定語(yǔ)從句PPT課件

1、 The Attributive Clause定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句 定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)可以由形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、可以由形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、分詞分詞、不定式不定式、介詞短語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ)等來(lái)?yè)?dān)任，修飾名詞。等來(lái)?yè)?dān)任，修飾名詞。(以分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)為例）以分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)為例） 例：例： The girl behind the tree is Kate. The man driving too fast was drunk. 定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句在英語(yǔ)中，修飾在英語(yǔ)中，修飾名詞名詞或或代詞代詞的的句子句子叫定語(yǔ)從句。叫定語(yǔ)從句。 例：例：The girl who is behind the tree is Kat

2、e. The man who was driving too fast was drunk.關(guān)系代詞如何引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞如何引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句q普通代詞與關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)別普通代詞與關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)別I have a sister.She works in Shanghai. 代替 sisterq普通代詞普通代詞：只起代替的作用（如上例：只起代替的作用（如上例she)I have a sister who/that works in Shanghai.q關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞： （如上例（如上例who/which） 1.代替代替先行詞先行詞; 2.它還在定語(yǔ)從句中它還在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)任擔(dān)任一定的一定的成分成分;

3、 3. 同時(shí)同時(shí)連接連接先行詞與它引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞與它引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。 （把主句和從句連起來(lái)）（把主句和從句連起來(lái)） The building is our school. The building stands by the river. v 關(guān)系代詞的使用取決于先行詞，它們的關(guān)系非常密關(guān)系代詞的使用取決于先行詞，它們的關(guān)系非常密切，因?yàn)殛P(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中代替主句中的先行詞，切，因?yàn)殛P(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中代替主句中的先行詞，所以它在一般情況下都跟在先行詞之后，而且它的所以它在一般情況下都跟在先行詞之后，而且它的 人稱(chēng)、數(shù)必須和先行詞一致。人稱(chēng)、數(shù)必須和先行詞一致。The buildin

4、g which/that stands by the river is our school. 先行詞先行詞 關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞 定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句vwhich/that which/that 是關(guān)系代詞，它在從句中代替先是關(guān)系代詞，它在從句中代替先行詞行詞the building, the building, 同時(shí)擔(dān)任從句中的主語(yǔ)，同時(shí)擔(dān)任從句中的主語(yǔ)，也起連詞的作用，把兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句連接也起連詞的作用，把兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句連接 起來(lái)。起來(lái)。 關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞判判 斷斷 步步 驟驟 :v 首先，要看先行詞。首先，要看先行詞。 如果先行詞是指人如果先行詞是指人,關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 可用可用 who,that,whom,

5、whose。如果先行詞指物如果先行詞指物,關(guān)系關(guān)系 代詞可用代詞可用which或或that;v 然后，要確定關(guān)系詞在從句中的成分。請(qǐng)看下表然后，要確定關(guān)系詞在從句中的成分。請(qǐng)看下表先行詞 主格 賓格 所有格 人who,thatwho(m),that whose 物which,thatwhich,thatwhose,of which 最后，定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和先行詞一致最后，定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和先行詞一致. 注注:定語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受主句的限制定語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受主句的限制。 The woman who/that spoke at the meeting yesterday is my mother.

6、(主句主句)The woman is my mother.(敘述客觀(guān)事實(shí)敘述客觀(guān)事實(shí) 用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)) (從句從句)The woman (who/that) spoke at the meeting yesterday. (句中句中yesterday表示過(guò)去時(shí)間表示過(guò)去時(shí)間)the tallthe strong the cleverboyThe boy is Tom.The boy who is tall is Tom.The boy who is strong is TomThe boy who is clever is Tom The boy is Tom. The boy is

7、 smiling. The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face. The boy who is smiling is Tom. (主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ))The boy who has a round face is Tom. The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.The boy who sits in front of me is Tom. The man is kind. Everyone likes him. The man (who) everyone likes is kind. (賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)) The woman got

8、 the job. We saw her on the street.The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the job. The teacher will give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday. The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 1.who1.who指人指人, ,作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)( (作賓語(yǔ)可省略）作賓語(yǔ)可省略）The man( who) I talked with is our teach

9、er.A person who steals things is called a thief.2.whom2.whom指人指人, ,作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ) ( (作賓語(yǔ)可省略作賓語(yǔ)可省略, ,如如 介詞提前則不能省介詞提前則不能省) The man (whom/who) I talked to is Mr. Li.The man to whom I talked is Mr. Li.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 3.whose 3.whose 是代詞的所有格形式是代詞的所有格形式, , 它既可以它既可以代人也可以代物。代人也可以代物。 Please show me the book . Its cover is

10、red. Please show me the book whose cover is red.I saw a woman . Her bag was stolen .I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.applethe redthe greenthe smallthe bigThe apple which is red is mine.The apple which is green is yours.The apple which is red is smallThe apple which is green is big.Can you find the

11、 pen? I wrote with it just now.Can you find the pen with which I wrote just now?Can you find the pen (which) I wrote with just now? 4.which 4.which 指物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)指物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ) ( (作賓作賓 語(yǔ)可省略語(yǔ)可省略, ,如介詞提前則不能省如介詞提前則不能省) ) These are the trees which were planted last year.The TV set (which) he bought yesterday is m

12、ade in Japan. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?Is this the library from which you borrow books?1)This is the hero( whom) we are proud of. This is the hero of whom we are proud . This is the hero(that) we are proud of .2)The room (that) I live in is very big. The room (which) I live

13、in is very big. The room in which I live is very big. The room where I live is very big.注意: 固定動(dòng)介詞組不可分割固定動(dòng)介詞組不可分割,介詞不能提前介詞不能提前.例如例如:look after,look at 關(guān)系代詞與介詞關(guān)系代詞與介詞: 介詞放在關(guān)系代詞的前介詞放在關(guān)系代詞的前面時(shí)面時(shí),介詞賓語(yǔ)只能用介詞賓語(yǔ)只能用which代物代物, 用用whom代人。代人。(介詞在末尾時(shí)介詞在末尾時(shí),關(guān)系詞可以省略關(guān)系詞可以省略) 定語(yǔ)從句中需注意事項(xiàng)定語(yǔ)從句中需注意事項(xiàng) 有些情況下只用關(guān)系詞有些情況下只用關(guān)系詞t

14、hat,而不宜用而不宜用which1.從句所修飾的詞又被從句所修飾的詞又被形容詞最高級(jí)形容詞最高級(jí)或或序數(shù)序數(shù)詞詞修飾時(shí)修飾時(shí) This is the most interesting story( that )I have ever heard. The first meeting( that) we will take part in will be held in the afternoon. 2.先行詞是先行詞是 something, nothing, anything等等不定代詞不定代詞時(shí)時(shí) Here is something( that) I will tell you.3.先行詞

15、既有先行詞既有人人也有也有物物時(shí)時(shí),只能用只能用that I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see. 4.先行詞是先行詞是one of,the one, 或用或用 little, much, few, no, all, some, any, the only, the very, the same, the last 作修飾時(shí)作修飾時(shí) Is it the one that you want ? I havent got much that I can offer you. 5.當(dāng)當(dāng)主句主句已有已有疑問(wèn)詞疑問(wèn)詞

16、who或或which時(shí)，用時(shí)，用that Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting? 注注: who、that在指人可以通用，但下列在指人可以通用，但下列宜用宜用 who,不用不用that 1).先行詞是先行詞是anyone, someone, those時(shí)，時(shí)，關(guān)系詞使用關(guān)系詞使用who Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here. Is there anyone who wants to go there? 2).在在there be 句型中，先行詞指人句型中，先行詞指人,關(guān)

17、系詞關(guān)系詞用用who There is an old man who wants to see you. There are many young men who are against him. 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞是用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的，它和關(guān)系是用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的，它和關(guān)系代詞一樣代詞一樣,在從句中代替先行詞在從句中代替先行詞,在句中在句中作狀語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。 where:在從句中作在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),指代地點(diǎn)指代地點(diǎn). when: 在從句中作在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),指代時(shí)間。指代時(shí)間。1.The hotel wasnt clean. + We stayed at th

18、e hotel.The hotel where we stayed wasnt clean.The hotel at which we stayed wasnt clean.The hotel (which) we stayed at wasnt clean.2.Ill never forget the day. I joined the League on that day. Ill never forget the day when I joined the League. Ill never forget the day on which I joined the League .(1)

19、 The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.The scientist we met yesterday is very who famous in the world. whom that (2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.The dress that she is wearing is new. which (3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him. (4) This is the best

20、film. I have ever seen this film.He is the kind person that I have ever worked who with. whom This is the best film that I have ever seen. 單項(xiàng)選擇。 1. This is the job _they laughed at. A.which B.as C.it D.who 2. Beihai Park is a beautiful park_built about 300 years ago. A.where was B.that were C.which

21、was D.where3. Who was the grey-haired man _at yesterdays meeting?A.we saw him B.we saw C.we saw who D.she was seen4. The man _is painting the house is my uncle. A.heB.whom C.whose D.who5. What is the animal _baby is sleeping in its pocket? A.who B.whose C.its D.whichACBDB6. This book is for the stud

22、ents _native language isnt English. A.that B.of whom C.whose D.whos7. The robbers shouted, “Hands up!Ill shoot anyone _moves!” A.whom B.that C.who D.whose8.The dictionary_he paid 50 yuan for is very useful. A.which B.for which C.on which D.about which9The boy_parents died two years ago lives with his grandpa now. A.whose B.who C.his D./10.The man_ is smoking is a bus driver. A. whom B.who C. which D. whatCCAAB 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)完成句子：根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)完成句子：1.This is the engineer _ (給我們作關(guān)于計(jì)算機(jī)報(bào)告的給我們作關(guān)于計(jì)算機(jī)報(bào)告的) the other day.2.My necklace is not _. (唯一不見(jiàn)的東西唯