越南學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)漢語語法常見的四種偏誤分析_摘要1

1、越南學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)漢語語法常見的四種偏誤分析研究生姓名:李依霖 導(dǎo)師姓名:孫建元教授學(xué) 科 專 業(yè):漢語言文字學(xué) 研究方向:對外漢語教學(xué)年 級:2005級提要漢語是世界上使用人數(shù)最多的語種,中國改革開放以來,隨著全球化進(jìn)程的 不斷擴(kuò)大和加深、政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化等各方面的頻繁交流,使?jié)h語在世界上占有 舉足輕重的地位,所以對外漢語教學(xué)發(fā)展得非常迅速,由于地理位置相鄰母語為 越南語的學(xué)習(xí)者日益增多。目前,該學(xué)習(xí)領(lǐng)域也存在著不少問題,較為突出的就 是語法問題。雖該領(lǐng)域的研究對語法涉足得也不少,但對于語法偏誤的類型的研 究卻不多。因此,我決定在前人研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,采取語料搜集、問卷調(diào)查等 形式,加上本人五年來

2、的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn),搜集越南學(xué)生的語法偏誤實(shí)例,找出數(shù)量最 多、使用頻率最高、學(xué)生困難最大的偏誤類型,通過對具體數(shù)據(jù)的計(jì)量統(tǒng)計(jì),本 人決定對其作出進(jìn)一步的探討。文章以問卷調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),對越南學(xué)生在使用漢語的過程中作出了全面的 量化分析,除了以問卷測試形式對一、二年級越南學(xué)生、進(jìn)行的定量研究、考察 以外,加上本人在五年教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)中,累積的學(xué)生練習(xí),作業(yè),運(yùn)用科學(xué)統(tǒng)計(jì)的方 法對結(jié)果進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn),結(jié)合語言遷移進(jìn)行對比分析,對偏誤現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了探討和分 析。在對越南學(xué)生習(xí)得漢語語法常見的一些偏誤現(xiàn)象分析的基礎(chǔ)上,對中越相關(guān) 語法偏誤進(jìn)行研究,歸納偏誤典型類。通過分析,把搜集到的資料按魯建驥在外國人學(xué)漢語的語法偏誤分析

3、語 言文字應(yīng)用 1994年第一期中,開始進(jìn)行越南學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)漢語語法常見的四種典型偏 誤分析 1. 遺漏偏誤 2.誤加偏誤 3. 誤代偏誤 4. 錯(cuò)序偏誤,在分類時(shí)力求做到把即共 性和差異歸類。分析時(shí),從對外漢語教學(xué)的角度出發(fā),特別是對越南學(xué)生易出錯(cuò) 的地方進(jìn)行了深入細(xì)致的說明。漢語和越語在詞匯上有著不少共同點(diǎn),導(dǎo)致越南人學(xué)漢語在很大程度上傾向 于依賴母語。這便是語言中的語言遷移現(xiàn)象。另外補(bǔ)充說明越南學(xué)生漢語習(xí)得偏 誤原因:越南學(xué)生漢語習(xí)得偏誤原因概說、母語為越南語負(fù)遷移的影響。最后總 結(jié)了越南學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)漢語語法常見的四種典型偏誤分析和習(xí)得順序考察的教與學(xué)的 啟示。希望通過本人的淺薄之見可以提高對越

4、南學(xué)生的教學(xué)效果,提高學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí) 效率,也希望本論文將有助于整個(gè)對外漢語教學(xué)。關(guān)鍵詞:母語遷移;偏誤分析;對外漢語教學(xué)Analyzing four errors in grammar for thoseVietnamese students studying ChineseStudent's name: Li Yi Lin Support professor: Pro. Sun Jian Yuan Specialty : Chinese linguitics grammar studies Course : 2005Research topic : Teaching chinese f

5、oreign languageAbstractChinese is one of few languages that a lot of people use to communicate in global, from time that China renovated and opened trading door to now, then the globalization and non-stop exchanging cultural, economic and politics relations, etc. Therefore, Chinese is occupying an i

6、mportant and considerable position on the world, so that teaching Chinese for foreigners is quickly developing now. In which, Vietnamese is more and more studying Chinese but most of them usually meet some popular problems such as grammar, in spite that some researchers have been finding out what th

7、e obstacles are. However, the research of popular errors in grammar had not been done or not much before. Therefore, I would like to base on the results of the previous researchers, collecting databases, distributing Reference Coupon, and 5-year experience in teaching to give out the most general an

8、d rate, as well as the problems and issues have been facing by students. From the above analysis, scientific and statistical evaluation, I'd like myself to go deeper for this matter.The first is to issue Reference Coupon, getting and analyzing grammar points for those Vietnamese students studyin

9、g Chinese and doing classify them. Beside of trying to get general opinion from fresh students to research and find out the matters, as well as my 5-year experience in teaching that I have been gathering from the exercises at class and homework. I made use of scientific statistics to bring these res

10、ults out and verify them all kind of way, in combination of language transfer, collation analyze, error analyze for my research. Afterwards, I did try to summarize all those obstacles that Vietnamese students usually face. And then is to base on the previous foundation of documentation to make resea

11、rch of grammar errors or find out the complication between Vietnamese and Chinese, to catch the key points.The majority that there are so many same points between traditional Chinese and Vietnamese, leading to the subjective to those Vietnamese students studying Chinese. During the studying process, these students stud