同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯課件

1、同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯 2012年同等學(xué)力申碩英語考試復(fù)習(xí)-翻譯、寫作部分Introduction (according to the 5th edition)Part I translationEN-CH (10 points)CH-EN (10 points)20 points; 30ms同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I Translationi. EN-CH:5 single sentences/ paragraph/ 5 underlined sentences from a paragraph-80-100wordse.g. Overtheyears,wetendtothinkthat

2、nucleartechnologiesandthenecessaryknowhowtoensurenuclearsafetyhavebeendevelopedtoalevelthatpossibilitiesforanymajornuclearaccidentsarealmostnonexistentandifitdoeshappen,itwillbecontrolledinthecapablehandsofnuclearengineers.However,realityhasprovedagainthatyoujustcantbetoocarefultohandlenuclearenergy

3、.WedontknowforsureyetwhatwillbeleftbehindJapansnuclearcrisis,butitwillbecertainthatitistimetoreexamineournuclearpracticesandmanymoreeffortsneedtobemadetoensurenuclearsafetyinthefuture. (year 11)同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I TranslationSome issues about translation What translation is?Translation -a bilingual and

4、 bi-cultural art.What are the criteria for adequate and acceptable translation?Faithfulness? Smoothness? Elegance?Literal translation?Free translation?同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I Translation How to translate?-the process of TranslationUnderstandingPresentationChecking structurewordswording同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I Tran

5、slation How to translate?-the process of translationI. Linguistic problems:Analysis of structure “ It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us - that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devot

6、ion - that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain - that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom - and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.” -The Gettysburg Address同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I TranslationHow

7、to translate?-the process of translationI. Linguistic problems:Analysis of structureFivebasicsentencestructures:1. S+VE.g.Therainstopped.2. S+V+SCE.g.Mysisterisanurse.3. S+V+OE.g.wearelearningEnglish.4. S+V+IO+DOE.g.Hermotherboughtheraskirt.5. S+V+O+OCE.g.WeelectedLiYangourmonitor.同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I T

8、ranslationHow to translate?-the process of translationI. Linguistic problems:Analysis of structureSome other issues:Parts of speech: e.g. The workers can fish.-Chinese version ?Relation between words: e.g. The workers went on strike. .-Chinese version ? - were, on strike is a state. 同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I

9、 TranslationSkills for translation:a. Analysis of structure-figure out the main body of the sentence and clauses!subject clause-what/whatever/whoeverE.g.1） What he saw and heard on his trip gave him a very deep impression.他此行所見所聞都給他留下深刻的印象。2）It doesnt make difference whether he attends the meeting o

10、r not. 他參不參加會(huì)議沒有多大關(guān)系。3.It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.真奇怪，她竟然沒有看出自己的缺點(diǎn)。同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I TranslationSkills for translation:a. Analysis of structure-figure out the main body of the sentence and clauses!Object/ predicative clause-that/what/howE.g.1） I told him tha

11、t because of the last condition, Id have to turn it down.我告訴他，由于那最后一個(gè)條件，我只得謝絕。2）I take it for granted that you will come and talk the matter over with him. 我想你會(huì)來跟他談這件事的。3. What he emphasized over and over again was that, no matter how difficult it might be, they should never give up.他再三強(qiáng)調(diào)的就是，不管多么困難，

12、他們絕不應(yīng)該后退。同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I TranslationSkills for translation:a. Analysis of structure-figure out the main body of the sentence and clauses!Appositive clause-thatE.g.1） He expressed the hope that he would come to visit China again.他（表示）希望再次來中國訪問(不提前)。2）It does not alter the fact that he is the man res

13、ponsible for the delay. 延遲應(yīng)由他負(fù)責(zé)，這是改變不了的事實(shí)（提前）。3. But considered realistically, we had to face the fact that our prospects were less than good.但是現(xiàn)實(shí)地考慮一下，我們不得不正視這樣的事實(shí)：我們的前景不妙（可用破折號(hào)或增加“即”）。同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I TranslationSkills for translation:a. Analysis of structure-figure out the main body of the senten

14、ce and clauses!Attributive clause-that/which/who/(除了what)E.g.1） The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him.在他手下工作的人對(duì)他怕得要死(定語前置)。2）He managed to raise a crop of 200 miracle tomatoes that weighed up to two pounds each. 他居然種出了200個(gè)奇跡般的西紅柿，每個(gè)重達(dá)2磅。（后置）3). There were the men in that crowd wh

15、o had stood there every day for a month.在那群人中，有些人每天站在那里，站了一個(gè)月（溶合）。同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I TranslationSkills for translation:a. Analysis of structure-figure out the main body of the sentence and clauses!Attributive clause-that/which/who/(除了what)6） The sun, which had hidden all day, now came out in all its s

16、plendor.那個(gè)整天躲在云層里的太陽，現(xiàn)在又光芒四射的路面了(非限制性定語前置)。7）Tom turned pale, and asked Jack to shut the door, who asked Green, who asked Nick, who pretended not to hear. 湯姆臉色變得蒼白，要杰克把門關(guān)上，杰克叫格林關(guān)，格林又叫尼克關(guān)，而尼克裝著沒聽見。（后置）8). The men had suddenly awakened to the fact that there were beauty and significance in these trifl

17、es, flowers) which they had so long trodden carelessly beneath their feet.這些花以前一直被這些人漫不經(jīng)心地踩在腳下，現(xiàn)在他們突然意思到這些小玩意的美麗和意義了。同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I TranslationSkills for translation:a. Analysis of structure-figure out the main body of the sentence and clauses!Long sentences: If she had long lost the blue-eyed, fl

18、ower-like charm, the cool slim purity of face and form, the apple-blossom coloring which had so swiftly and oddly affected Julia twenty-six years ago, she was still at forty-three a comely and faithful companion, whose cheeks were faintly mottled, and whose grey-blue eyes had acquired a certain full

19、ness .分析：主句一個(gè) ；狀從一個(gè)；定從三個(gè)； 假設(shè)狀語從句中含定語從句。意思如下幾層：1.她早已失去了那蔚藍(lán)色眼睛的、花兒般的魅力，也是掉了她臉兒和身段的冰清玉潔、苗條多姿的氣質(zhì)和蘋果花似的顏色；2.26年這種花容月貌曾那樣迅速而奇妙地影響過茱莉亞；3. 在43歲的今天，她依舊是個(gè)好看而忠實(shí)的伴侶；4.不過兩頰淡淡的有了點(diǎn)斑駁；5.灰藍(lán)色的眼睛也有些飽滿了。中文邏輯與原文一致-可按原順序譯。同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I TranslationSkills for translation:a. Analysis of structure-figure out the main body

20、 of the sentence and clauses!Long sentences: If she had long lost the blue-eyed, flower-like charm, the cool slim purity of face and form, the apple-blossom coloring which had so swiftly and oddly affected Julia twenty-six years ago, she was still at forty-three a comely and faithful companion, whos

21、e cheeks were faintly mottled, and whose grey-blue eyes had acquired a certain fullness .Suggested translation: 如果說她早已失去那種玉潔冰清、苗條多姿的氣質(zhì)和那蘋果花似的顏色-26年這種花容月貌曾那樣迅速而奇妙地影響過茱莉亞-那么在43歲的今天，她依舊是個(gè)好看而忠實(shí)的伴侶，不過兩頰淡淡的有了點(diǎn)斑駁，而灰藍(lán)色的眼睛也有些飽滿了。同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I TranslationSkills for translation:a. Analysis of structure-figu

22、re out the main body of the sentence and clauses!Thestandardizededucationalorpsychologicaltest that are widely used to aid in selecting, classifying, assigning, or promoting students, employees, and military personnelhavebeenthetargetofrecentattacksinbooks,magazines,thedailypress,andevenincongress.

23、同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I TranslationSkills for translation:a. Analysis of structure-figure out the main body of the sentence and clauses!Thetargetiswrong,forinattackingthetests,criticsdivertattentionfromthefaultthatlieswithill-informedorincompetentusers.Theteststhemselvesaremerelytools,withcharacteristicsth

24、atcan be measured with reasonable precision under specified conditions.Whethertheresultswillbevaluable,meaningless,orevenmisleadingdependspartlyuponthetoolitselfbutlargelyupontheuser. (year 07-4)同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I TranslationSkills for translation:a. Analysis of structure-figure out the main body of t

25、he sentence and clauses!EngineersaredevelopinganewtypeofInternetconnectionthatcouldcarrysomuchdatasoquicklyitmightsurpriseevenNetsurfers.Thistechnologywouldopenuparoutethroughwhichdatacanbesentatspeedsthousandsoftimesfasterthanwhatspossiblenow. 同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I TranslationSkills for translation:a. A

26、nalysis of structure-figure out the main body of the sentence and clauses!Ifallgoestoplan,thevastdataspeedsmaysoonbeavailabletoall.ThatmighthelpsolvetheproblemofhowtohandletheenormousgrowthinInternettraffic.Thetechnologywouldrequiresomenewsoftwareandfiber opticlinkstothePC,butotherwisenochangeinbasi

27、cfacilities. (year 08-5 sentences)同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I TranslationSkills for translation:a. Analysis of structure-figure out the main body of the sentence and clauses!Overtheyears,wetendtothinkthatnucleartechnologiesandthenecessaryknowhowtoensurenuclearsafetyhavebeendevelopedtoalevelthatpossibilitiesfor

28、anymajornuclearaccidentsarealmostnonexistentandifitdoeshappen,itwillbecontrolledinthecapablehandsofnuclearengineers. 同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I TranslationSkills for translation:a. Analysis of structure-figure out the main body of the sentence and clauses!However,realityhasprovedagainthatyoujustcantbetoocaref

29、ultohandlenuclearenergy.WedontknowforsureyetwhatwillbeleftbehindJapansnuclearcrisis,butitwillbecertainthatitistimetoreexamineournuclearpracticesandmanymoreeffortsneedtobemadetoensurenuclearsafetyinthefuture. (year 11-3 sentences)同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I TranslationTranslation practice Third handsmokeistobac

30、cosmokecontaminationthatlingersincarpets,clothesandothermaterialshoursorevendaysafteracigaretteisputout.Accordingtoastudy,alargenumberofpeople,particularlysmokers,havenoideathatthird handsmokeisahealthhazardforpeople.ofthe1,500smokersandnonsmokerssurveyed,thevastmajorityagreedthatSecond handsmokeisd

31、angerous.Butwhenaskedwhethertheyagreedwiththestatement,“Breathingairinaroomtodaywherepeoplesmokedyesterdaycanharmyourhealth,”only65%ofnonsmokersand43%ofsmokersanswered “yes.”(Year 09) 同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I TranslationTranslation practice Anecosystemisagroupofanimalsandplantslivinginaspecificregionandinte

32、ractingwithoneanotherandwiththeirphysicalenvironment.Ecosystemsincludephysicalandchemicalcomponents,suchassoils,water,andnutrientsthatsupporttheorganismslivingthere.Theseorganismsmayrangeformlargeanimalstomicroscopicbacteria.Ecosystemalsocanbethoughtofastheinteractionsamongallorganismsinagivenarea;f

33、orinstance,onespeciesmayserveasfoodforanother.Peoplearepartoftheecosystemswheretheyliveandwork.Humanactivitiescanharmordestroylocalecosystemsunlessactionssuchaslanddevelopmentforhousingorbusinessesarecarefullyplannedtoconserveandsustaintheecologyofthearea. (year 10)同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I TranslationSkills

34、 for translationa. Analysis of structureStructure analysis in translation: orderHe had flown in just the day before from Beihai where he had spent his vacation basking in the sun after the completion of the construction job he had been engaged in in Harbin.1232同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I TranslationSkills for

35、translationa. Analysis of structureStructure analysis in translationChinese version:他本來在哈爾濱從事一項(xiàng)建筑工程，任務(wù)完成后，他就到北海去度他本來在哈爾濱從事一項(xiàng)建筑工程，任務(wù)完成后，他就到北海去度假，享受陽光，昨天才坐飛機(jī)回來。假，享受陽光，昨天才坐飛機(jī)回來。 1232同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I TranslationSkills for translationUnderstanding of wordsE.g. LastTry to translate the following sentences

36、1.He is the last man to come2.He is the last man to do it.3. He is the last man for such a job.4. He should be the last man to blame.5 .He is the last man to discuss.6. This is the last place where I expected to meet you.同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I TranslationTranslate from Chinese to EnglishStrategies Find th

37、e root of the sentence Convert into the ones that you are farmilar withi. Wording by reading同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I TranslationTranslate from Chinese to English Find the root of the sentence最近一項(xiàng)調(diào)查表明，中國大部分的建筑無論是辦公樓還是居民樓，消耗的電資源或水資源比發(fā)達(dá)國家的同類建筑都要多，例如，北京的居民平均消耗氣候類似的德國北部家庭的三倍。中國是資源短缺的國家，我們必須節(jié)約資源，才能保證我國經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)發(fā)展。(yea

38、r 07) AsurveymaderecentlyindicatesthatmostofbuildingsinChina,nomatterforofficeorresidentialpurpose,allconsumemoreelectricityandwaterresourcescomparedtothatofforeigncountries.Forinstance,energyconsumptionforBeijingresidentsisthreetimesasmuchasthatofthefamiliesinnorthGermanunderthesimilarwhethercondit

39、ions.AsChinaisanenergyshortagecountry,thereforeweChineseshouldsave(economize)resourcessoastoensurethesustainabledevelopmentforChineseeconomy. 同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I TranslationTranslate from Chinese to English Find the root of the sentence當(dāng)前我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展迅速，能源供應(yīng)的壓力較大，這跟我國當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展所處的階段不無關(guān)系。但是，不管我們處于哪個(gè)發(fā)展階段，如果消耗能源過

40、多，就會(huì)因此受到懲罰，面臨能源匱乏，環(huán)境污染和生態(tài)破壞等困境。 (year 08) CurrentlywiththerapiddevelopmentofeconomyinChina,thepressureofenergysupplyiscomparativelyheavy,whichislargelyrelatedtothephaseofsocialandeconomicdevelopment.However,nomatterwhatstagewebelongto,over consumingenergywillputusintothedilemmaofenergyshortage,envir

41、onmentpollutionandecologicaldisruptionandwewillbeinevitablypunished. 同等學(xué)歷申碩英語翻譯Part I TranslationTranslate from Chinese to English Find the root of the sentence有朝一日我身為人母，我會(huì)帶孩子們?nèi)ヒ盃I。我會(huì)讓他們體驗(yàn)在篝火（campfire）上燒烤食物的樂趣。我會(huì)告訴他們，在草地上睡覺并不臟。我會(huì)讓他們知道，天上的星星不止是童話故事的素材，還有實(shí)際的用途，例如可以為迷路的人指引方向。這樣的戶外活動(dòng)也是一種教育。 (year 09) IfeverIbecomeaparent,Iwillbringmychildrencamping.Iwillletthemenjoythefunofbarbecuingoveracampfire.Iwillteachthemthatthereisnothingdi