

12、e a blue ball.Seeing nobody at home , he left.被動關系主動關系分詞的選取：取決于分詞與句子主語的關系：分詞的選取：取決于分詞與句子主語的關系：主動關系，用主動關系，用 doing 被動關系，用被動關系，用 done練習：練習：1. It rained heavily in the south,_serious flooding in several provinces.（10天津）天津）caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause 2 _the city center, we saw a stone

13、statue of about 10 meters in height.（10上海）上海）Approaching B. Approached C. To approach D. To be approached3. _at my classmates faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.（10北京）北京）A. Looking B. Look C. To look D. Looked1 . _ in the queue for half an hour , Tom suddenly realized that he had left h

14、is wallet at home (04 北京) A.To wait B.Have waited C.Having waited D.To have waited 留意2).現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式與完成式：現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式與完成式：一般式：一般式：doing 表示非謂語動作與謂語動作幾乎同時發(fā)生。表示非謂語動作與謂語動作幾乎同時發(fā)生。完成式：完成式：having done 表示非謂語動作與謂語動作有著先后順序表示非謂語動作與謂語動作有著先后順序 。分析：句意：這位生意人因遭受了重大損失，便失去了把生意進分析：句意：這位生意人因遭受了重大損失，便失去了把生意進展下去的勇氣。分詞的動作先于謂語的動作，

15、所以使用了完成式展下去的勇氣。分詞的動作先于謂語的動作，所以使用了完成式練習練習1.(2019全國卷全國卷I) The storm left , _a lot of damage to this area. A. caused B. to have caused C. to cause D. having caused例如：例如： Having suffered such heavy loss, the businessman didnt have the courage to go on .3._ the programme, they have to stay there for anot

16、her two weeks .(04 廣東廣東)ANot completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed 練習練習1.Watching television ,_ .(05 全國全國) A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings2. Faced with a bill for $ 10,000, .（06陜西）陜西） AJohn

17、has taken an extra job Bthe boss has given John an extra job Can extra job has been taken Dan extra job has been given to John3).分詞作狀語的基本原則：分詞作狀語的基本原則：分詞作狀語時，分詞作狀語時， 分詞的邏輯主語必須與句子的主語保持一分詞的邏輯主語必須與句子的主語保持一致。當非謂語動作的主語不是句子的主語時，必須加上其致。當非謂語動作的主語不是句子的主語時，必須加上其自己的邏輯主語，這種結構成為獨立主格結構。如：自己的邏輯主語，這種結構成為獨立主格結構。如： S

18、pring coming, the fields are full of life.再如：再如：The boss being ill, the meeting was put off.Weather permitting ,we will go out for a spring outing.因為因為coming的邏輯主語，并不是的邏輯主語，并不是the fields ，應補上，應補上它的邏輯主語它的邏輯主語spring， 練習：練習：1. Many students _ around, I explained the story into details.（07 重慶）重慶） A. stoo

19、d B. standing C. to stand D. were standing2.There _ nothing to talk about , every one in the room remained silent . A. was B. had C. being D. having3. Everything _ into consideration , they believed themselves more and returned to their position. A. to taken B. taken C. to be taken D. taking 5獨立成分作狀

20、語獨立成分作狀語有些分詞作狀語時，起形式的選用不收上下文的影響，稱作獨立成分或插有些分詞作狀語時，起形式的選用不收上下文的影響，稱作獨立成分或插入語。常見的有：入語。常見的有：generally / frankly/ strictly speaking 一般而言一般而言/坦率地說坦率地說/ 嚴格地說嚴格地說judging from /by 根據(jù)根據(jù)來判斷來判斷considering / taking into consideration考慮到考慮到；鑒于；鑒于supposing / providing /provided that 假設假設compared with/to 與與相比相比 例如例

21、如 Judging from his accent ,he is from the south . Considering your health , you d better have a rest .非謂語動詞解題非謂語動詞解題四大步驟四大步驟（一分析句子結構（一分析句子結構, ,區(qū)分區(qū)分“謂語與非謂語謂語與非謂語”（如果是非謂語，判斷所充當?shù)某煞郑ㄈ绻欠侵^語，判斷所充當?shù)某煞郑?_many times , but he still couldnt understand it .2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it .A. Ha

22、ving been told B. Being told C. He had been told D.Though he was toldC_A注意連詞注意連詞3.It _ a hot day, wed better go swimming. 4. _ a rainy day ; we decided not to go there. is B. to be C. being D.It being E. It was F. beenCE注意標點符號注意標點符號 非謂語動詞雖不能作謂語，但仍具有動詞特點，非謂語動詞雖不能作謂語，但仍具有動詞特點，其邏輯上的動作執(zhí)行者就叫做邏輯主語。其邏輯上的動作

23、執(zhí)行者就叫做邏輯主語。（二找邏輯主語（二找邏輯主語1.Walking along the street one day, she saw a little girl running up to her.2.She is reading a book found on the way.3.Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa. 4. Convinced of the truth of the reports, he told his colleagues about it. 一般來說，作狀語的非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是句子的主語；一般來說，作狀語的非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是句子的主語； 作賓補的非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是賓語；作賓補的非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是賓語； 作定語的非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是被修飾詞。作定語的非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是被修飾詞。 A.to take B. taking C. to be taken D. takenD BEverythingthey1._ everything