[英語]八年級(jí)英語下Unit6 Section Appt課件

1、Unit 6How long have you been collecting shells?1Section APeriod 22ReviewWords and expressions3Read the explanation Read the explanation and speak out the and speak out the word it explains.word it explains.4to collect money, support ect so that you can use it to help peoplea number of people or thin

2、gs that is more than a few, but not a lota person on skates skatern. 溜冰者溜冰者v. 籌集籌集; 籌募籌募adj. 幾個(gè)的幾個(gè)的; 數(shù)個(gè)的數(shù)個(gè)的raiseseveral5To learn to talk about how long you have been doing thingsTo learn to use present progressive tense6Click it.3a7NameHas been skating forAlison5 hoursSam4 hoursLu Ning4 hoursLi Chen

3、1 hourRead the passage and then complete the table. (3a)8Read and answer.1. Why are students skating?2. How much does each student raise for every hour they skate?3. How long has the skating marathon been going?To raise money for charity.Ten yuan.For five hours.94. Who was the first to start?5. Who

4、was the last one?Alison was the first to start.Li Chen was the last one.10Its now 2 pm. Write the Students names from 3a on the time line. (3b)9 am10 am11 am12 am1 pm2 pmAlisonSamLu NingLi Chen11Interview your classmates. Ask them what sports they play and fill in the chart.Group workName SportWhen

5、startedHow longYe Lantennis11 years oldthree and a half years12Practice conversations in pairs.A: Ye Lan, what sport do you play?B: Tennis.A: When did you start?B: When I was eleven.A: So how long have you been playing?B: Three and a half years.pair work13NameSport When startedHow longBillsoccer10 y

6、ears oldfour and a half yearsExample:A: Bill, what sport do you play?B: Soccer.A: When did you start?B: When I was ten.A: So how long have you been playing?B: Four and a half years.14151. Students are skating to raise money for charity. raise vt. 舉起舉起rise vi. 起身起身,升起升起(太陽、月亮等太陽、月亮等)raise ones hand 舉

7、手舉手raise ones hat to sb. 向某人舉帽致敬向某人舉帽致敬raise a child 養(yǎng)育孩子養(yǎng)育孩子raise funds 籌集資金籌集資金 raise salaries 增加薪水增加薪水raise money 籌錢籌錢, 籌款籌款162. For every hour they skate, each student raises ten yuan for charity. 每滑一小時(shí)每滑一小時(shí),每個(gè)學(xué)生為慈善機(jī)構(gòu)籌集每個(gè)學(xué)生為慈善機(jī)構(gòu)籌集 10元錢。元錢。every, each 都表都表“每一每一”,但但every指大家指大家具具有的有的共性共性,every 還等于還

8、等于all表示全體齊全表示全體齊全,一個(gè)不缺一個(gè)不缺; 而而each強(qiáng)調(diào)每個(gè)人或事物有著強(qiáng)調(diào)每個(gè)人或事物有著各自各自互不相同的個(gè)性或差異性互不相同的個(gè)性或差異性。此外。此外every還可表每隔還可表每隔(一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間/距離距離)。17例如：例如：Every student is here. 學(xué)生都到齊了。學(xué)生都到齊了。Every two weeks he goes to visit his friends in the town. 他每隔一周去看一次他在城鎮(zhèn)的朋友。他每隔一周去看一次他在城鎮(zhèn)的朋友。Each person has his own advantages. 每個(gè)人都有他的優(yōu)勢每

9、個(gè)人都有他的優(yōu)勢 (長處長處)。Each story has an interesting name. 每個(gè)故事都有一個(gè)有趣的名字。每個(gè)故事都有一個(gè)有趣的名字。183. Alison was the first one to start, and has been skating for the whole five hours. Alison是第一個(gè)開始滑的是第一個(gè)開始滑的,并且已滑了足并且已滑了足 足足5個(gè)小時(shí)。個(gè)小時(shí)。注注: 序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞前必須用定冠詞前必須用定冠詞the, 后接名詞后接名詞或代詞。句中不定式短語或代詞。句中不定式短語“to start”作后作后置定語修飾代詞置定語修飾代

10、詞one, one指代滑冰的人。指代滑冰的人。whole adj. “整個(gè)的整個(gè)的,完整的完整的”,前常加前常加“the”或物主代詞?；蛭镏鞔~。eg. I want to get to know the whole story. He puts his whole life on education.194. So how long have you been playing? Three and a half years.【據(jù)意填詞據(jù)意填詞】They have been working in the factory for_(三個(gè)半月三個(gè)半月).【用法透析用法透析】表示表示“（ 時(shí)間）幾個(gè)

11、半時(shí)間）幾個(gè)半”有兩種方式：有兩種方式：“基數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞 + and + a half + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞”；“基數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞 + 名詞名詞 + and + a half”。three and a half months / three months and a half20如：如：two and a half hours / two hours and a half（兩個(gè)半小時(shí)）（兩個(gè)半小時(shí)）one and a half years / one year and a half（一年半）（一年半）21現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)221) Ive been studying English sin

12、ce I was 4 years old. 自從自從4歲起我就一直學(xué)英語。歲起我就一直學(xué)英語。2) He has been living at the street for about 20 years. 他一直在這條街住了近他一直在這條街住了近20年了。年了。3) She has been listening to music for three hours today. 她今天聽了三個(gè)小時(shí)的音樂了。她今天聽了三個(gè)小時(shí)的音樂了。234) Have you been talking with him on the phone since 6:00 pm? 你六點(diǎn)起就一直在給他打電話？你六點(diǎn)起就

13、一直在給他打電話？5) How long has it been raining? 雨下多久了？雨下多久了？6) What book have you been reading recently? 最近你在看什么書？最近你在看什么書？24Sentences from this unit:1.The skating marathon has been going for five hours now.2. Alison was the first one to start and has been skating for the whole five hours.3. Next is Sam,

14、and he has been skating for four hours.4. Lu Ning has been skating for four hours too.5. How long have you been playing?25to test your sense of observationto test your ability of short-term memory to test your ability to highlight the language pointsGuess261. I _English _ _. 自從自從4歲起我就一直學(xué)英語。歲起我就一直學(xué)英語

15、。2. He _ at the street _ _. 他一直在這條街住了近他一直在這條街住了近20年了。年了。3. She _ to music _ _. 她今天聽了三個(gè)小時(shí)的音樂了。她今天聽了三個(gè)小時(shí)的音樂了。ve been studyingsince I was4 years oldhas been livingabout 20 yearsforhas been listeningforthree hours today274. _ you _with him on the phone _? 你六點(diǎn)起就一直在給他打電話？你六點(diǎn)起就一直在給他打電話？5. How long _ it _?

16、雨下多久了？雨下多久了？6. What book _ you _ recently? 最近你在看什么書？最近你在看什么書？Havebeen talkingsince 6:00 pmhasbeen raininghavebeen reading287. The skating marathon _ _ five hours now.8. Alison was the first one to start and _ _for _.9. Next is Sam, and he _ for four hours.10. Lu Ning _ for four hours too.11. How lon

17、g _ you _?has been goingforbeen skatinghas the whole five hourshas been skatinghas been skatinghavebeen playing291. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的定義現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的定義:表示表示從過去開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作從過去開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作,這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能剛結(jié)束這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能剛結(jié)束,也可能還要繼續(xù)下也可能還要繼續(xù)下去去,常與常與for two hours, since 1998, all this morning, these few days等表示一段時(shí)間等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。的狀語連用。現(xiàn)

18、在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)302. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成:肯定肯定形式形式: have / has been (現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞) doing否定否定形式為形式為: have / has not been doing一般疑問句一般疑問句形式形式:Have/Has sb. been doing sth.? 特殊疑問句形式特殊疑問句形式(詢問持續(xù)時(shí)間長短詢問持續(xù)時(shí)間長短): How long have/has sb. been doing sth.?313. 注意注意: for表示時(shí)間的持續(xù)表示時(shí)間的持續(xù),后跟時(shí)間段后跟時(shí)間段。表示一。表示一段時(shí)間段時(shí)間,多與帶數(shù)詞的名詞連用多

19、與帶數(shù)詞的名詞連用,謂語需用謂語需用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。since表示表示“自從過去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)以來自從過去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)以來”, 后后面面接時(shí)間點(diǎn)接時(shí)間點(diǎn),強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在, since后可接表時(shí)間的名詞或名詞短后可接表時(shí)間的名詞或名詞短語語,也可接一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句也可接一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句。324. 一般過去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)一般過去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn) 在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別：在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別：How long did you skate? (一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí))How long have you been skating? (現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

20、)How long have you been here? (現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)) 33注意注意: 1) 一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)表示在表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài), 該動(dòng)作已結(jié)束該動(dòng)作已結(jié)束, 不不強(qiáng)調(diào)同現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。強(qiáng)調(diào)同現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。2) 而而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作表示動(dòng)作從過去開從過去開始發(fā)生一直持續(xù)進(jìn)行始發(fā)生一直持續(xù)進(jìn)行(到現(xiàn)在到現(xiàn)在), 可能仍在可能仍在進(jìn)行進(jìn)行, 也可能停止了一會(huì)兒也可能停止了一會(huì)兒。343) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是強(qiáng)調(diào)的是: 表示表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)

21、果現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。 過去某一時(shí)間開始并一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)過去某一時(shí)間開始并一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在在(包括包括“現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)在內(nèi)) 的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài), 可以和表示延續(xù)的時(shí)間狀語連用?？梢院捅硎狙永m(xù)的時(shí)間狀語連用。注意這三個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)語意上的差異。注意這三個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)語意上的差異。35根據(jù)題后要求完成句子，每空一詞。根據(jù)題后要求完成句子，每空一詞。1. I started to learn English ten years ago. (改為現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)改為現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)) I _ _ _ English _ ten yeas.2. John has been doing his homework sin

22、ce eight oclock. (改為否定句改為否定句) John _ _ doing his homework since eight oclock.have been learningforhasnt been363. The students have been cleaning the room all this morning. (改為一般疑問改為一般疑問 句，并作否定回答句，并作否定回答) - _ the students _ _ the room all this morning? - No, _ _.4. Celia has been watching TV for five

23、 hours. (就劃線部分提問就劃線部分提問) _ _ Celia _ _ for five hours?Have they haventWhat hasbeen cleaningbeen doing375. I have been collecting stamps since I was ten years old. (就劃線部分提問就劃線部分提問) _ _ _ you been collecting stamps?How long have38課時(shí)重點(diǎn)回顧課時(shí)重點(diǎn)回顧talk to you, raise money for charity, raise ten yuan for cha

24、rity, the skating marathon, start an hour ago, skate for the whole five hours39 構(gòu)成構(gòu)成have/has been +動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing 用法用法1.表示從過去開始一直持續(xù)到表示從過去開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，而且還要現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，而且還要繼續(xù)下去。繼續(xù)下去。2. 表示某動(dòng)作從過去某時(shí)開始表示某動(dòng)作從過去某時(shí)開始一直延續(xù)到說話時(shí)剛剛結(jié)束。一直延續(xù)到說話時(shí)剛剛結(jié)束。句句式式肯定肯定/否定否定句句主語主語+have/has/havent/hasnt been +動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing.一般疑問句一般疑問句 Have/

25、Has+主語主語+been+動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing?肯定回答肯定回答Yes, 主語主語+have/has.否定回答否定回答No, 主語主語+havent/hasnt.時(shí)間狀語時(shí)間狀語for+時(shí)間段；時(shí)間段；since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間點(diǎn)(或從句或從句)401. Mr Green_ in China since five years ago. A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. is going to live 2. - is the meeting going to last? - About twenty minutes. A. How far B. How soon C

26、. How long D. How often3. Hes been collecting shells _ he was ten years old. A. when B. whileC. andD. sinceChoose the best answer.414. I have been skating_ two hours. A. in B. at C. for D. since 5. If I_ enough money, I_ a hospital for SARS patients. A. will have, build B. will have, will build C. have, will build D. have, build42Translate and write them down.1. 為了給慈善事業(yè)籌款，學(xué)生們正在為了給慈善事業(yè)籌款，學(xué)生們正在 溜冰。溜冰。2. 艾利森是第一個(gè)開始滑的，并且已艾利森是第一個(gè)開始滑的，并且已 滑了足足五個(gè)小時(shí)?；俗阕阄鍌€(gè)小時(shí)。Students are skating to raise money for charit