一般過去時用法及結(jié)構(gòu)

1、般過去時的用法及結(jié)構(gòu)1 一般過去時的基本用法 一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)， 也可表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動 作。常和表示過去的時間狀語連用， 如 yesterday, last week, last night, in 2003, two days ago 等?！九e例】 Igot up at 6:30 yesterday. 我昨天 6:30 起床。My father was very busy last week. 我父親上周很忙。2 一般過去時的基本結(jié)構(gòu) 肯定句“主語動詞過去式其他”或者“主語 was were其他”。【舉例】 I played tennis last

2、weekend. 我上周末打網(wǎng)球了。My school trip was great. 我的學(xué)校郊游棒極了。 否定句“主語 didn t動詞原形其他”或“主語 wasn t weren t其他”。 【舉例】 The girl didn t play computer games yesterday afternoon. 這個女孩昨天下午沒玩電子游戲。Old Henry wasn t happy last Friday. 上星期五老亨利不高興。 一般疑問句“ Did 主語動詞原形其他？” 肯定回答為“Yes，主語 did ”， 否定回答為“No ，主語 didn t”或者“Was Were 主語

3、其他？” 肯定回答為“Yes，主語 waswere ”， 否定回答為“No ，主語 wasnt weren t”。【舉例】 Did you go to the beach? 你們?nèi)ズ┝藛幔?Yes, we did. No, we didn t. 是的，我們?nèi)チ?。不，我們沒有。 Was your weekend OK? 你的周末過得還行吧？ Yes, it was. No, it wasn t. 是的，還行。不，不行。 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞一般疑問句（順序）？【舉例】 What did Li Leido last weekend? 雷上周末干什么了？ He visited his grand

4、parents. 他去看了他的祖父母。 Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪兒？ Iwas at home. 我在家里。為了便于記憶行為動詞 （實(shí)義動詞） 的一般過去時用法及結(jié)構(gòu)， 我們可用以下歌訣來幫助記 憶：動詞一般過去時，表示過去發(fā)生事。謂語動詞過去式，過去時間作標(biāo)志。 否定形式很簡單，主語之后 didn t 添。 謂語動詞要還原。疑問構(gòu)成有規(guī)則，主語前面加 did 。過去式的構(gòu)成be 動詞和實(shí)義動詞過去式的構(gòu)成： 系動詞 be 的過去式有兩種形式： was 和 were 。其中 was 是 am 和 is 的過去式， were 是 are 的過去式。 規(guī)則動詞

5、過去式的構(gòu)成： 一般在動詞末尾加 ed。 【舉例】 walk walked play played 以不發(fā)音 e 結(jié)尾的動詞末尾只加 d ?！九e例】 love loved decide decided 結(jié)尾是“輔音字母 y ”的動詞。先將 y 變?yōu)?i，再加 ed 。 【舉例】 study studied carry carried末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加 ed 。 【舉例】 stop stopped plan planned規(guī)則動詞的過去式構(gòu)成方法可用以下口訣來記憶： 過去式構(gòu)成有規(guī)律，一般詞尾加 ed 如果詞尾有個 e(不發(fā)音的) ，只需直接加上 d 。 “

6、輔音字母y ”在詞尾，變 y 為 i 加 ed ?！耙惠o重閉”作尾巴，雙寫之后加 ed 。隨堂練習(xí)： 一寫出下列動詞的過去式。1. am is 2.do 3.go 4.have 5.isnt 6. aren t 7.spend8.cook9.read 10.clean 11.live 12.study二用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~完成下列對話。1. How was your weekend? It great. What you last weekend ? I some homework.2. What she last weekend? She to the beach.3. What they do la

7、st weekend? They to the movies.三用括號所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. We (enjoy) ourselves at the party last night.2. Jack (_study) for the English test last Sunday.3. you (go) to the Great Wall last year?4. What day (be) it yesterday?5. The old man (be)illand went to see a doctor.6. We (have) a party last night.7. We (

8、_visit) the museum and went home.8. How (be) the students? They were very friendly.9. He often (have) supper at home. Today he (have) supper at school.10. We had great fun (play) in the water.11. That made me (feel) very happy.12. he (have) lunch at nine? No, he didn t.13. They (buya) guitar yesterd

9、ay.四句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1. He came here last month. ( 改為否定句 ) He here last month.2.They played football this morning. ( 改 為 一 般 疑 問 句 并 作 簡 略 回 答 ) they football this morning? Yes, they . No, they .3. They went to Beijing last year. (就劃線部分提問 ) they last year.4. Tom watched TV last night. (改為一般疑問句 )Tom TV last nigh

10、t?5. Mary does homework every day. (用 last night 改寫句子 ) Mary .般現(xiàn)在時的用法與結(jié)構(gòu)1、一般現(xiàn)在時的定義及構(gòu)成 一般現(xiàn)在時表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作、存在的狀態(tài)或習(xí)慣性的動作。（1）be（am,is,are） 動詞：（作謂語動詞時 ）肯定句 :主語+be 動詞 （am,is,are）+其它。如： I am a student.（ 主語+be 動詞+名詞 ）They are hungry. （主語 +be 動詞 + 形容詞） He is out.（ 主語 +be 動詞 + 副詞 ） That pen is mine.（ 主語 +be 動

11、詞 + 代詞 ） Iam fifteen.（ 主語+be 動詞 +數(shù)詞 ） The bike is under the tree.（ 主語 +be 動詞 + 介詞短語 ） 運(yùn)用 am,is,are 寫三個句子 否定句：主語 + be（am,is,are） + not + 其它。如： He is not a worker. 他不是工人。 運(yùn)用 am,is,are 寫三個句子一般疑問句： Be（am,is,are） +主語 +其它。如： -Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 運(yùn)用 am,is,are 寫三個句子 特殊疑問句：疑問詞 + 一般疑問

12、句。如： Where ismy bike? 運(yùn)用 am,is,are 寫三個句子特殊疑問句：疑問詞（ what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape, what colour, ） ,找句子中有沒有 be 動詞（ is,am 或者 are）或情態(tài)動詞或者助動詞 （特殊疑問句 :疑問詞 +be 動詞（ is,am 或者 are）或情態(tài)動詞或者助動詞 +其他 ?）（2）行為動詞 ：主語 + 行為動詞 + （其它）。（作謂語動詞時 ） 1）主語不是第三人稱單數(shù)時，肯定句為：主語 + 動詞原形 + 其它

13、否定式為：主語 +dont+ 動詞原形 + 其它 疑問句為： Do+ 主語 +動詞原形 +其它？e.g. We speak Chinese. Do you speak Chinese? -Yes, I do. / No, I dont. They dont speak Chinese. 寫三個句子2）當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時： （he,she,it,A/An, 單獨(dú)的人或事物 :Lily/book） 肯定句為 :主語 +動詞（詞尾加 s或 es）+其它。否定式為：主語 +doesnt+ 動詞原形 +其它 .疑問句式： Does+主語+動詞原形 +其它？ He speaks English. He

14、 doesnt speaks English.- Does she go to work by bike? Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. 寫三個句子 特殊疑問句：疑問詞 + 一般疑問句。如： How does your father go to work?3）動詞 +s 的變化規(guī)則（1）一般情況下，直接加 -s ，如： cook-cooks, milk-milks（2）以 s.x.sh. ch. o 結(jié)尾，加 -es ，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes（3）以輔音字母 +y結(jié)尾，變 y為

15、 i,再加-es，如： study-studies（3）情態(tài)動詞（作謂語動詞時 ）（can,could,be able to,may,might,must,have to,need,shall,should, will,would） 時， 句子結(jié)構(gòu)為： 肯定句：主語 + 情態(tài)動詞 +動詞原形。否定句：主語 +情態(tài)動詞 +not+ 動詞原形 一般疑問句。情態(tài)動詞 +主語 +動詞原形 +其他？ 特殊疑問句：疑問詞 +情態(tài)動詞 +主語+動詞原形 +其他？ Eg: He can speak English. Can Ihelp you? What can Ido for you? 在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，一般現(xiàn)

16、在時常與以下時間狀語聯(lián)用： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month ), once a week, on Sundays 例句： He usually plays football on Sundays.一、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)talkforgethopestopperformplaysaybuyworryflystudylikemaketake_loverecitebecomecomedrive二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. The children have a good time in the park. 否

17、定句： 一般疑問句： 對劃線部分提問： 2. There is about nine hundred people at the concert. 否定句： 一般疑問句： 對劃線部分提問： 3. Ann does her homework yesterday evening.否定句： 一般疑問句： 對劃線部分提問： 4. Iread an English book.否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯定 /否定回答： 對劃線部分提問： 5. My brother is in the park just now.否定句： 一般疑問句： 對劃線部分提問： 一般現(xiàn)在時第三人稱單數(shù)句型轉(zhuǎn)換練習(xí)1.I go to

18、 school before 7:00 in the morning.( he ) 2.I always go shopping with my mum on Sunday.( she ) 3.I sometimes play computer games after school on Sunday.( he ) 4.I always take exercise after class on Monday.( my mother )般過去時詳細(xì)講解與練習(xí)題一、巧記一般過去時： 動詞一般過去時，表示過去發(fā)生的事；be 用 was 或用 were, have,has 變 had ；謂語動詞過去式

19、，過去時間作標(biāo)志；一般動詞加 -ed ，若是特殊得硬記。 否定句很簡單，主語之后 didn t 添； 疑問句也不難， did 放在主語前；不含 be 動詞時如果謂語之前有 did ，謂語動詞需還原；動詞若是 was,were, 否定就把 not 添。含 be 動詞時疑問句也不難，要把 was ，were 放在主語前。二、be 的一般過去時： 學(xué)習(xí)動詞 be 的一般過去時，下面有一口訣，它可以幫你們更好地掌 握動詞 be 的一般過去時。be 的過去時有四巧： 一是時間狀語巧， 表示過去的短語要記牢； 二是形式巧，單數(shù) was ，復(fù)數(shù) were ； 三巧是否定句結(jié)構(gòu)， not 緊跟 waswere

20、 ； 四是疑問句式巧， was were 向前跑 (提前 )。 【一巧】時間狀語(即標(biāo)志詞)巧。 一般過去時表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，恰巧與表示過去的一些時間狀語連用。1. yesterday 或以其構(gòu)成的短語： yesterday morning(afternoon, evening) 等；2. 由“l(fā)ast+ 一時間名詞”構(gòu)成的短語： last night, last year (winter, month, week) 等；3. 由“時間段+ago ”構(gòu)成的短語： a moment ago, a short time ago, an hour ago 等；4. 其它： just n

21、ow 等5. 由某些表示過去時態(tài)的從句等?！径伞啃问角伞Ｋc一般現(xiàn)在時一樣，形式多樣：當(dāng)主語是第一人稱單數(shù)或第三人稱單 數(shù)時，謂語動詞用 was；主語是第二人稱或其他人稱復(fù)數(shù)時，謂語動詞用were 。例如： I was in the classroom yesterday morning 昨天早上我在教室里。 He was at school last Tuesday 上周二他在學(xué)校。They were over there a moment ago 剛才他們在那邊?！救伞糠穸ň浣Y(jié)構(gòu)巧。與動詞 be 的一般現(xiàn)在時一樣， 它在動詞后面加 not 即可變成否定 句，并且 was, were 與

22、 not 可以縮寫成 wasnt, werent 。即： 主語 wasnt werent 表語 其他。例如：I was not ( wasnt) here yesterday 昨天我不在這兒。My parents were not ( werent) at home last Sunday 上周日我父母不在家?！舅那伞?疑問句式巧。把 was, were 提到句首，句末用問號即可變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧?。即?Was(Were) 主語 表語 其他？這恰巧與動詞 be 的一般現(xiàn)在時的疑問句式相似。 例如： Were you at home the day before yesterday 前天你在家嗎？W

23、as she late this morning 今天早上她遲到了嗎？ 更巧的是疑問句的答語也相似，肯定回答用“ Yes,主語 was were ”； 否定回答用“No,主語 wasnt werent ”。例如： Were Wei Hua and Han Mei here just now 剛才華和梅在這兒嗎？ Yes, they were (No, they werent ) 是的，她們在。 (不，她們不在。 )一、單項(xiàng)選擇： 從下列各題后所給的四個選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳答案填空。 (10) ( )1 My father ill yesterday A isnt B arent C wasnt D

24、werent( )2 your parents at home last week A Is B WasC Are D Were( )3 The twins in Dalian last year They here now A are。 were B were 。 are C was。 areD were 。 was( )4 your father at work the day yesterday( 前天)A Was 。 before B Is。 before C Was。 after D Is。 after( )5 Who was on duty last Friday A I amB

25、I was C Yes, I wasD No, I wasnt( )6. I cleaned my classroom .A with three hours B three hours ago C in three hours D three hours be fore ( ) 7.I came my house two days ago .A back on B back to C to back D back ( )8 . ?He did some reading at home.A What does your father do yesterday evening B What do

26、es your brother do in the scho olC What did your brother do over the weekend D Where did your brother go last Sun day( ) 9. What did you do ? I went to the movies.A next morning Bover the weekend C in the weekend D next Monday ( ) 10. The koala sleeps ，_ but gets up .A during the day 。 at the evenin

27、g B at day during night C in the day during the evening D during the day 。 at night 二、請用正確動詞形式填空。 (10)1.I (have) an exciting party last weekend.2. she (practice)her guitar yesterday? No, she .3. What Tom (do) on Saturday evening?He (watch)TV and (reada) n interesting book.4. They all (go)to the moun

28、tains yesterday morning.5.She (notvisit) her aunt last weekend.She (stay) at home and (do)some cleaning.6. When you (write)this song? I (writei)t last year.7. My friend, Carol, (study)for the math test and (practice)English last night.8. Mr. Li (dot)he project on Monday morning? Yes, he .9. How (beJ

29、)ims weekend? It (benot) bad.10. (be) your mother a sales assistant last year? No. she .三、翻譯下列句子 (20)1. 我過了一個忙碌但卻刺激的周末。Iexciting weekend.2. Jenny 喜歡看書。昨晚她看了一本英語書。Jenny likes S.he an English book last night.3. Emma 每天都看電視?？墒亲蛱焖麤]有看。EmmaTV every day. But he yesterday.4. 上周六他們做什么了？他們做作業(yè)和購物了。What they Sa

30、turday?They h_omework and .5. 今天早上方方得做飯，因?yàn)樗赣H不在家。This morning Fangfang because his father yesterday.6. 你還有什么要說的？ What would you like ?7. 放學(xué)別忘了向老師說聲再見。 Don t forget the teacher.8. 為什么你昨晚沒有看電視？ Why you TV last night?9. 他在打掃教室的時候，發(fā)現(xiàn)地上有塊表。When he the classroom, he a watch on the ground.10. 他什么時候出生的？ 198

31、0 年。-When he ?- 1980.四、改寫句子： (20)1、 Lucy did her homework at home. (改否定句)Lucy her homework at home.2、He found some meat in the fridge (冰箱) .(變一般疑問句 )h_e m_ eat in the fridge?3、There was some orange in the cup. (變一般疑問句 )there orange in the cup?4. Frank read an interesting book about history. (一般疑問句)F

32、rank an interesting book about history?5. Why not go out for a walk? (同義句) out for a walk?6. Thomas spent RMB10 on this book. (否定句)ThomasRMB10 on this book.7. My family went to the beach last week. (劃線提問) family last week?8.I think she is Lilys sister. (否定句。注意否定轉(zhuǎn)移)9. Sally often does some reading in

33、 the morning. (否定句) Sally often some reading in the morning.10. He isa tall, thin boy. （劃線提問） he ?五、改錯題 （20） 1How is Jane yesterday? 2 He go to school by bus last week. 3 He often goes home at 6:00 last month. 4 I can fly kites seven years ago. 5 Did you saw him just now. 6 Tom wasnt watch TV last n

34、ight. 7 Ididn t my homework yesterday. 8 He wait for you three hours ago. 9Who find it just now ? 10.What make him cry （哭 ） just now? 六、完形填空 （10）Tom did not like doing his homework，because he liked to do some 1 things after school And his teacher always 2 a lot of mistak es in his homework Then one

35、day，his maths teacher 3 at Tom s homework and saw that he got all his answersright He was very 4 and surprised （ 驚 奇 ） The next morning before class ， he called Tom 5 his desk and 6 to him ，“You got all your homework right this time Did your father help you ？”Sometimes Tom s father helped him with his homework ， 7 this time he didn t help Tom because he 8 at home So Tom answered ， “ NO ， SirHe Was busy last night ， so I 9 t