小升初英語基礎知識

1、小升初英語復習基礎知識一、應該掌握的縮寫形式練習寫出下列詞的完全形式cant_Id_arent_theyre _ lets_wasnt_thats_dont _ whens_didnt_youre_doesnt _ hes_shes_Im_isnt _Ive_shouldnt_Ill_whos _二、人稱代詞和物主代詞一、語法人稱代詞物主代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性我 I me 我的 my mine你,你們 you you 你的,你們的 your yours 他 he him 他的 his his她 she her 她的 her hers它 it it 它的 its its我們 we us 我們

2、的 our ours他(她,它們 they them 他(她,它們的 their theirs二.練習:用所給詞的適當形式填空1. That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big. ( I 2. The dress is _. Give it to _. ( she 3. Is this _ watch? (you No, its not _ . ( I 4. _ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _. ( he 5. _ dresses ar

3、e red. (we What colour are _? ( you 6. Here are many dolls, which one is _ ? ( she 7. I can find my toy, but wheres _? ( you 8. Show _ your kite, OK? (they9. I have a beautiful cat. _name is Mimi. These cakes are _. ( it 10. Are these _ tickets? No, _ are not_. _ arent here. ( they 11. Shall _ have

4、a look at that classroom? That is _ classroom. ( we 12. _ is my aunt. Do you know _ job? _a nurse. ( she 13. That is not _ camera. _is at home. ( he 14. Where are _? I cant find _. Lets call _ parents. ( they 15. Dont touch _. _ not a cat, _ atiger!16. _ sister is ill. Please go and get _. ( she 17.

5、 _ dont know her name. Would you please tell_. ( we 18. So many dogs. Lets count _. ( they 19. I have a lovely brother. _ is only 3. I like_ very much. ( he 20. May I sit beside _? ( you 21. Look at that desk. Those book are on _. ( it 22.The girl behind _ is our friend. (she 三、一般現(xiàn)在時中be動詞的用法一、語法一般現(xiàn)在

6、時中be動詞,有am, is, are,be動詞隨它前面的主語變化。Am用于第一人稱I后面;Is用于第三人稱單數(shù)或單個人或物后,如she、he、his mother、his father 等后面。are用于第二人稱或第一、三人稱復數(shù)或復數(shù)的人或物后面,如: you、we、they等。二、用am, is, are填空1. I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not.2. The girl_ Jack's sister.3. The dog _ tall and fat.4. The man with big eyes _ a teacher.5. _ your

7、 brother in the classroom?6. Where _ your mother? She _ at home.7. How _ your father?8. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school.9. Whose dress _ this?10. Whose socks _ they?11. That _ my red skirt.12. Who _ I?13.The jeans _ on the desk.14.Here _ a scarf for you.15. Here _ some sweaters for you.16. The black gl

8、oves _ for Su Yang.17. This pair of gloves _ for Yang Ling.18. The two cups of milk _ for me.19. Some tea _ in the glass.20. Gao shan's shirt _ over there.21. My sister's name _Nancy.22. This _ not Wang Fang's pencil.23. _ David and Helen from England?24. There _ a girl in the room.25. T

9、here _ some apples on the tree.26. _ there any kites in the classroom?27. _ there any apple juice in the bottle?28. There _ some bread on the plate.29. There _ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.30. You, he and I _ from China.四、There be 與have, has的區(qū)別一、語法:1、There be 句型表示:在某地有某物(或人;

10、2、在there be 句型中,主語是單數(shù),be 動詞用is ; 主語是復數(shù),be 動詞用are ; 如有幾件物品,be 動詞根據(jù)最靠近be 動詞的那個名詞決定。3、there be 句型的否定句在be 動詞后加not , 一般疑問句把be 動詞調到句首。4、there be句型與have(has 的區(qū)別:there be 表示在某地有某物(或人;have(has 表示某人擁有某物。5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的運用:some 用于肯定句, any 用于否定句或疑問句。6、and 和or 在there be句型中的運用:and 用于肯定句, or 用于否定句或疑問句。7、

11、針對數(shù)量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結構是:How many + 名詞復數(shù) + are there + 介詞短語?How much + 不可數(shù)名詞 + is there + 介詞短語?8、針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結構是:Whats + 介詞短語?二、練習:(一Fill in the blank with “have,has”or “there is , there are”1. I_a good father and a good mother.2. _a telescope on the desk.3. He_a tape-recorder.4. _a basketball in the p

12、layground.5. She_some dresses.6. They_a nice garden.7. What do you_?8. _a reading-room in the building?9. What does Mike_?10. _any books in the bookcase?11. My father_a story-book.12. _a story-book on the table.13. _any flowers in the vase?14. How many students_in the classroom?15. My parents_some n

13、ice pictures.16. _some maps on the wall.17. _a map of the world on the wall.18. David_a telescope.19. Davids friends_some tents.20. _many children on the hill.(二用恰當?shù)腷e動詞填空。1、There a lot of sweets in the box.2、There some milk in the glass.3、There some people under the the big tree.4、There a picture a

14、nd a map on the wall.5、There a box of rubbers near the books.6、There lots of flowers in our garden last year.7、There a tin of chicken behind the fridge yesterday.8、There four cups of coffee on the table.(三Fill in the blank with “ have, has ”1. I_ a nice puppet.2. He_a good friend.3. They_ some masks

15、.4. We_some flowers.5. She_ a duck.6. My father_ a new bike.7. Her mother_a vase.8. Our teacher_ an English book.9. Our teachers_a basketball.10. Their parents_some blankets11. Nancy_many skirts.12. David_some jackets.13. My friends_a football.14. What do you_?15. What does Mike_?16. What do your fr

16、iends_?17. What does Helen_?18. His brother_a basketball.19. Her sister_a nice doll.20. Miss Li_an English book.五、形容詞和副詞比較級一、語法(一形容詞的比較級1、形容詞比較級在句子中的運用:兩個事物或人的比較用比較級,比較級后面一般帶有單詞than。比較級前面可以用more, a little 來修飾表示程度。than后的人稱代詞用主格(口語中可用賓格。2.形容詞加er的規(guī)則:一般在詞尾加er ;以字母e 結尾,加r ;以一個元音字母和一個輔音字母結尾,應雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加e

17、r ;以“輔音字母+y”結尾,先把y變i,再加er 。3.不規(guī)則形容詞比較級:good-better, beautiful-more beautiful(二副詞的比較級1.形容詞與副詞的區(qū)別 (有be用形,有形用be;有動用副,有副用動在句子中形容詞一般處于名詞之前或be動詞之后副詞在句子中最常見的是處于實義動詞之后2.副詞比較級的變化規(guī)則基本與形容詞比較級相同 (不規(guī)則變化: well-better, far-farther二、練習(一寫出下列形容詞或副詞的比較級old_ young_ tall_ long_ short_ strong_ big_ small_fat_ thin_ heav

18、y_ light_nice_ good_ beautiful_ low_ high_ slow_ fast_late_ early_ far_ well_(二根據(jù)句意填入單詞的正確形式:1. My brother is two years _(oldthan me.2. Tom is as _(fat as Jim.3. Is your sister _(young than you? Yes,she is.4. Who is _(thin,you or Helen? Helen is.5. Whose pencil-box is _(big,yours or hers? Hers is.6.

19、 Marys hair is as _(long as Lucys.7.Ben _ (jump _ (high than some of the boys in his class.8._ Nancy sing _ (well than Helen? Yes, she _.9.Fangfang is not as _ (tall as the other girls.10.My eyes are _(big than _ (she.11.Which is _(heavy,the elephant or the pig?12.Who gets up _(early,Tim or Tom?13._

20、the girls get up_(early than theboys?No,they_.14. Jim runs _(slow. But Ben runs _(slow.15.The child doesnt_(write as _(fast as the students.(三翻譯句子:1、誰比Jim年紀大?是你。_ is _than Jim? _ are2、誰比David更強壯?是Gao Shan._ _ than David? Gao Shan _.3、誰的鉛筆更長,他的還是她的?我想是她的。_ pencil is _,_or_?_is,I think.4、誰的蘋果更重,你的姐姐的還

21、是你的弟弟的?我的弟弟的。_ apples _ _,your _ or your_?My _ _.5、你和你的叔叔一樣高嗎?是的。_ _as _as your uncle?Yes,I am.6、他和他的朋友Jim一樣年輕。He _ as _ as _ _ Jim.7、她和她的雙胞胎哥哥一樣胖嗎?不,她比他瘦。_ _ as _ as_ twin _?No, _ _ than him.8.Yang Ling每天睡得比SuYang晚。Yang Ling _ to _ _ than Su Yang every day.9.我跳得和Mike一樣遠。I _ as _ as Mike.10.Tom比你跑得快

22、嗎?不是的,他和我跑得一樣快。_ Tom _ _ than you?No,he _. He_ as_ as_.11.多做運動,你會更強壯。_ more exercise,youll _ _ soon.12.我的科學很好,但是語文不好。I _ _ at Science.But I dont _ well in Chinese.13. 你放風箏比王兵放得高嗎?不,我比他放得低。_you_the kite_than Wang bing?No,I_it_than_.14.我喜歡游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。I like_.All my_ _ _than me.15.我的姐姐起得比我早。My_ _ u

23、p _than me.16.女孩比男孩唱得好嗎?是的。_the girls_ _ _the boys? Yes,they _. 17.她不擅長體育。但我跳得沒有她高。She doesnt _ _ in PE. But I dont _ _than_.18.你足球踢得比你的同班同學好嗎?不,他們踢得和我一樣好。_ you _football _than yourclassmates?No,they_as_as me.19.我母親比我父親年紀小。My_ _ _than my _.20.她的毛衣和我的一樣重。_sweater_ as_as_.21.我的連衣裙太短了。我想買一條大點的。My dress

24、_ too_. I want to _a_one.22. I'm taller than Mike .(該成用原級的比較I'm _ as _ as Mike .六、基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞0 zero1 one first/1st 第一2 two second/2nd 第二3 three third/3rd 第三4 four fourth/4th 第四5 five fifth/5th 第五6 six sixth/6th 第六7 seven seventh/7th 第七8 eight eighth/8th 第八9 nine ninth/9th 第九10 ten tenth/10

25、th 第十11 eleven eleventh/11th 第十一12 twelve twelfth/12th 第十二13 thirteen thirteenth/13th 第十三14 fourteen fourteenth/14th 第十四15 fifteen fifteenth/15th 第十五16 sixteen sixteenth/16th 第十六17 seventeen seventeenth/17th 第十七18 eighteen eighteenth/18th 第十八19 nineteen nineteenth/19th 第十九20 twenty twentieth/20th 第二

26、十21 Twenty-one twenty-first/21st 第二十一22 Twenty-two twenty-second/22nd 第二十二23 Twenty-three twenty-third/23rd 第二十三30 thirty thirtieth/30th 第三十40 forty fortieth/40th 第四十50 fifty fiftieth/50th 第五十60 sixty sixtieth/60th 第六十70 seventy seventieth/70th 第七十80 eighty eightieth/80th 第八十90 ninety ninetieth/90th

27、 第九十100 hundred hundredth/100th 第一百七、名詞復數(shù)規(guī)則一、名詞復數(shù)規(guī)則1.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2.以s. x. sh. ch結尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes,watch-watches3.以“輔音字母+y”結尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries4.以“f或fe”結尾,變f或fe為v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives5.不規(guī)則名詞復數(shù):

28、man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen, mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese二、寫出下列各詞的復數(shù)I _him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _thief _yo-yo _

29、 peach_ sandwich _man_ woman_ paper_ juice_ water_ milk_ rice_ tea_ 八、主要時態(tài):一般現(xiàn)在時一、一般現(xiàn)在時的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如:The sky is blue.天空是藍色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六點起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉。二、一般現(xiàn)在時的構成1. be動詞:主語+be(am,is,are+其它。如:I am a boy.我是一個男孩。2.行為動詞:主語+行為

30、動詞(+其它。如:We study English.我們學習英語。當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it時,要在動詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。三、一般現(xiàn)在時的變化1. be動詞的變化。否定句:主語+ be + not +其它。如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑問句:Be +主語+其它。如:-Are you a student?-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.特殊疑問句:疑問詞+一般疑問句。如:Where is my bike?2.行為動詞的變

31、化。否定句:主語+ don't( doesn't +動詞原形(+其它。如:I don't like bread.當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時,要用doesn't構成否定句。如:He doesn't often play.一般疑問句:Do( Does +主語+動詞原形+其它。如:- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時,要用does構成一般疑問句。如:- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she

32、 doesn't.特殊疑問句:疑問詞+一般疑問句。如:How does your father go to work?動詞+s的變化規(guī)則1.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks2.以s. x. sh. ch. o結尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3.以“輔音字母+y”結尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:study-studies四、練習:(一寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ carry

33、_come_ watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_ teach_(二用括號內動詞的適當形式填空。1. He often _(have dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be in Class One.3. We _(not watch TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach us English on Sundays.9. She