英語八年級上仁愛湘教版unit 4 topic 2 i am sure th

1、初二英語初二英語 UnitUnit 4 4 TopicTopic 2 2 I I amam suresure therethere areare nono UFOs.UFOs. 仁愛仁愛版版【本講教育信息本講教育信息】一. 教學內(nèi)容：Unit 4 Our World Topic 2 I am sure there are no UFOs.二、重點、難點：（a）核心單詞：robot 機器人 scientist 科學家 appear 出現(xiàn) situation 情況，形勢repair 修理，修補 machine 機器 mend 修理，修補 lazy 懶惰的 UFO 不明飛行物 toward 向，朝，

2、對于 planet 行星man-made 人造的，人工的 balloon 氣球 seem 似乎，好像alien 外星人 real 真實的，確實的 download 下載 useless 無用的list 把列表，列舉，名單，目錄 order 順序，命令press 按，壓，新聞界，出版社 button 按鈕，紐扣 plug 把塞住，塞子（b）常用詞組：take the place of 取代，代替 in danger 處在危險狀態(tài) mistake for 把錯當成 seem to 似乎，好像，看來call for 尋求，需要，號召，提倡 wake up 把叫醒in alphabetical ord

3、er 按字母表順序排列 pay attention to 注意begin with 以開始 and so on 等等plug in 接通（電源） ，把（插頭）插進（插座）（c）重要句型：Robots can take the place of humans to do hard and boring work in some work situations .We shouldnt spend too much time on the Internet. When you look up a word in the dictionary, pay attention to the firstl

4、etter of the word.（d）交際用語： Could you tell me something about robots? Of course. What can robots do for us ? Robots can take the place of humans to do hard and boring work in some work situations. Im sure there are no UFOs. Are you sure you plugged it in? Yes, Im sure. /No, Im not sure.（e）語法精粹： 1. 過去

5、進行時 2. whether ,if 引導的賓語從句 3. be sure 句型 Last night while Jim was sleeping, he saw a UFO flying over his head. Im not sure whether /if robots will make humans lose their jobs. Im sure robots will make humans lose their jobs.三、具體內(nèi)容：Section A 1. Kangkang, could you tell me something about robots? 康康，請

6、給我講一講關(guān)于機器人的情況好嗎？ Could you？ Could you please？請您好嗎？ Could I please？我可以嗎？本句型用于請求允許做某事，語氣較婉轉(zhuǎn)、客氣。其中句中含有 some, something，不必變?yōu)?any, anything。如： Could I ask you some questions? 我可以問你一些問題嗎？ Would you like something to eat? 你想要一些吃的東西嗎？ Will you please give me a glass of water? 你可以給我一杯水嗎？ 2. But before that,

7、something like robots appeared. 但是在這之前，像機器人的東西已出現(xiàn)過。 appear 在這作不及物動詞， “出現(xiàn)，呈現(xiàn)” She didnt appear. 她沒出現(xiàn)，她沒來。 appear 也可作系動詞，意為“似乎，看來，顯得” ，含義近似 seem。appear to do sth. 如：He appeared to be friendly to me. 他似乎顯得對我很友好。 There appeared to be only one room. 似乎只有一個房間。 appear + adj（形容詞） You appeared all right when

8、 I left. 我離開時，你看起來不錯。 They appeared happy. 他們顯得很高興。 It appears / appeared that 如：It appeared that I was wrong. 看起來是我錯了。 3. Robots may take the place of humans in some work situation. 在某些工作中機器人可以代替人。 take the place of “代替” “取代”如：Now gas takes the place of coal in cooking. 現(xiàn)在煤氣代替煤來做飯。 TV set can never

9、 take the place of cinema.電視機永遠不能取代電影院。 4. They can also do lots of dangerous work instead of humans. 他們還能代替人類做許多危險的工作。 instead of復(fù)合介詞， “代替” “替” “而不” 如：Ill go to Beijing instead of Shanghai. 我要去北京而不去上海。 The teacher asked Lily to play basketball instead of me. 老師喊莉莉代替我去打籃球。 5. Im sure robots can do s

10、ome work better than humans. 我相信機器人做某些工作比人做得更好。 sure：形容詞， “肯定的，確信的”。 如：Im sure that our team will win the game. 我相信我們的球隊會贏得這場比賽。 Im sure he can help me. 我相信他能幫助我。 6. Robots can do many kinds of jobs. 機器人能做很多種工作。 Robots can do hard work. 機器人能做艱苦的工作。 work 與 job （1）job“工作” ，可數(shù)名詞 如：Whats your job? 你是干什么

11、的？ Jobs are not easy to get. 工作不好找。 （2）work“工作” ，不可數(shù)名詞 Its hard work. 它是一項艱苦的工作。 I cant find work in this town. 在這個鎮(zhèn)上我不能找到工作。 （3）work“工作”動詞 I work in a hospital. 我在一所醫(yī)院里工作。 The kitchen fan doesnt work. 廚房風扇不工作了。廚房風扇壞了。 Section B 1. I saw a UFO while I was walking down the street yesterday. 昨天我在大街上走時

12、，看到了飛碟。 while 與 when while 連詞“當時候” ， “和同時”引導時間狀語從句。 一般指一段時間，從句與主句的謂語所表示的動作一般同時發(fā)生。 如：Please be quiet while Im speaking to you. 在我對你們講話時，請安靜。 when 既可指一個時間點，也可指一段時間，從句與主句的謂語動詞所表示的動作或狀態(tài)可以同時發(fā)生，也可以一先一后分別發(fā)生。如： I was watching TV when the telephone rang. 當電話響時我正在看電視。 When I got to the station, the train had

13、left. 當我到達車站時，火車已經(jīng)離開了。 2. Im quite sure there are UFOs. 我深信有不明飛行物存在。 （1）be sure of（about）對有把握 Are you sure about it? 你對此有把握嗎？ Im sure of myself. 我對自己有把握。 （2）be sure to do 一定會干 He is sure to win the game. 他一定會贏得比賽。 They are sure to come early. 他們一定會早來的。 （3）be sure that 引導從句，其中 that 可省略。相信Im sure they

14、 will win the game. 我相信他們會贏得這場比賽。 Im sure he will come. 我相信他會來。 （4）be（not）sure + whether / if 引導從句（不）確信是否Im not sure whether they can come or not. 我不能肯定他們是否會來。 Im not sure if there are UFOs. 我不能肯定是否有不明飛行物。 3. Until now, even the scientists arent sure whether there are UFOs. 直到現(xiàn)在，甚至連科學家也不確信是否有不明飛行物。

15、until now 直到現(xiàn)在 Until now, nobody in the class has a computer. 直到現(xiàn)在，班上沒有一個人有電腦。 4. There are no living things on other planets. 其他行星上沒有生物。 no 形容詞， “沒有” ，相當于 not any, not a /an 如：We have no classes on Sunday. 星期天我們不上課。 = We dont have any classes on Sunday. She has no pen. = She doesnt have a pen. 她沒有鋼

16、筆。5. People often mistake some man-made objects such as a kite or a balloon for a UFO. 人們常常把一些人造的物體，諸如風箏、氣球錯認成飛碟。 mistake 動詞“弄錯、誤解、錯認” 。 mistake +名詞+for+名詞，把錯認為 I mistake you for my brother. 我把你錯認為我弟弟。 mistake 名詞“錯誤、差錯”make a mistake 犯錯誤 by mistake 錯誤地 He often makes some mistakes in his exam. 他在考試中

17、經(jīng)常犯一些錯誤。 He took my pen by mistake. 他錯拿了我的鋼筆。 6. Nobody seems to have really seen a UFO. 似乎沒有人真正看見過飛碟。 seem 的用法 （1）seem 系動詞“好像、似乎”與 appear 相近。 如：She always seems sad. 她似乎總是很憂傷。 He seemed an honest man. 他看上去是個老實人。 I seemed to have a cold. 我好像感冒了。 It seems like years since I saw you last time. 自從上次見到你

18、以后，好象過了很久。 It seems that he is lying. 看起來他在撒謊。 It seems as if our team is going to win. 看起來我們隊要勝了。 補充注示：1. What are you thinking about? 你正在想什么？ think about think of think over think about 意為考慮、思考，與 think of 同義。 如：Im thinking about/ of where to spend my holiday. 我正在考慮到哪里去度假。 think of 作想起、認為時與 think a

19、bout 不同。 如：She often thinks of her old friends. 她經(jīng)常想起她的老朋友。 think over 意為仔細考慮、思考。over 為副詞、代詞應(yīng)放在其前。 如：I thought it over last Sunday. 上個星期天我仔細考慮那件事。 Let me think over this difficult problem. 讓我仔細思考這道難題。 2. The plants stay green longer there. 在那里，植物保持綠色的時間更長。 stay 表示繼續(xù)保持某種狀態(tài)，后接形容詞做表語。 如：The shop stays

20、open till 12 oclock. 這家商店到 12 點才打烊。 We must stay happy. 我們必須保持快樂。 3. In this area, there is very little rain. 這個地區(qū)幾乎沒有雨。 few a few little a little few 與可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)連用，表示否定。意思“很少，幾乎沒有” 如：He is a man of few words. 他是個沉默寡言的人。 He knows few friends here. 他在這里幾乎不認識朋友。 little 與不可數(shù)名詞連用，表示否定，意思“很少，幾乎沒有” There is l

21、ittle water in the glass. 杯子里幾乎沒有水了。 I have little interest in politics. 我對政治沒有什么興趣。 a few, a little 表示肯定，一些，與 some 意思接近，但 a few 修飾可數(shù)名詞，a little 修飾不可數(shù)名詞。 There are a few eggs, a little bread in the fridge. 冰箱里有一些雞蛋，一些面包。 4. In summer, rocks, streams and forests are even more beautiful, with blue ski

22、es, clear lakes and fast-flowing rivers. 夏天，巖石、小溪和森林更美麗，同時還有藍天、清澈的湖泊和湍急的河流。 with 為介詞，表示行為方式的用法。 with名詞（代詞）介詞短語 With a book in her hand, Miss Li comes into the classroom. 李老師手里拿著一本書走進了教室。 with名詞（代詞）adj 形（adv 副） He often sleeps with the windows open. 他經(jīng)常開著窗戶睡覺。 形容詞的比較級可以被 even“更”much“得多”等副詞修飾。much, a

23、lot, a little, even, still 表示比較的程度。 如：It was cold yesterday, but it is even colder today. 昨天很冷，今天更冷。 This book is much more interesting than that one. 這本書比那本書要有趣多了。5. Thousands and thousands of animals live in rainforests. 千千萬萬的動物生活在熱帶雨林。 hundred 百 500 five hundred800 eight hundred thousand 千 5000 f

24、ive thousand8000 eight thousand 注意：hundred, thousand 前加基數(shù)詞時，不加 s，不用復(fù)數(shù)形式。thousands of 成千上萬的，hundreds of 成百上千的 注意與介詞 of 連用時，hundred, thousand 要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 There are two thousand students in our school. 在我們學校里有兩千學生。 Thousands of foreigners come to China every year. 每年成千上萬的外國人來到中國。 6. They cant live at all w

25、ithout water. 沒有水，他們根本不能活。 without 介詞“沒有”，反義詞 with 如：He goes to school without breakfast every day. 他每天沒吃早餐就去上學。 He worked all day without having any rest. 他整整干了一天，一點沒有休息。 7. Isnt it interesting? 它真有趣，不是嗎？ 這種問句，稱為否定疑問句，表示贊嘆、驚訝等。 如：Arent these pictures beautiful? 這些圖畫難道不漂亮嗎？ 8. It is one of the most

26、dangerous fish in the world. 它是世界上最危險的魚之一。 one ofthe最高級形式名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，意為“最之一” He is one of the tallest boys in our class. 他是我們班最高的男孩之一。 She is one of the most popular teachers in the school. 她是學校里最受歡迎的老師之一。 9. Its so strange! 這多奇怪?。?本句為感嘆句，形式上是陳述句形式，但帶有強烈的感情。 They do it so quickly! 他們做得多快??！ He is so cleve

27、r! 他多聰明??！【典型例題典型例題】1. “Where _ my umbrella?” “Somebody _ it away by mistake.”A. is, must have taken B. is, must takeC. have been, must take D. is, takes2. What _ would happen if the director（指導員，指揮者；長官；理事，董事；校長，社長；(工廠的)廠長，(車間)主任。 ） knew you felt that way?A. will you suppose B. you supposeC. do you s

28、uppose D. you would suppose3. Two eyes _see more than one.A. can B. may C. will D. should4. _ you continue in your efforts （成就，努力的成果；杰作。 ）and achieve（完成，做到；獲得（勝利等） ；達到（目的） ，實現(xiàn)。 ）new and greater successes.A. Would B. Will C. May D. Should 5. We ought to help each other in our work, _?A. oughtnt we B.

29、 should we C. shouldnt we D. ought to we6. Tom _ better than to ask Dick for help.A. shall know B. shouldnt know C. has known D. should have known7. You _ your tooth pulled out before it rot （腐爛；朽壞；）completely.A. had better got B. had to get better C. had better to get D. had better get8. When we go

30、t to the cinema, the film hasnt started yet, so we _.A. neednt hurry B. didnt need hurryC. neednt to hurry D. neednt have hurried9. It was really very dangerous; you _ him seriously.A. might have injured （損害，毀壞。 ） B. could injureC. should have injured D. must injure 10. As he had heard attack（攻擊）, h

31、e was told that he _ continue the work.A. neednt B. may not C. mustnt D. cant11. An Englishman who _not speak Italian was once traveling in Italy.A. must B. could C. may D. might12. I _like to make a suggestion.A. could B. would C. must D. might13. I know things are hard with you, but you _try to ge

32、t over the difficulties.A. can B. may C. must D. ought14. I cant find the recorder in the room. It _ by somebody.A. may have been taken away B. may leaveC. may take away D. must have taken away15. He _the 9:20 train because he didnt leave home till 9:25.A. can reach B. could catchC. may not catch D.

33、 couldnt have caught答案：答案：1. A 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. A6. D 7. D 8. D 9. A 10. C11. B 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 【模擬試題模擬試題】 （答題時間：30 分鐘）一. 綜合能力訓練： 閱讀理解。EATING OUT IN THE USAIn the USA, there are many types of restaurant. Fast food restaurants are very famous. You can find McDonalds and Kentucky Fried Chicke

34、n in many countries around the world. You look at a menu above the counter（柜臺） ，and say what youd like to eat. You pay the person who serves（服務(wù)）you. You take your food and sit down or take it away. Theres no need to leave a tip（小費）.In a coffee shop you sit at the counter or at a table. You dont wait

35、 for the waitress to show you where to sit. She usually brings you coffee when you sit down. You tell her what youd like to eat and she brings it to you. You pay the cashier（收銀員）as you leave. A diner is like a coffee shop but usually looks like a railway carriage（火車車廂）. In a family restaurant, the a

36、tmosphere（氣氛）is casual（隨意的） ，but the waitress shows you where to sit. Often the waitress tells you her name，but you dont need to tell her yours. If you dont eat everything，your waitress gives you a doggy bag（打包袋）to take your food home. You add an extra（另外的）fifteen percent（百分之）to the bill as a tip. I

37、n top class restaurants，you need a reservation（預(yù)訂）and you need to arrive on time. The waiter shows you where to sit. If you have wine，he may ask you to taste it. You can only refuse（拒絕）it if it tastes bad，not if you dont like it. When you get your bill，check it and then add fifteen to twenty per cen

38、t to it as a tip for the waiter. 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，回答下列問題。1. How many types of restaurants are there？2. Where should you sit in a coffee shop？3. In what kind of restaurant does the waitress often tell you her name？4. How much do you need to tip in a top class restaurant？二、課本要點：（A）單項選擇。1. What do people drink i

39、n America？They drink _. A. potatoes and beef B. wine and beer C. cakes and juice D. bread and cabbages 2. Most of westerners（西方人）eat with _. A. knives and forks B. chopsticks C. spoons D. their hands 3. I like to eat rice and pork, _. A. my brother does so B. so does my brother C. so my brother does

40、D. does my brother so 4. John doesnt _ go out in the summer，so he certainly wont go swimming. A. never B. ever C. even D. since 5. In a position（位置）like this, one can _ stand up _ lie down. A. not；any more B. both；and C. either；or D. neither；nor 6. Running is very good _ your health. A. for B. to C. with D. on 7. Would you like _ ？A. else anythingB. other thing C. anything elseD. something