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1、人教版高中英語必修五知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解 Units 1-2 1. doubt doubt 是高考中的高頻考查詞匯。 doubt 可作動(dòng)詞和名詞,是新課標(biāo)重點(diǎn)詞匯。其命題角度 為:作動(dòng)詞時(shí),若為肯定句,后跟賓語從句 ,通常用 if/whether 引導(dǎo),若為否定句,則通常 用 that 引導(dǎo)。 doubt 作名詞時(shí),通常用于 There is no doubt that .(毫無疑問)結(jié)構(gòu)。2010 年高考對(duì) doubt 的考查還將集中在其后跟從句時(shí)連接詞的選擇上, 也有可能將 doubt 與其他動(dòng)詞或名詞放在 一起進(jìn)行詞義辨析。 2. expose expose 是新課標(biāo)要求掌握的單詞, 應(yīng)重點(diǎn)掌握它
2、的義項(xiàng)及常見用法, 特別是 be exposed to 句 式,其中 to 為介詞,后跟名詞、代詞和動(dòng)名詞;同時(shí)注意 exposed to 作后置定語和用于句 首作狀語的用法。另外,being exposed to 結(jié)構(gòu)用動(dòng)名詞形式作主語也是重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn), 極易考 查。 預(yù)測 2010 年命題方向?yàn)?exposed to 作狀語和定語的用法。 3. absorb absorb 是新課標(biāo)重點(diǎn)單詞,重點(diǎn)掌握其“吸收(液體,熱) ;吸收,理解(知識(shí)) ”的詞義及 其 be absorbed in(全神貫注于 . )的用法,易考點(diǎn)為該短語位于句首作狀語和作后置定語兩 點(diǎn),考生應(yīng)能掌握 be absorb
3、ed by(為某事物所吸引);還應(yīng)聯(lián)系 be engaged in, be devoted to, be involved in 和 be lost in 等常見重點(diǎn)近義短語。 4. apart from apart from 是常見介詞短語,意為除 之外”,考生應(yīng)熟練掌握近義的詞和短語: except, besides, in addition (to), other than, except for, except that, except when 等。預(yù)測 2010 年高考 會(huì)在單項(xiàng)填空題中直接考查或者會(huì)出現(xiàn)在閱讀理解題中。 5. available available 是新課標(biāo)重點(diǎn)單
4、詞, 在近幾年高考和各地的模擬考試中出現(xiàn)的頻率極高, 主要考點(diǎn) 為:詞義(可得到的,可用的)。命題形式常為形容詞詞義辨析, 如區(qū)分 accessible, acceptable, sensible, favourite, average, convenient 等。用法。 be available to 意為可禾 U 用的” ,be available for 意為使 . 可以享受某物 使 . 買得起某物 ”,要了解二者的區(qū)別。 預(yù)測 2010 年高考命題會(huì)以考查詞義或者形容詞短語作后置定語為命題方向。 6. consist of con sist of 是近幾年高考高頻考查短語。理解其詞義組
5、成,構(gòu)成” 。考查與其他近義詞 組的用法異同點(diǎn)。如 be made up of, be composed of, constitute, be formed of 等。考生要特別 注意consist of 要用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá), 不用系表結(jié)構(gòu)。預(yù)測這一考點(diǎn)將成為 2010 年高考考查的 重點(diǎn),特別是用 consisting of 作后置定語。 7. break down 由 break 構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語是歷年高考命題的重點(diǎn)。 考生必須明確 break down的幾個(gè)常見義項(xiàng), 根據(jù)不同的語境加以判斷。 break down, break up, break off, break away, brea
6、k in 等,都要求 考生熟知它們的常見義項(xiàng), 因?yàn)槊}時(shí)可能會(huì)對(duì)該短語直接考查, 也可在短文中考查對(duì)其意 義的理解。 8. only+ 狀語(狀語從句)位于句首構(gòu)成部分倒裝 這是考生必須熟練掌握的句式之一,以往的高考題中已多次考查到。倒裝句式有多種情況,該句式為日常交際中較常見的一種。 特別提示: only 只有強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語或者狀語從句才構(gòu)成部分 倒裝,強(qiáng)調(diào)主語或賓語不用倒裝。 預(yù)測該句式是 2010 年高考命題考查的重點(diǎn)。 重要詞匯拓展 Unit 1 Great scientists 1. _ n. 特征;特性 2. _ vt.&vi.結(jié)束;推斷出T _ n.結(jié)論 3. _ vt. 打
7、?。粦?zhàn)勝;使受挫 4. _ vt.參加;出席;照顧;護(hù)理T _ n.參加;出席;侍從;看護(hù) 5. _ vt.暴露;揭露;使曝光T _ n.暴露;揭穿;揭發(fā) 6. _ vt.& n.治愈;痊愈T _ adj.可治愈的 _ vt.& n. 控制;支配 8. _ vt.吸收;吸引;使專心T _ adj.被吸收的;全神貫注的 9. _ adj. 嚴(yán)重的;嚴(yán)厲的;劇烈的 characteristic 2. conclude ; conclusion 3. defeat 4. attend; attendance 5. expose; exposure 6. cure; curable 7
8、. control 8. absorb; absorbed 9. severe 11.instruct ; instructive ; instructioninstructor 13. creative ; creation 15. cautious; caution 16. reject 18. analyse; analysis 19. pollute; pollution 1 put _ 提出 2 a conclusion 得出結(jié)論 3 in _ 另外 4. to an end 結(jié)束 5 .to .將和連接起來 6 from 除 .之外 7 be _ with 對(duì)嚴(yán)格的 8. lead
9、 _導(dǎo)致;通向 9 make _ 有道理;有意義;講得通 10. _ of view 態(tài)度;觀點(diǎn) 10. vt.旦布;通告T . 旦布;旦告;通知 11. vt.命令:指示:教導(dǎo)T adj.有教育意義的; 有指導(dǎo)意義的T 指示; 指令T n.教師:講師: 指導(dǎo)員 12. vt.&vi.扌冃獻(xiàn);貝獻(xiàn);扌冃助T _ n .貢獻(xiàn);奉獻(xiàn) 13. _ adj. 有創(chuàng)造力的;創(chuàng)造性的; 獨(dú)創(chuàng)的T n.創(chuàng)造;創(chuàng)作 14. adj.熱情的:熱心的T _ n. 熱心;熱情 15. adj.小心的;謹(jǐn)慎的T n.小心:謹(jǐn)慎:慎重 16. _ vt. 拒絕;不接受;丟棄;拋棄 17. vt.建造;構(gòu)造;創(chuàng)立
10、T n.建造:建筑:結(jié)構(gòu) 18. vt.分析T n.分析 19. vt.污染;弄臟T n.污染 _ n.指導(dǎo); 10.announce;announcement1 12. contribute ; contribution 14. enthusiastic; enthusiasm 17. construct; construction 11 . be _ to 暴露于 12. be_ in全神貫注于 . 13. _ into 調(diào)查 14. be _ / _ 支持 /反對(duì) forward 2. draw 3. addition 4. come 5. link 6. apart 7.strict
11、8. to 9. sense 10. point 11. exposed 12. absorbed 13. look 14. for/against 重點(diǎn)短語梳理 1. _ its cause _ its cure was understood. 人們不但不知道它的病源,也不了解它的治療方法。 2. So many thousands of terrified people died _ _ there was an outbreak. 每次暴發(fā)(霍亂)時(shí),都有大批驚恐的老百姓死去。 3. John Snow suggested that the source of all the water
12、 supplies _ _ . 約翰斯諾建議所有的水源都要經(jīng)過檢測。 4. _ _ you put the sun there _ the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. 只有當(dāng)你把太陽放在中心位置上,天空中其他行星的運(yùn)動(dòng)才能說得清楚。 1. Neither; nor 2. every time 3. be examined 4. Only if; did 重點(diǎn)句型再現(xiàn) 1. John Snow defeats “King Cholera ”. 約翰斯諾戰(zhàn)勝“霍亂王”。 defeat 意為“擊??;打敗;使(計(jì)劃,希望)
13、落空” 。 defeat, conquer 與 overcome 三個(gè)詞都含有“戰(zhàn)勝” 、“擊敗”的意思。 defeat 指“贏得勝利”,尤其指軍事上的勝利,如 defeat the enemy(打敗敵人);conquer 指“征 服;戰(zhàn)勝”,尤其指獲得對(duì)人、物或感情的控制,如 conquer nature (征服自然);overcome 指“戰(zhàn) 勝;壓倒;克服” ,尤其指“感情” , 如 overcome difficulties (克服困難) 。 【易混辨析】 選詞填空( beat/defeat/conquer/win ) By not work ing hard eno ugh you
14、_ your own purpose. Some coun tries may be _ but can n ever be _ . Who is _ the drum? He _ the first prize in the writi ng con test. 【答案】 defeated defeated; conquered beating won defeat, beat 與 win defeat, beat 都表示在戰(zhàn)斗或競賽中“戰(zhàn)勝 ,打敗 (對(duì)手 )” ,后接競爭對(duì)手。如 beat the competitor/the country/the team .打敗對(duì)手 /國家 /隊(duì)
15、. I can beat/defeat you at swimming. 我游泳能勝過你。 He was defeated/beate n at chess 他 下象棋輸了。 win 也表示“戰(zhàn)勝 ,贏得” ,但它的賓語通常是比賽、戰(zhàn)爭、獎(jiǎng)品或表尊重、崇拜之類意義的 詞。如 win a race/a battle/a war/a scholarship/a prize/a medal/success/friendship/reward . 贏得賽 跑/戰(zhàn)役/戰(zhàn)爭/獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金/獎(jiǎng)品/獎(jiǎng)?wù)?成功/友誼/獎(jiǎng)賞 高手過招 2. But he became inspired when he thought
16、about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. 但 當(dāng)他一想到要幫助(那些)受到霍亂威脅的普通百姓,他就感到很振奮。 exposed to cholera 在句中是過去分詞短語作后置定語,表示被動(dòng),修飾 people,相當(dāng)于定 語從句 which were exposed to cholera 意為“患霍亂的” 。 expose 意為“暴露; 揭露; 使曝光”,常與介詞 to 連用, 表示“使暴露于 (日光、 風(fēng)雨等); 受到風(fēng)險(xiǎn);使面臨” 。 常見結(jié)構(gòu): expose sth./sb./oneself (to .) 顯露或暴露 be exp
17、osed to 暴露于 高手過招 用 expose 的適當(dāng)形式填空 In summer, _ the sun can be very harmful to your sk in. The soil was washed away by the flood, _ bare rock. 【答案】 being exposed to exposing 3. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 人們不但不知道它的病源,也不了解它的治療方法。 cure vt.&n. 治愈,治療法;常用于 cure sb. of .結(jié)構(gòu)中。 cure, tr
18、eat, heal 與 recover cure 意為“治療;治愈”,多用于指藥物治療并治愈某種疾病或改正不良習(xí)氣。 treat 為日常用語,意為“治療;醫(yī)治”,指治療病人的全過程或活動(dòng)。 heal 意為“治愈(傷口);醫(yī)治”,指治好外傷或燒傷后的部位,使傷口愈合,不用于指 治療感冒等疾病。 recover 意為“痊愈,復(fù)原”,主要是指從病中痊愈了,常與 from 連用。 That will cure him of his bad habits. 那將改正他的壞習(xí)慣。 There are only two doctors to treat more than 50 patients. 只有兩名
19、醫(yī)生來治療 50 多個(gè)病人。 The wound on my arm has healed. 我胳膊上的傷已痊愈了。 He s now fully recovered from his bad cold. 他現(xiàn)在已完全從重感冒中康復(fù)了。 【易混辨析】 完成句子 Pen icilli n _ his pn eum onia. 盤尼西林治好了他的肺炎。 After the accide nt, the lorry driver _ for cuts and bruises. 事故后卡車司機(jī)的擦傷得到了治療。 The cut on his fin ger _ quickly. 他手指上的傷口很快愈合
20、了。 【答案】 cured him of was treated healed 高手過招 4. The sec ond suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. 第 二種看法是人們是在吃飯時(shí)把這種病毒引入體內(nèi)的。 suggest vt. 暗示; 表明 (陳述語氣); 建議(suggest doing; suggest that clause) His attitude suggested that he was not in terested in it at all. 他的態(tài)
21、度表明他對(duì)此一點(diǎn)也不感興趣。 I suggested that he (should) adapt himself to his new con diti ons. 我建議他應(yīng)該適應(yīng)新的情況。 absorb 意為吸收;吸引;使專心;合并;吞并” ,常見結(jié)構(gòu): absorb on e s atte ntion 吸引某人的注意力 be absorbed in sth. 專心于某事 be absorbed by/i nto 被 . 吞并;為 . 所吸收 Clever childre n absorb kno wledge easily. 聰明的孩子掌握知識(shí)很容易。 Aspiri n is quick
22、ly absorbed by/into the body. 阿司匹林很快被身體吸收了。 He is absorbed in his bus in ess.他專心致志地處理事務(wù)。 Most little shops have bee n absorbed into big bus in esses. 大多數(shù)小商店已被并入大公司。 完成句子 _ , the man walked into a wall. 那個(gè)人看報(bào)紙?zhí)肷褡驳搅藟ι稀?They were_ the show on televisi on that they found it hard to pull away. 他們聚精會(huì)神地看著
23、電視里的表演,舍不得離開。 【答案】 Deeply absorbed in the newspaper so deeply absorbed in watch ing 高手過招 6. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died. 病從胃里發(fā)作而迅速殃及全身,患者很快就會(huì)死去。 ffect vt.意為“影響;作用于”,經(jīng)常表示某種變化,對(duì)象是人時(shí),可指思想或感情上的變 化。 affect, effect 與 in flue nee affect 與 effect
24、均可表示“影響”,其區(qū)別是:前者是動(dòng)詞 (及物),主要指一時(shí)的影響, 著重指影響的動(dòng)作, 可指一般意義的影響(不分好壞),也可指不良影響;后者是名詞(可數(shù)或 不可數(shù)),兩者的關(guān)系大致為: affect = have an effect on。 注意:effect 有時(shí)雖用作及物動(dòng)詞,但不表示“影響” ,而表示“實(shí)現(xiàn)”或“產(chǎn)生”等。 in flue nee 表示“影響”,主要指對(duì)行為、性格、觀點(diǎn)等產(chǎn)生間接的或潛移默化的影響???用作及物動(dòng)詞或名詞(通常不可數(shù),但有時(shí)可與不定冠詞連用 )。 【易混辨析】 完成句子 We are in terested in the weather because
25、it _ / _ (對(duì) 我們有直接影響)一 what we wear, what we do, and even how we feel. 【答案】 affects us directly/has direct effects on us 6. It seemed that the water was to blame. 看來水是罪魁禍?zhǔn)住?blame v.責(zé)備,譴責(zé);把歸咎于 blame sb. for sth./doing sth.為某事責(zé)備某人 He blamed you for the n eglect of duty. 他責(zé)備你玩忽職守。 blame sth. on sb.把某事歸咎
26、于某人 The police blamed the traffic accide nt on Jack s careless driv ing. 警察把那起交通事故歸咎于杰克的粗心駕駛。 be to blame (for)應(yīng)(為)承擔(dān)責(zé)任;該(為)受責(zé)備。注意:此處不能用被動(dòng) 語態(tài)。 blame n.埋怨,責(zé)備;責(zé)任 take the blame for sth.對(duì)某事負(fù)責(zé)任 lay/put the blame on sb.把某事歸咎于某人 單項(xiàng)填空 We all feel it is Jack as well as his wife _ that for their son s bad pe
27、rformanee at school. A. are to blame B. is to the blamed C. are to be blamed D. is to blame 【解析】選 D。句意為:我們覺得對(duì)于孩子在學(xué)校的不好表現(xiàn),除了杰克的妻子外,杰克也 有責(zé)任。be to blame 是習(xí)慣表達(dá)方式,要用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。 I .單詞拼寫 1. This new e _ for the car works well. 2. She has a strong c _ . 3. The farmers in this area had a good harvest last ye
28、ar tha nks to the s _ farmi ng. 4. The doctor had my eyes e _ for weake ning. 5. He b _ me for my negligence(疏忽大意). 6. He finished his work in a _ (積極的)way. 7. We must try to _(分析)the causes of the strike. 8. He became _ (狂熱的)about classical music. 9. He has _ (完成)the whole job already. 10. Be _ (謹(jǐn)慎
29、) when you cross the street. 【答案】 1. engine 2. character 3. scie ntific 4. exam ined 5. blamed 6.positive 7. an alyse 8. en thusiastic 9. completed 10. cautious 11. 用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1. Joh n Snow told the story about the _ (ast oni sh) people in Broad Street. 2. Don t drink _ (pollute) water, because
30、 it carries the disease. 3. Some of the people _ (invite) to the party couldn t come. 4. There is a car _ (park) outside the house. 5. We were _ (in spire) by the _ (in spire) n ews. 6. Why are you look ing so _ (disappo in t)? 7. Thousands of _ (terrify) people died. 【答案】 1. astonished 2. polluted
31、3. invited 4. parked 5. inspired ; inspiring 6. disappointed 7. terrified III. 翻譯句子 1. 不要在太陽下曬得太久,你會(huì)被曬傷的。 (sunburn) 2. 有組織的旅行就是由某人或某機(jī)構(gòu)組織的旅行。 3. 到了那時(shí)他才意識(shí)到造成的損失有多大。 4. 每當(dāng)他遇到困難,他就會(huì)想起他的媽媽。 ( every time) 5. 正在建造的那幢摩天大樓比去年建的那幢還要高。 【答案】 1. Don t expose yourself to the sun for too long. You will get sunburn
32、ed 2. An organized trip is one organized by someone or some organization. 3. Only then did he realize how much damage had been caused. 4. He would think of his mother every time he met with difficulties. 5. The skyscraper being built is still higher than the one built last year. Unit 2 The United Ki
33、ndom 重要詞匯拓展 1. _ vt.分配;分開T _ adj.分離的T _ n.分離;分開 2. _ n. 矛盾;沖突 3. _ n.描寫;描述T _ vt.描寫;描述 4. _ v.組成;一致T _n.致性;連貫性T _ adj. 一致的 5. _ vt.澄清;闡明T _n.清楚;明晰;清澈 divide; divided; division 2. conflict 3. description; describe 4. consist ; consistence; consistent 5. clarify ; clarity 重要詞匯拓展 6. _ n.收集;收藏品T _ vt.&a
34、mp; vi.收集;募集T _ adj.集體的 7. _ n.便利;方便T _adj.便利的;方便的 8. _ vt.使激動(dòng);使膽戰(zhàn)心驚T _ adj.激動(dòng)的T _ adj.令人興奮的 9. _ n.快樂;高興;喜悅;vt.使快樂;使欣喜T _ adj.高興的T 10. _ vt.吸引;引起注意T _ n.吸引;吸引力;吸引人的事物 T _ adj.有吸引力的;誘人的 11. _ adj.壯麗的;輝煌的;極好的 12. _ n.塑像;雕像 13. _ vt.籌備;安排;整理T _ n.籌備;安排;整理 14. _ n.錯(cuò)誤;謬誤;過失 adj. 令人喜悅的 6. collection ; co
35、llect ; collective 8. thrill ; thrilled ; thrilling 10. attract; attraction; 7. convenience; convenient 9. delight; delighted; delightful 11. splendid 12. statue 13. arrange; arrangement 14. error 由組成 把分成 遺漏;刪掉 搗毀;(機(jī)器)出故障;分解;垮掉 提及;參考 為了方便 接近;幾乎 代替;取代 掙脫(束縛);脫離 1. consist 2. divide 3. out 4. break 5.
36、 refer 6. convenience 7. come 8. place 9. away 重點(diǎn)短語梳理 1. There is _ _ to debate any more why different words are used to describe the four countries. 再也沒有什么必要爭論為什么要用不同的詞去描述這四個(gè)國家了。 2. The three countries _ _ _ peacefully instead of by war. 這三個(gè)國家發(fā)現(xiàn)自己并沒有通過戰(zhàn)爭就和平統(tǒng)一起來了。 3. It seemed strange that the man w
37、ho had developed communism _ _ _ and died in London. 這似乎很奇怪:這位發(fā)展了共產(chǎn)主義的人竟然在倫敦生活過,并且在倫敦去世。 no need 2. found themselves united 3. should have lived 重點(diǎn)句型再現(xiàn) 1. How many countries does the UK consist of? 英國是由幾個(gè)國家(部分)組成的? consist of 組成;構(gòu)成;由 . 組成 (后接 of,用于主動(dòng)語態(tài)) Our class consisted of fifty students at that
38、time. 當(dāng)時(shí)我們班有 50 個(gè)學(xué)生。 【聯(lián)想拓展】 consist vi.符合;并存;一致 (與 with連用) Theory should consist with practice. 理論應(yīng)與實(shí)踐相一致。 在于,存在于(常與 in連用) The beauty of Venice consists in the style of its ancient building. 威尼斯的美在于其古建筑的風(fēng) 格。 【易混辨析】 comprise, compose, constitute 與 make up 這一組動(dòng)詞都有“組成,包含”的意思,不過 comprise 和 constitute 是及
39、物動(dòng)詞,要用主動(dòng) 形式;而compose 和 make up 則需后跟 of,用于系表結(jié)構(gòu)中。 Our company s product line comprises 2, 500 different items. Crime and illegal drugs con stitute the city s major problems. 犯罪和非法毒品買賣是這個(gè)城市面臨的主要問題。 The committee was composed mainly of teachers and pare nts. 委員會(huì)主要由教師和學(xué)生家長組成。 A car is made up of many dif
40、fere nt parts. 汽車由很多不同的零部件組成。 用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空 1. _ of 2. _ .into 3. leave _ 4. _ down 5. _ to 6. for _ 7. _ close to 8. take the _ of 9. break _ from 我們公司的生產(chǎn)線是由 2500 個(gè)不同的組成部分構(gòu)成的。 The Un ited Nati ons Orga ni zati on con sists over 160 n ati ons. Our greatest happ in ess con sists_ servi ng the people. Heal
41、th doesn t consist _ smoking. 【答案】ofinwith 2. Now whe n people refer to En gla nd you find Wales in cluded as well. 女口今,只要有人提起英格 蘭,你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)威爾士總是包括在內(nèi)的。 refer to 查閱;參考 If you want to know his teleph one nu mber, you may refer to the telepho ne directory. 如果你想知道他的電話號(hào)碼,你可以查電話簿。 談到;提到 The old soldier referr
42、ed to his experie nces duri ng the Long March. 老戰(zhàn)士談至 U 了長征時(shí)的一些 經(jīng)歷。 適用于;涉及 These books refer to Asia n problems. 這些書涉及亞洲問題。 把提交給;把委托給 I don t want to refer this patie nt to an irresp on sible doctor. 我不想把這個(gè)病人交給一個(gè)不負(fù) 責(zé)的醫(yī)生。 使向請(qǐng)教;使求助于 I referred her to Tom for further in formati on. 我讓她到湯姆那兒去詢問詳情。 把歸功于 H
43、e referred his success to the good educati on he had had. 他把他的成功歸功于他所受的良好教育。 認(rèn)為 . 起源于 . The inven tio n of the papermak ing is referred to China. 造紙術(shù)起源于中國。 用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空 On Aids Day, the min ister of the Health Departme nt dema nded the problems (refer to) paid special atte nti on to. 【答案】referred
44、 to (should) be 3. However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government.然而,愛爾蘭的南部卻不愿意組建聯(lián)合王國, 它分離出去并建立了自己的政府。 break away (from)突然逃掉或離開;斷絕往來,脫離;改掉(舊習(xí)慣) break down (健康、精神等 )變壞;垮掉 突然進(jìn)來,強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入;插嘴,打岔 強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入;突然起來;打斷,插嘴 停止講話 ;暫停 ;休息 ;(使)折斷 (火災(zāi)、戰(zhàn)爭等 )突然發(fā)生或爆發(fā) 突破 ;克服 ;征服;強(qiáng)行穿
45、過 /進(jìn)入 解散;驅(qū)散;(學(xué)校等 )放假;結(jié)束;破裂;絕交 用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空 Thieves broke _ the house when the couple were watching TV. A quarrel broke _ between them. The soldiers broke _ the en emy s defe nee works. The school has broke n _ for the holidays. Dad would oeeasi on ally break _ with a suggesti on. Tom broke _ the door
46、 of our classroom last week. 高手過招 into out through up in down 4. England is the largest of the four eountries, and for eonvenienee it is divided roughly into three zones. 在這四個(gè)國家中, 英格蘭是最大的。 為了方便起見, 它大致可以劃分為三個(gè)地區(qū)。 eonvenienee n. 適宜;便利;方便(不可數(shù)) eonvenienee food 便利食品; eonvenienee store 便利店 便利的事物 /設(shè)施(可數(shù)) e
47、onvenient adj. 方便的 (可用作定語和表語 ) 。作表語時(shí),不可用人作主語,而要用事物或形 式主語 it 作主語,其后常接介詞 for/to 或不定式。 常用結(jié)構(gòu): It is/was eonvenient for sb. to do sth. 對(duì)某人來說方便; sth. be eonvenient to/for sb./sth. 對(duì)某人 /物來說是方便的。 Will it be eonvenient for you to start work tomorrow? 你明天開始工作方便嗎 ? We must arrange a eonvenient time and plaee f
48、or the meeting. 我們必須安排一個(gè)合適的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)開會(huì)。 單項(xiàng)填空 Come and see me whenever _ . A. you are eonvenient B. you will be eonvenient C. it is eonvenient to you D. it will be eonvenient to you 【解析】選 C。convenient 的主語不可以是人,排除 A、B 兩項(xiàng)。whenever 引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀 語從句,其謂語動(dòng)詞要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),不可用一般將來時(shí)。 高手過招 I .單詞拼寫 1. The committee c _ of ten
49、members. 2. If you d _ 30 by 5, the answer is 6. 3. Would you like to do a crossword p _ ? (機(jī)器、車輛等 )壞了; (計(jì)劃、談判等 )失??; ( 談話、通訊等 ) 中斷; break in break into break off break out break through break up 4. This building was c _ in the 1810s and it has a history of about 200 years. 5. They married last month
50、 but I didn t attend their w _ . 6. We should do all we can to improve the _ ( 關(guān)系 ) between our two countries. 7. The position of the house combines quietness and _ (方便 ). 8. The painting comes from his private _ ( 收藏 ). 9. To our _ (高興), he passed the entrance examination. 10. Can you _ (安排) for a
51、car to collect them from the airport? 【答案】 1. consists 2. divide 3. puzzle 4. constructed 5. wedding 6. relations 7. convenience 8. collection 9. delight 10. arrange 11. 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換 1. How many countries does the UK consist of? How many countries is _ the UK ? 2. For those you have to go to older but smal
52、ler towns first built by the Romans. For those you have to go to older but smaller towns _ _ first _ by the Romans. 3. Worried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had listed the sites she wanted to see in London. Because she _ _ about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a _ _ the sites she
53、wanted to see in London. 4. On my way to the station something was wrong with my car. On my way to the station my car _ _ . 5. When she saw many visitors enjoying looking at the beautiful old Chinese pots and other objects on show, she felt very proud of her country. _ many visitors enjoying looking
54、 at the beautiful old Chinese pots and other objects on show, she took _ her country. 【答案】 1. made up of 2. which/that were; built 3. was worried; list of 4. broke down 5. Seeing; pride in III 翻譯句子 1. 在這個(gè)單詞中,有一個(gè)字母漏掉了。 2. 未來,地鐵將會(huì)逐步取代公共汽車,成為人們的主要交通工具。 3. 如果你繼續(xù)那樣工作的話,你的身體很快會(huì)垮下來的。 4. 噪音那么多,以至于演講者無法使自己被聽
55、眾聽清楚。 【答案】 1. A letter is left out in this word. 2. The subway will take the place of the bus to become the main vehicle for the people in the future. 3. If you continue work ing like that, your body will break dow n soon. 4. There was so much noise that the speaker couldn t make himself heard. Un i
56、ts 3-5 1. impressi on impression 是高考重點(diǎn)單詞,考查角度通常有兩點(diǎn):一是名詞詞義辨析,二是 leave a deep impression on sb.句式。同時(shí)還應(yīng)聯(lián)想至 U impressive 禾口 impress 的主要用法:sth. impress sb.; sb. impress sb. with sth.或 sb. impress on sb./sth.。 預(yù)測 2010 年高考命題會(huì)以詞義辨析為重點(diǎn)。 2. remi nd remi nd 是新課標(biāo)要求必須完全掌握的單詞??忌灰莆掌湓~義,二要熟悉其主要用法: remind sb. of st
57、h. ;emind that clause,尤其是前者??陕?lián)想至 U inform sb. of; warn sb. of , accuse sb. of; convince sb. of 等句式。 預(yù)測 2010 年高考有可能考查該句式。 3. require require 是新課標(biāo)重點(diǎn)單詞,必須掌握 require , request 與 dema nd 的詞義和用法上的辨析。 如 require to do ; require sb.to do ; dema nd to do 及其后面的賓語從句或相應(yīng)的同位語從句中 用 that sb./sth. (should) do 虛擬語氣句式。
58、同時(shí)聯(lián)想到 suggest, order, insist 等詞的類似用法。 預(yù)測 2010 年高考試題將以考查虛擬語氣的用法為重點(diǎn)。 4. approve approve 是新課標(biāo)重點(diǎn)單詞, 考生應(yīng)重點(diǎn)掌握其 贊許; 批準(zhǔn); 認(rèn)可”的詞義, 會(huì)區(qū)別 appoint, approach, apply, appreciate, appropriate 等重點(diǎn)詞匯。除此以外,還應(yīng)掌握 approve (of) sth./doing sth.的用法及其名詞 approval。 預(yù)測 2010 年高考命題較有可能在完形填空或閱讀理解中出現(xiàn)。 5. blame blame 為高考中的高頻考查詞匯。考查角度
59、通常為: 結(jié)合非謂語動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行考查, 如 (2006 福建) ;考查其固定用法: be to blame,如(2006 安 徽)。 2010 年高考有可能考查固定用法 be to blame。 6. take up 由 take 構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語是歷年高考的重點(diǎn),或者在單項(xiàng)填空中直接考查,或者在閱讀理解 中間接考查。take up 義項(xiàng)較多,但都必須牢記,同時(shí)聯(lián)想 take 構(gòu)成的其他短語及其與 pick up, show up, turn up, pull up 等的辨析。 預(yù)測 2010 年高考試題中仍會(huì)以詞義辨析為主。 7. Worried about . 該句式為過去分詞短語作狀語, 這是
60、非謂語動(dòng)詞中的重要一項(xiàng)。 對(duì)于非謂語動(dòng)詞的考查也是 歷年的重點(diǎn),考生要會(huì)區(qū)分過去分詞短語作狀語和現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語的情況。 如(2008 天 津),(2006 全國 I) , (2006 上海)等。 8. be supposed to do be supposed to do 是常用句型結(jié)構(gòu),也是重要考點(diǎn)之一,考生應(yīng)掌握其按理應(yīng)當(dāng);應(yīng)該; 理應(yīng)”的義項(xiàng)且能夠熟練運(yùn)用; 還應(yīng)會(huì)區(qū)分 was/were supposed to do 與 was/were supposed to have done 的異同用法。 9. Never will Zhou Ya ng . 強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語 (狀語從句) 位于句首或具有否定意義的詞位于句首都構(gòu)成部分倒裝。 這是部分倒 裝句
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