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1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上Unit 1 Whats the matter?一、 詢(xún)問(wèn)某人的健康問(wèn)運(yùn)及遭到麻煩的表達(dá)方法 (1)詢(xún)問(wèn)某人患了何種疾病或遇到了何種麻煩時(shí),常用以下幾種結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表達(dá): Whats the matter (with sb)?(某人)怎么了? Whats wrong (with sb)?(某人)怎么了? Whats the trouble (with sb)?(某人)出什么事了? W
2、hat happened (to sb)?(某人)發(fā)生了什么事? Are you OK?你沒(méi)事吧? Is there anything wrong with sb.?某人有什么事嗎? (2) 要表達(dá)身體疼痛或不舒服,可用以下結(jié)構(gòu): 某人+have/has+病癥 The twins have colds雙胞胎感冒了。 某人+have/has+a+headache/toothache/stomachache/b
3、ackache/earache. She had a stomachache last night她昨晚肚子痛。 某人+have/has+a+sore+發(fā)病部位 He has a sore throat他喉嚨痛。 某人+hurt(s)+身體部位或反身代詞 He hurt his leg.他的腿受傷了。 某部位+hurt(s). My head hurts badly我頭痛得厲害
4、。 某人+have/has+a pain+in ones+身體部位, I have a pain in my chest我胸口痛。 (There is)something wrong with ones+身體部位 There is something wrong with my right eye我的右眼有毛病。 其他表達(dá)方式 She h
5、as a heart trouble她有心臟病。 He got hit on the head他頭部受到了撞擊。 She cut her finger她割破手指了。二 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should的用法 1Should為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,意為“應(yīng)該;應(yīng)當(dāng)”,否定式為shouldnt,其后接動(dòng)詞原形,無(wú)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化。常用來(lái)表示征詢(xún)意見(jiàn)、建議、勸告、要求或義務(wù)等。 You should drink hot
6、0;water with honey你應(yīng)該喝加有蜂蜜的開(kāi)水。 He should put his head back他應(yīng)該把頭后仰。 We should try our best to help him.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)盡力去幫助他。 You shouldnt watch TV.你不應(yīng)該看電視。 2Should用于主語(yǔ)為第一人稱(chēng)的疑問(wèn)句,表示征詢(xún)意見(jiàn)。 Should I
7、60;put some medicine on it?我應(yīng)當(dāng)給它敷上藥嗎? Should we tell her about it?我們應(yīng)該告訴她這件事嗎? 【拓展】在英語(yǔ)中,表示建議的說(shuō)法有很多,而且都是中考考查的重點(diǎn)。主要結(jié)構(gòu)有: Would you like (to do) sth?你想要愿意(做)某事嗎? Would you like to play bask
8、etball with me?你想要和我一起打籃球嗎? Shall I/we do sth ?我我們做好嗎? Shall we go to the zoo tomorrow?明天我們?nèi)?dòng)物園,好嗎? Why not do sth ?為什么不呢? Why not join us?為什么不加入到我們當(dāng)中來(lái)呢?
9、160;How/What about doing sth ?做某事怎么樣? How about going swimming?去游泳怎么樣? Lets do sth讓我們做吧。 Lets go home咱們回家吧。 Youd better (not) do sth你最好(不)要做某事。 Youd better
10、0;not go there alone你最好不要一個(gè)人去那兒。 Unit 2 I'll help clean up the city parks動(dòng)詞不定式 A. 作主語(yǔ)為避免句子的頭重腳輕,常用it作為形式主語(yǔ),而真正的主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式后置。 常用句型:It +be+adj./n.+(for/of sb.) to do sth./It takes sb. some time to do sth.
11、160;B. 作賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞want, decide, hope, ask, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teach, prepare常接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)。C. 作(后置)定語(yǔ)常用于“have/hassth.to do”或“enough名to do”“Its time to do sth.”等結(jié)構(gòu)中。 D. 作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)tell, ask,
12、want, invite, teach, like, call等可接帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),構(gòu)成tell/ask/want /call/invite sb. to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。 【注意】動(dòng)詞不定式作使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)省去to:“一感(feel),二聽(tīng)(listen to, hear),三讓(let, make, have,,四看(look at, see, watch, notice)
13、,半幫助(help)”。 E. 動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ) 主要用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞,表示目的,結(jié)果或原因。為了強(qiáng)調(diào)目的,有時(shí)可以把動(dòng)詞不定式放在句首,或在不定式前加in order (to) 或so as (to) “為了,目的是”。常用結(jié)構(gòu)有too + adj./adv. + to do sth.等。 F. 固定句式中動(dòng)詞不定式的用法 常見(jiàn)的形式有:had better (not) do s
14、th./Would you like to do sth.?/Why not do sth.?/Would you please (not) do sth.?等。Unit 3 Could you please clean your roomCould you please.?句型 (1)請(qǐng)求別人時(shí)通常用此句型,也可以說(shuō):Can you.please?情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could或can在這里均表示請(qǐng)求,在意思上無(wú)區(qū)別,但是用could在
15、于其上顯得更委婉、客氣、誠(chéng)懇。在日常生活中常使用could you/I.?若在句末加上please,則顯得更禮貌。 Could you help me find my book,please?你能幫我找到我的書(shū)嗎? (2) 對(duì)could you/I.?的問(wèn)句作出肯定回答,常用“sure/certainly/of course”等;如果作否定回答,常用“sorry或oh,please dont”。 一般不用no開(kāi)頭,用no顯得語(yǔ)氣生硬、不禮貌。
16、 (3) 表示請(qǐng)求的句式: Would you like to do.? Would you mind doing.? Lets do. Shall I/we do.? Please do.(祈使句前加please) 提示:could you please.與could
17、;I Please.兩種問(wèn)句,前者是請(qǐng)求別人幫忙的句式,后者是有禮貌地向別人請(qǐng)求允許的交際用語(yǔ)。試比較: Could you please help me?請(qǐng)你幫我一下好嗎? Could I please invite my friends to my birthday party,Mom? 媽媽?zhuān)?#160;我能邀請(qǐng)我的朋友參加我的生日聚會(huì)嗎?Unit 4 Why don't you talk to your par
18、ents?1. 提建議向別人發(fā)出邀請(qǐng),請(qǐng)求,建議,或征求某人的意見(jiàn)的其他表達(dá)方式:How /what about doing sth.?(about是個(gè)介詞,可跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞)“怎么樣?” Youd better (not) do something.“你最好(不)做某事” Would you like sth ?:“你想要某物L(fēng)ets do sth? What should I do
19、? ( should表示請(qǐng)求、征詢(xún)對(duì)方意見(jiàn)) 2.學(xué)會(huì)談?wù)搯?wèn)題和學(xué)會(huì)用why don't you提建議向別人發(fā)出邀請(qǐng),請(qǐng)求,建議,或征求某人的意見(jiàn)的表達(dá)方式: Why dont you do something? =Why not do something? 你為什么不做某事呢? 來(lái)表示請(qǐng)求、征詢(xún)對(duì)方意見(jiàn)until, so that ,although引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句:1)until:在帶
20、有till或until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句里,如果主句用肯定式,其含義是“一直到時(shí)”,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如果主句用否定式,其含義是“直到才”, “在以前不”, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用瞬間動(dòng)詞。Dont get off until the bus stops. 2)so that引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句(為了,以便)例如:He studies hard so that he could work better in
21、60;the future 3)although的用法意思相當(dāng)于though(盡管,雖然),引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)的從句不能與并列連詞but,and, so等連用,但可以和yet, still等詞連用。 例如:Although he was tired, he went on working.盡管他很累,但是他繼續(xù)工作。 Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 1. 基本概
22、念:過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。這一特定的過(guò)去時(shí)間除有上下文暗示以外, 一般用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)來(lái)表示。 2. 結(jié)構(gòu) was / were ( not ) + 動(dòng)詞-ing 3. 句式 肯定式: I/He/She/It was working.
23、0;We/You/They/ were working. 否定式: I/He/She/It was not working. We/You/They/ were not working. 疑問(wèn)式和簡(jiǎn)略回答: Was I working? Yes, you were. No, you
24、;were not. Were you working? Yes, I was. No, I was not. Was he/she/it working? Yes, he/she/it was. No, he/she/it was not. Were we/you/they working? Yes, you/we/they
25、were. No, you/we/they were not. 注: 1) was not??s略為wasnt; were not??s略為werent。 2) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)與過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)用法的比較: 一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生過(guò)的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài), 而過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)則表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 例如: David wrote a letter to his fr
26、iend last night. 大衛(wèi)昨晚給他的朋友寫(xiě)了封信。(信寫(xiě)完了。) David was writing a letter to his friend last night. 大衛(wèi)昨晚一直在給他的朋友寫(xiě)信。(信不一定寫(xiě)完。)4.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)中的when和while when, while 區(qū)別: 1) 由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,主句用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),從句應(yīng)用一般過(guò)
27、去時(shí); 由while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,主句用一般過(guò)去時(shí),從句應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 When the teacher came in, we were talking. 當(dāng)此句改變主從句的位置時(shí),則為: While we were talking, the teacher came in. 2)如果從句和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,兩句都用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)候,多用while引導(dǎo)。如:&
28、#160; They were singing while we were dancing. Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains1. unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句 unless = if not 除非,若不 They will go tomorrow unless it rains.&
29、#160;= They will go tomorrow if it doesnt rains. 2. as soon as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 就 He will come and see you as soon as he can. 3. so.that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句 句型1:主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+so+形容詞/副詞+that從句
30、The wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward. 句型2: so +形容詞 + a/an + 單數(shù)名詞 + that從句 It was so hot a day that they all went swimming. 句
31、型3. so + many/ few + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + that從句 He has so few friends that he often feels lonely. 句型4: so +much/ little + 不可數(shù)名詞 + that 從句 I had so
32、60;little money that I couldnt buy a pen. Unit 7 Whats the highest mountain in the world?形容詞副詞的原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí) (一)原級(jí)句型: 1. A is as+原級(jí)+ as+ B 表示A 與B一樣eg: He is as tall as me.2.A is
33、 not as/so +原級(jí)+ as B表示A不如Beg:He is not as tall as me. 3.只能修飾原級(jí)的詞,very,quite,so,too,so, enough, pretty等 例如,He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再繼續(xù)走了。 (2) 比較級(jí)句型 可以修飾比較級(jí)的詞,much
34、,a lot,far,的多a little,a bit,一點(diǎn)兒 even甚至,still仍然 Eg. Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two.第一課比第二課容易得多。 Tom looks even younger than
35、;before.湯姆甚至比以前更年輕。 1.當(dāng)句中有than 時(shí)則用比較級(jí)。 eg: He is fatter than me. 2當(dāng)句子中的比較對(duì)象為兩者時(shí)用比較級(jí):“特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be+形容詞比較級(jí),A or B?” eg: Which is bigger,the earth or the moon?哪一個(gè)大,地球還是月球? 3. “比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”表示“越來(lái)越”。
36、 eg.The flowers are more and more beautiful.花兒越來(lái)越漂亮。 加more構(gòu)成比較級(jí)的形容詞則用more and more +形容詞表示越來(lái)越 eg: English is more and more important. 4. “the+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí)”表示“越,越”。
37、Eg. The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes youll make. 5. “A+be+the+形容詞比較級(jí)+of the two+”表示“A是兩者中較的”。 Eg.Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the
38、 two. 6. A+be+形容詞比較級(jí)+than+any other+單數(shù)名詞(+介詞短語(yǔ))” 表示“A比同一范圍的任何一個(gè)人/物都”,含義是“A最”。 Eg. The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China. =The Yangtze River is t
39、he longest river in China. (三)最高級(jí)常用句型結(jié)構(gòu) 1“主語(yǔ)+be+the+形容詞最高級(jí)+單數(shù)名詞+in/of短語(yǔ)”表示“是中最的”。 eg:Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students. This apple is the biggest o
40、f the five. 2“主語(yǔ)+be+one of the+形容詞最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+in/of短語(yǔ)”表示“是中最之一”。 Eg:Beijing is one of the largest cities in China. 3 “特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be+the+最高級(jí)+A,B,or C?”用于三者以上 eg Which is the biggest? The moon,t
41、he sun or ths earth? 4. “the +序數(shù)詞+最高級(jí)+單數(shù)名詞+范圍”。表示是第幾大() eg: The Yellow River is the second longest river in China . 【注意】形容詞最高級(jí)之前要加the,但當(dāng)最高級(jí)之前有形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格時(shí)則不用加the eg: He is th
42、e best student in my class. He is my best friend. (4) 形容詞副詞的規(guī)則與不規(guī)則變化 l 規(guī)則變化 1.一般在詞尾直接加er或est,例如,tall-taller-tallest,long-longer-longest 2. 以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的單詞在詞尾直接加r或st,例如,nice-nicer-nicest
43、; 3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞,把y變?yōu)閕,再加er或est,例如,heavy-heavier-heaviest 4.重讀閉音節(jié),末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母,雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母,再加er或est,eg. big-bigger-biggest 5. 部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞分別在原級(jí)前加more構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和most構(gòu)成最高級(jí),例如,slowly-more slowly-most slowly;beautiful- more beautiful-most beautiful不規(guī)則變化原級(jí) 比較級(jí)&
44、#160;最高級(jí)good/well better best bad/badly/ill worse worstmany/much more mostlittleless least far farther farthest further furthestold older Oldest(無(wú)血緣關(guān)系的)elder eldest(有血緣關(guān)系) Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island
45、yet?Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum?現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) (Present Perfect Tense) (1)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。 Its so dark. 太黑了。 Someone has turned off the light. 有人把燈關(guān)上了。 (2)表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始并一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。 常與since+過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn),for+一段時(shí)
46、間,since+時(shí)間段+ego, so far等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 Eg. I have lived here for ten years.我已經(jīng)住在這里10年了。(從10年前開(kāi)始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還住這兒) Eg. I have lived here since 2003. 自從2003年我就住在這兒。(從2003年開(kāi)始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還住這兒) (3) 基本結(jié)構(gòu)及句型轉(zhuǎn)換:主語(yǔ)+have/has+過(guò)去分詞(
47、done) (當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)has,其余人稱(chēng)用have。) 肯定句:主語(yǔ)+have/has+過(guò)去分詞+其他 I have finished my homework. (肯定句) 否定句:主語(yǔ)+have/has+not+過(guò)去分詞+其他 I have not finished my homework. (否定句)一般疑問(wèn)句:Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+其他 Have y
48、ou finished your homework? Yes, I have. / No, I havent, (一般疑問(wèn)句及肯定、否定回答) (4)has gone (to), has been (to), has been (in) 的區(qū)別 Ø Have/Has gone(to) :去了(現(xiàn)在不在說(shuō)話現(xiàn)場(chǎng)) Eg
49、. -Where is your father? -He has gone to Shanghai. Ø Have/Has been (to) :去過(guò)(已不在去過(guò)的地方) Eg. My father has been to Shanghai. Ø Have/has been in:呆了多久(還在所呆的地方
50、) Eg. My father has been in Shanghai for two months. =My father has been in Shanghai since two months ago. (5)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志: 常與just, already, yet, ever, never, befo
51、re, so far 等連用,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的完成,不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)。 Have you ever been to Japan? I have just finished my homework. for + 時(shí)間段;since + 過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn);since + 段時(shí)間 ago;since + 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子。 They have&
52、#160;known each other for five years. Since he was a child, he has lived in England.(6) 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞的變化 規(guī)則變化: 1. 一般在動(dòng)詞詞尾直接加ed。如:pick picked picked; wish wished
53、60; wished; stay stayed stayed 2. 以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后面加d。如:like liked liked; hope hoped hoped; phone phoned phoned 3. 以輔音字母 + y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,變y為i,再加-ed。如:study studied studied; hurry hurried hurried; reply replied replied 4. 詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)動(dòng)詞,要雙寫(xiě)輔音字母,再加-ed。如:stop stopped stopped; clap clapped clapped 不規(guī)
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