賓語從句講解,練習(xí)及答案

1、賓語從句一、基本講解1. 概念:在句中擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語的從句叫賓語從句，賓語從句可作謂語動詞的賓語，也可做介詞的賓語。eg.He said he was good at draw ing.動詞賓語)He asks him how long Mike has bee n dow n .動詞賓語)Miss Zhang is angry at what you said.介詞賓語)2. 連接詞(1) 陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句時，引導(dǎo)詞用that，口語中常常省略。eg. She told me (that) she would like to go with us.(2) 以whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，主

2、要用來引導(dǎo)一般疑問句 意思或選擇疑問句意思的賓語從句，從句同樣是陳述語序eg. I won der if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei .注意：一般情況下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情況例外。a. 當(dāng)從句做介詞的賓語時只用 whether不用ifeg. We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic.b. 引導(dǎo)詞與動詞不定式或not連用時， 只用whether.eg. PI ease let me know what to do n ext. Could you tell m

3、e whether to go or not?c. if當(dāng)”如果”講時，引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句，這時不能用whether.(3) .特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句時，引導(dǎo)詞用特殊疑問詞；引導(dǎo)詞 后要用陳述句語序。E.g. Could you tell me what's the matterwro ng with you?特殊情況：式纟結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)為think后接特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句時句引導(dǎo)詞+ do you thi nk +陳述句語序。a.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時,3. 賓語從句時態(tài)的限制，根據(jù)自身的需要選用相應(yīng)的時使句時，例從句不受王句Do you know (if/whether he has

4、seen the film) ?b.當(dāng)主句是一般過去時，從句要用過去時的相應(yīng)時態(tài)。例如:I didn't know ( if/whether he had seen the film.)注意：當(dāng)主句是一般過去時，而從句表示的是客觀真理，自然現(xiàn)象,科學(xué)原理，格言等，從句仍然要用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如:He said (that the earthmovesro und the sun)The teachertold us (that light travels much faster than sound).4. 人稱的變化和標(biāo)點的使用a. 從句的主語如果是第一人稱，變?yōu)橘e語從句則與主句的主語

5、一致; 如果是第二人稱，則與主句的賓語一致；如果是第三人稱，不用變 化。如：（一主二賓三不變） “ May I use your knife ” He asked me.k He asked me if he might use my knife. “ Do you know her tele phone nu mbfer ” He asked me. k He asked me if I know her tele phone nu mber.b. 賓語從句的標(biāo)點均由主句決定。主句是陳述句，用句號；主句是 疑問句，用問號。女口：'t knOWon ' t knowho wil

6、l give us aWho will give us a talk? I dontalk.Do you know? Where does he live? kDo you know where he lives?二、賓語從句的轉(zhuǎn)化1.當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是 hope, wish, decide, forget, plan, agree等,且主句主語與從句主語相同時，從句可簡化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。女口：She agreed that she could hel p me with my maths.k She agreed to help me with my maths.2. 當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是 kno

7、W, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面 帶特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化的賓語時，主從句的主語也須一致這時從句可 以簡化成 疑問詞+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”。例如：I don't know which sweater I should buy. k I don't know which sweater to buy.3.當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是ask, tell, show, teach等后面帶雙賓語時，從 句的主語和間接賓語一致，且從句是由特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化來時，從句可以轉(zhuǎn)化成 疑問詞+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”，或者在連接代詞/副詞引導(dǎo) 的賓語從句中，當(dāng)從句主語與主句主語或間接賓語一致時，

8、賓語從句可簡化為 連接代詞/副詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如： kCould you tell me how to get to the p ark?4.當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是find，see, watch，hear等感官動詞時，從句 常簡化為 賓語+賓補”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補為不帶to的不定式或V-ing形 式。如：She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground.T She found the wallet lie/ly ing on the ground.賓語從句小口訣:賓語從句三注意，時態(tài)語序引導(dǎo)詞;主句一般現(xiàn)在時，從句不需受限制;主句一般過去時，從句須

9、用相應(yīng)時;陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化that引，一般疑問句用if/whether.特殊問句疑問詞，弓I導(dǎo)詞后陳述式。初中賓語從句專項習(xí)題鞏固練習(xí)()1. Have you decided _A. whe n will you leaveC. you will leave whe n )2. Can you tell me _A. where does Tom liveB. where Tom livedC. Tom lives whereD. where Tom lives)3. The old man asked me.A. where was the cin emaB. where is the cin

10、emaC. where the cin ema wasD. where was the way to the cin ema)4.1 thi nkyou will like him.A. thatB. ifC. why)5. I didn ' t knowhe will come or not.A. thatB. whetherC. weather)6. I won der.A. how much cost these shoesC. how much these shoes cost)7. She asked me.A. who he was B. who was he)8. Ask

11、 him.A. whose cup this isC. this is whose cup)9. I don ' t know.A. what time the movie starts_for Australia?B. whe n do you leaveD. whe n you will leaveD. howD. howB. how much do these shoes costD. how much are these shoes costC. who is heD. who he isB. whose cup is thisD. whose is this cupB. wh

12、at time starts the movieC. the time to start the movieD. the movie what time starts)10. The doctor asked me how long _C. I have been ill D. I had been ill 't say.B. if does it rain tomorrowD. if will it rain tomorrowA. was I illB. have I been ill)11. The weather forecast does nA. if it rains tom

13、orrowC. if it will rain tomorrow)12. Do you know?B. whose pen this isD. whom the pen bel ong to?C. the tape is D. is the tapeA. whose pen is thisC. whom does the pen bel ong to)13. Could you tell me whereA. the tape was B. was the tape )14. They want to know?A. where is the hos pitalB. how old are y

14、ouC. whe n the train will leaveD. why is the boy crying)15. Tony wan ted to know.A. what had Father Christmas put in his stock ingB. whe n Father Christmas had put in his stock ingC. what Father Christmas had put in his stock ingD. where Father Christmas had put in his stock ing)16. No one knowsthe

15、pro fessor will come to our school tomorrow to giveus a talk or not.C. whereD. ifA. whe nB. whetherB. whe n was the first watch madeD. what was wrong with her watch,so we n eed your help.B. what we should doD. what should we do_ with the rubbish and it p ollutes out land and)17. July didn ' t kn

16、ow_ A. where is Tim ' s father C. who the old man is)18. No one told usA. how should we doC. what to do)19. We don ' t knowsea.C. what do itD. what to doA. how do itB. how to do)20. He asked me.A. whether I find out the sen der of the moneyB. whether did I find out the sen der of the moneyC.

17、 whether the sen der of the money found outD. whether I found out the sen der of the money)21. Did you hear?D. what I sayA. what did I say B. what I said C. I said what)22. Can you tell me?B. which class are you inD. are you in which class me? - Certai niy.B. I can get to which stati onD. how I can

18、get to the stati onyesterday?C. you have gone D. you wentA. which class you are inC. you are in which class)23. -Excuse me. Could you tellA. whe n can I get to the stati onC. which stati on can I get to)24. Could you tell me whereA. did you go B. you go)25. Tom asked me.B. whose shirt this wasD. who

19、 shirt this was?A. whose shirt was thisC. who shirt was this)26. Excuse me, could you tell meA. where ' s the teachers ' officeB. where ' s the bus stationC. what ' s she doingD. where the post office is)27. I want to see Mrs. Wang , but I don' t know.A. she lives whereB.she wher

20、e livesC. where she livesD.where does she live)28. - Go and ask Mr. White for help. - But I don ' t know .A. where does he liveB.where he livesC. where is he livi ngD.he lives there)29. - Can you tell me? - Yes, he lives in a small tow n.A. where he livesB. who is singingC. whe n he will leaveD.

21、 what he said)30. Have you decidedfor London?A. whe n will you leaveB. whe n you will leaveC. whe n are you goingD. whe n you are going)31. Excuse me. Could you tell meour tickets?A. where do we showB. where shall we showC. where did we showD. where we shall show)32. - What are you in terested in ab

22、out cook ing food? - We are all in terested in.B. how is egg friedD. how does egg fryA. how egg is friedC. How egg fries)33. Do you know?C. who is he D. whose n ame is itA. what it is B. what is it)34. Do you know?B. whose book this isD. who ' s book this isA. whose book is thisC. this book is w

23、hose(now.)35. I don t knowA. where is my catC. where my cat is)36. Does he know?A. what ' s your nameC. what your is n ame)37. Do you know?A. which floor he livesC. he lives on which floor)38. Tell me where?A. is the hos pitalB. the hos pital is C. is hos pital D. hos pital is)39. He hasn '

24、t decidedA. if he ' ll go on a trip toXA/u C. if he goes on a trip to Wu xi)40. Can you see?A. what he ' s readingC. what does he readB. my cat is where D. where my catB. what n ame is your D. what your n ame isB. which floor he lives onD. which floor does he lives onB. whe n will he go on a

25、 trip to Wu xi D. whe n does he go on a trip to Wu xiB. what is he read ingD. he reads what賓語從句鞏固練習(xí)參考答案1. 參考答案D 你決定什么時候去澳大利亞了嗎？賓語從句用陳述語序。2. 參考答案3. 參考答案4. 參考答案5. 參考答案6. 參考答案7. 參考答案8. 參考答案9. 參考答案D賓語從句用陳述語序，where作從句的賓語。C賓語從句用陳述語序，where表示地點。A if表示選擇，我想你是否將喜歡他。B 有 or not，所以用 whether.C賓語從句用陳述語序.A賓語從句用陳述語序

26、,who作從句的賓語。A whose是所有格，所以后面要有一個名詞，整體做從句的賓語。A賓語從句用陳述語序。10. 參考答案D主句是過去時，從句也要用過去相應(yīng)的時態(tài)，醫(yī)生問我之前我 已經(jīng)病了，所以用過去完成時態(tài)。11. 參考答案12. 參考答案13. 參考答案14. 參考答案15. 參考答案C if連接賓語從句，賓語從句用陳述語序。B whose是所有格，所以后面要有一個名詞，整體做從句的賓語。C賓語從句用陳述語序。C賓語從句用陳述語序，時態(tài)不受限制。C 主句用一般過去時，從句要用過去相應(yīng)的時態(tài)，因為圣誕老人是之前就把禮物放進襪子里了，所以用過去完成時態(tài)。16. 參考答案17. 參考答案 的時態(tài)。18. 參考答案which class.D你能告訴我怎樣可以去車站，當(dāng)然可以。賓語從句用陳述語序,D賓語從句用陳述語序。B賓語從句用陳述語序，誰的襯衫用表示所有格的 whose,后面需D賓語從句用陳述語序，由E局在哪兒，需用表示地點的 where.C我想去看王夫人，但是我不知道她住在哪里。賓語從句用陳述whose后加名詞35. 參考答案C36. 參考答案D37. 參考答案B有 or not 就用 whether.賓語從句用陳述語序，主句用一般過去時，從句要用過去相應(yīng)沒有人告訴我們應(yīng)該做什么，所以我們需要你的幫助。賓語從 句用陳述語序，如果選B就是沒有人做什么，us后面是賓語