2019版高考英語(yǔ)一輪基礎(chǔ)習(xí)選題Unit4Globalwarming(含解析)新人教版選修6

1、Global warming李仕才、閱讀理解。Robots industry is developing so rapidly that there is no denying that we may one day findourselves surrounded by robots.The humanoid (human like) robots with two legs such as Honda Motor Co. Ltd sASIMOwould likely have an easier time climbing up stairs inside homes than a rob

2、ot that moves onwheels, developers say.But it will be some time before such devices make their way into people s homes.“They may look smart, but they are still quite stupid, ” Shimoyama said. “ I don t think theywill ever be as smart as humans.”While safety is an obvious concern, robots also need to

3、 be sensitive to people s needs.Researchers at Fujitsu Frontech Ltd and Fujitsu Laboratories responsible for developing “ Enon” , aguide and patrol (巡邏 ) robot designed for use in shoppingEnon, which has a humanoid upper body but no legs, is equipped with a touch screen on its chestand space in its

4、stomach to carry loads weighting up to 10 kg.In guide mode, it will check a newcomer and approach the person with a nod and a greeting: “ Areyou a visitor? Hello. ”Visitors requiring directions can point to icons (圖標(biāo) ) displayed on Enon schest screen. If the restroom icon is pressed, the screen will

5、 display a map that shows the way.The robot will then face and point in the direction of the restroom, although it won t actually walkthe visitor there. Enon is now in use at four locations in Japan, including a shopping mall near Tokyo.The main goal is to make it more helpful for the elderly.“ Peop

6、le who work in the transportation sector often ask whether we can builda robot that will find elderly people who look lost in train stations, and ask themmalls and corporate facilities (公共場(chǎng)所 ), are working on this.22Ltds autonomous system laboratory.“Actually that is hard to do, very hard,”he said.【

7、文章大意】機(jī)器人產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展得如此迅速，在本文中作者介紹了名叫“ Enon”的機(jī)器人，它 被廣泛應(yīng)用在商場(chǎng)、醫(yī)院等公眾場(chǎng)所。1. What can we know about robots according to the text?A. They will replace human one day.B. They are difficult to control.C. They can do whatever humans do.D. They will be widely used in our life.【解析】選 D。推理判斷題。文章首段提出“ Robots industry is de

8、veloping so rapidlythat there is no denying that we may one day find ourselves surrounded by robots. ”然后在下文詳細(xì)介紹了幾種機(jī)器人，由此判斷選 D。2. What does Shimoyama think of robots?A. Safe.B. Friendly.C. Stupid.D. Kind-hearted.【解析】選 Co 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“ They may look smart, but they are still quitestupid，”可知他認(rèn)為機(jī)器人很愚笨，故

9、選 C。3. What is people s concern about robots?A. Safety.B. Appearance.C. Weight.D. Size.【解析】選 A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“ While safety is an obvious concern, robots also need tobe sensitive to peoples needs. ” 可以判斷安全是人們關(guān)注的一個(gè)問(wèn)題, 故選 A。4. What can be the best title for the passage?A. The disadvantages of robots.B.

10、The development and use of robots.if they are all right,said Toshihido Marita, director of Fujitsu Laboratories3C. The benefits that robots bring.D. The history of robots.【解析】選 B。主旨大意題。文章首先介紹了機(jī)器人的迅速發(fā)展，然后介紹了幾種用來(lái)幫助人們的機(jī)器人 , 由此判斷文章主要介紹機(jī)器人的發(fā)展和使用 , 故選 B。二、單句語(yǔ)法填空1 Father is strongly opposed to _ (go) shopp

11、ing on Sunday because thestreets and supermarkets are full of people.答案：goingbe opposed to . 反對(duì).”，其中 to 為介詞，其后應(yīng)接名詞、動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。2The prices of this kind of wine ranged _ tenyuan _100yuanper bottle.答案： from; to range from . to .“在某范圍內(nèi)變化”。3 Though he is less than one year old, he is strong enough to walk _(

12、steady) 答案： steadily 副詞作狀語(yǔ)，在句中修飾動(dòng)詞walk 。4 Do you know how the accident came _ ?答案： about come about “發(fā)生”。5 With Spring Festival approaching, prices of fruit and vegetables _(go) up.答案： have gone go up “上升；增長(zhǎng)；升起”。6Quantities of money _ (spend) in bringing up the children since theywere married.答案： ha

13、ve been spent“a quantity of 名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與名詞的數(shù)保持一致；而“ quantities of 名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。且由 since 可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn) 在完成時(shí)，再根據(jù) money 與 spend 之間的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填 have been spent。7 How many times do you dine out per week _average?答案： on on average “平均起來(lái)； 平均來(lái)說(shuō)”。 句意： 你平均每周在外用餐多少次？8 Under these _(circumstance), what matters most is

14、not only ourpersistence but also our attitude.24答案： circumstances under these circumstances “在這些情況下”。9 The gap between the rich and the poor has a _(tend) to become widerand wider.答案： tendency 由設(shè)空前的 a 可知，應(yīng)填名詞形式， tendency “趨勢(shì)；傾向”。10 The heavy snow can easily result _ many accidents in winter.答案： in r

15、esult in “導(dǎo)致”。三、完形填空。When I was young, like you, I had a dream. But my dream wasnt like that ofan _1_ kid. It was to be the best tennis player _2_ simply the best“ female ”one in the world._3_ , I had a family encouraging meto follow my dream. I learned how important it is to _4_ adream and to dream

16、 big. My fight bega n whe n I was three and I have nt take n a _5_ sin ce.But too often, most wome n are not supported or are _6_ from choos ing theirpath. I hope it could be changed. For me, it was a _7_ of resilienee(堅(jiān)忍). Whatothers marked as _8_ about me my race, my gen der I accepted as fuel for

17、 mysuccess. I n ever let anything or anyone _9_ me. I con trolled my future.When it comes to equal pay, it frustrates me _10_ I know first-ha ndthat gender differences exist. I would 11 want my daughter to be paid less than my son for the samework. Women have to _12_ many barriers to success. One is

18、 that we are con sta ntly _13_ _ weare not men. People call me one of the“ worldsgreatest female athletes ” . Why dont they say LeBron is one of the worlds best male athletes? Weshould n ever let this go _14_. We should be judged by our achieveme nts but not _15_For everyth ing I have achieved, I am

19、 _16_ t? have experie need the highs andlows that come _17_ success. I hope my story will be a(n)18 for womento fight for their dreams. We must _19_ to dream big, and in doing so, we en able the n ext gen eration of wome n to be _20_ in their pursuit.【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。作者以自己的事為例呼吁全體女性勇敢追求成功，為爭(zhēng)取性別平等而不懈努力

20、。1. A.ambitious B . excellentC. average D . energetic答案與解析：C 根據(jù)第一段第三句It was to be the best tennis player”以及倒5數(shù)第二段People call me. Why dont they say LeBron is one ofthe worlds bestmale athletes ? ”可知，此處指作者說(shuō)自己小時(shí)候的理想與普通孩子的是不同的，故選 average 普通的，一般的”。ambitious 有野心的，有雄心的”；excellent優(yōu)秀的”；en ergetic 精力充沛的”。2. A

21、.instead of B. regardless ofC. other than D . more than答案與解析：A 結(jié)合本文主旨以及倒數(shù)第二段中的People call me one of theworlds greatest female athletes . Whydont they say LeBron is one of the worlds best maleathletes ? ”可知，作者希望男女平等，所以作者在此強(qiáng)調(diào)的是自己的理想是做26世界上最好的網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員， 而不是最好的女網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員。 instead of “而不是”； regardless of “不管，不顧”

22、； other than “除了”； more than “多于，超出”。3 A.HopefullyB FortunatelyC ObviouslyD Generally答案與解析： B 幸運(yùn)的是 (Fortunately)，作者有鼓勵(lì)她追尋自己的夢(mèng)想的家人。此處亦與第三段中的“ But too often ， most women are not supported.”形成對(duì)比。hopefully “有希望地”； obviously “明顯地”； generally “普遍地”。4 A.make up B set upC care for D push for答案與解析： D 根據(jù)下文中的“

23、 My fight began when. ”“ fightfor their dreams”可知，這里指作者知道了為夢(mèng)想而努力是多么重要。push for “為而努力，力爭(zhēng)”。makeup “編造，構(gòu)成”；set up “設(shè)立，建立”；care for “照顧”。5 A.riskB leaveCbreak D chance答案與解析：C作者從三歲時(shí)就開(kāi)始為理想奮斗，自此一直從未間斷。break “暫停，中斷”，符合語(yǔ)境。6A.defendedB excusedCdiscouragedD dismissed答案與解析：C但是通常，大多數(shù)女性不被支持，或者被阻止去選擇自己的道路。discoura

24、ge “阻止，阻撓”，符合語(yǔ)境。 defend “保衛(wèi)，保護(hù)”； excuse “同意免除” ； dismiss“去除，摒除”。7 A.thought B questionCmoment D bonus答案與解析： B 作者希望這種境況可以改變，在作者看來(lái)，這是有關(guān)“堅(jiān)忍”的問(wèn)題(question)。thought “想法”；moment時(shí)刻”；bonus “意外收獲，獎(jiǎng)金”。 8A.disadvantagesB concernsCqualifications D personalities答案與解析：A根據(jù)下文中的“ my race, my gender ”“ | accepted as f

25、uel for mysuccess ”可知，此處指被別人列為作者的劣勢(shì)(disadva ntages)的東西，比如她的種族，她的性別，作者將它們視為追求成功的動(dòng)力。 concern “擔(dān)憂” ； qualification “資格”； personality7“個(gè)性”。9 A.ignore B attackCcomfort D limit答案與解析：D根據(jù)下文中的“ Icon trolled my future.或任何人來(lái)限制自己，而是自己主宰自己的未來(lái)。 limit “限制”，符合語(yǔ)境。10 A.although B becauseC unless D if答案與解析： B 當(dāng)談起同工同酬問(wèn)

26、題時(shí)， 作者感到懊惱， 因?yàn)樗约河H身體驗(yàn)到性別差 異的存在。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，前后句之間是因果關(guān)系，且前面是果，后面是因。故用 because 。11 A.ever B evenC never D just答案與解析： C 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知， 作者永遠(yuǎn)不希望看到干了同樣的工作， 女兒得到的報(bào)酬 卻比兒子的少。 never “從不，絕不”。12 A.break downB take afterC lay asideD put away答案與解析：A為了獲取成功，女性不得不打破許多障礙。 break down “打破，消除”， 符合語(yǔ)境。take after “追趕，跟蹤”；lay aside “留

27、存?zhèn)溆?，?放在一邊”；putaway “猛吃，積蓄，把收起來(lái)”。13 A.informedB remindedC assuredD criticized答案與解析：B其中一個(gè)障礙就是總有人提醒我們不是男性。remi nd “提醒，使想起”，符合語(yǔ)境。 inform “通知，告知”； assure “使確信”； criticize “批判”。14A.unchallengedB unpunishedC uncompleted D uncontrolled答案與解析： A 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知， 作者在此想表達(dá)的是女性不能對(duì)此置之不理， 而要敢于 質(zhì)疑。unchallenged “不被懷疑的， 完全接受的

28、， 沒(méi)有異議的”， 符合語(yǔ)境。 unpunished “未 受懲罰的”；uncompleted “未完成的” ； uncontrolled “未受控制的，不加約束的”。15A.appearanceB positionC backgroundD gender答案與解析： D 對(duì)我們的評(píng)價(jià)應(yīng)該依據(jù)我們的成就而不是我們的性別。 gender “性別” ， 符合語(yǔ)境。appearanee “外貌”；position “職位”；background “出身背景，學(xué)歷”。16A.superiorB gratefulC indifferent D preferable答案與解析：B作者從心底里感謝已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷過(guò)的伴隨成功而來(lái)的起起伏伏?？芍髡邚牟蛔屓魏问?8grateful “感激的，表示感謝的”，符合語(yǔ)境。 superior “更好的，占優(yōu)勢(shì)”； indifferent “不感興趣，漠不關(guān)心”； preferable “更可取的，更合適的”。17 A.withB throughC from D beyond答案與解析：A參見(jiàn)上題解析。with “和，隨著”，符合語(yǔ)境。18 A.intention B inspirationC solution Dexpectation答案與解析： B 作者希望她的故事可以激勵(lì)女性為她們的夢(mèng)想而奮斗。 inspiratio