2018屆高三語法專題之簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句學(xué)案(無答案)

1、Grammar 6-簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句一按句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可分三種：1.簡(jiǎn)單句：只有一個(gè)主語（或并列主語）和一個(gè)謂語（或并列謂語）。e. g. He ofte n reads En glish in the morning.Tom and Mike are America n boys.She likes draw ing and ofte n draws pictures for the wall n ewspapers.2. 并列句：由并列連詞（and, but, or 等）或分號(hào)（；）把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡(jiǎn)單句連在 一起構(gòu)成。e. g. You help him and he helps y

2、ou.The future is bright; the road is tortuous.前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。3. 復(fù)合句：含有一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上從句的句子。復(fù)合句包含：名詞性從句（主語從句、賓 語從句、表語從句和同位語從句）、定語從句和狀語從句等。e. g. The foreig n visitors took a lot of pictures whe n they were at the Great Wall.二.簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型1. We work. 句型_2. Henry bought a dictionary.句型： _3. He is a student。: 句型： _

3、4. My father bought me a car.句型： _5. Tom made the baby laugh.句型： _注：其他各種句子都可由這一種基本句型擴(kuò)展、變化或省略而構(gòu)成。三.并列句的分類并列句基本概念：并列復(fù)合句是由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上并列而又獨(dú)立的簡(jiǎn)單句構(gòu)成。兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句常由并列連接詞連在一起；但有時(shí)不用連接詞，只在兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句之間用一逗號(hào)或分號(hào)。1、 表示連接兩個(gè)同等概念，常用 _等連接。e. g. The teacher s name is Smith, and the student s name is John.2、 表示選擇，常用的連詞有 _ 等。e. g. Hurry

4、 up, or you ll miss the train.3、 表示轉(zhuǎn)折，常用的連詞有 _等。e. g. He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a stra nge way of making his classeslively and in teresti ng.4、 表示因果關(guān)系，常用的連詞有 _等。e. g. August is the time of the year for rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.四. 主從復(fù)合句： w.w.w.k.

5、s.5.u.c.o.m1.概念:主從復(fù)合句由一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的從句構(gòu)成。主句為句子的主體，從句只用作句子的一個(gè)次要成分，不能獨(dú)立成為一個(gè)句子。從句通常由關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)，并由關(guān)聯(lián)詞將從句和主句聯(lián)系在一起。2.分類:從句按其在復(fù)合句中的作用分為等。(1)狀語從句：請(qǐng)畫出以下句子中的狀語從句，并確定其類型。Once he has made up his mind， nothing can change it.(I want to talk with you as soon as I finish my work.Please stay where you are.(Since no one el

6、se is against it, we II pass the law.As he is not well today, I will go myself. (It is warmer in Spri ng tha n in win ter.(I get up as early as my parents do every day.(He is not so tall as bill.(I got up so early so that I could catch the first bus to Macao.You had better take more clothes in case

7、the weather is cold.I was so excited that I could not wait to meet him. (She spoke in such a low voice that we could not hear her at all.He will talk with me if he has time tomorrow. (You can stay as long as like.(We heard a no ise, as if some one were breath ing.(She will do as she is told.(They ke

8、pt on work ing, though it was raining. (No matter how difficult it is, we must go. (2)定語從句：請(qǐng)畫出以下句子中的先行詞，關(guān)系代詞或者副詞，以及定語從句。The boy who helped us is called Nick.A pla ne is a mach ine that can fly.This is the place where we visited last year.The reas on why he did not come was that he missed his train.Y

9、ou should not forget the time whe n we meet.Wuhan, which is a big city, is developing rapidly.James is the best singer that I have ever known.This is a serious issue, to which we attach great importance.The baby the nurse looks after is healthy.Mr. Smith, our English teacher, who wears a hat, is sta

10、nding under the tree.（3）名詞性從句：請(qǐng)判斷以下句子的名詞性從句類型，并劃分句子結(jié)構(gòu)。That the earth goes around the sun is known to us.Whether he is coming or not does not matter too much.When and where he was born is a secret.That is how Henry solved the problem.What people are worried about is whether we will be able to build a

11、 better future.They realize that it is of great value to keep their original language.You cannot imagine what will happen next.We all know the truth that the earth goes around the sun.五針對(duì)訓(xùn)練（ 1）判斷下列句子是簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句還是復(fù)合句，并根據(jù)所學(xué)，劃分句子結(jié)構(gòu)。1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.（）2. The boy wearing

12、 school uniform who offered me his seat is called Tom.（）3. There is a chair which is made of wood（.）4. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come backhome at seven in the evening.（）5. He who studies very hard is in Class One and I am in Class Two（.）6. He was fond of dra

13、wing when he was a child.（）7. No matter how easy it is, you can not ignore it.（8. What he said at the meeting held yesterday was very important.9. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree, which is helpful.()10. What matters most is that we are required to take acti on no w.()11. That is su

14、rely how history will judge modern criticism of video games, whichare accused of turning young people into viole nt crim in als.()12. whether this heated question will be discussed at the meeting is not certain.()i3.Our professor specializing in literature thought that it was important that weshould

15、 read widely.()(2)用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。A 定語從句1. Last summer we visited the West lake, forHan gzhou is famous in theworld.2. He failed in the examination_ made his father very an gry.He failed in the exam in ati on, and_ made his father very an gry.3. He lives in the room_ wi ndow faces the south.4. Do you still

16、remember the place_ we visited the painting exhibiti on?Do you still remember the place_ we visited last week?5.ln our factory there are 2000 workers, two thirds of_ are women.In our factory there are 2000 workers, but two thirds of_ are women.6.I like the sec ond football match_we held last week.7.

17、The engin eer with_my father works is about 50 years old.8_ is known to us, no thi ng is more importa nt tha n study.B 狀語從句1. _he woke_ slept, this subject is always in his mind.2. I would appreciate_ if you do me a favor.3. Hardly had he arrived in HK _she rang me up.4. I was about to leave_ the be

18、ll rang.5. She was walk ing dow n the road_she heard some one shout ing for help.6. I will go there_ it rains. / I will go there_ it does not rain.7. Father is_ busy in working_ he often forgot rest or meals.C名詞性從句1. Up on graduati on he asked to be se _ he is most n eeded.2. _ worried Lucy a bit _

19、her hair was turning gray._worried Lucy a bit was_her hair was turning gray.3. _ you have done might do harm to other people.4.1want to tell you are fired and_you are required to leave as quickly aspossible.5._ The fact is that people tendto talk on line an _ they are likely to fall inlove with stra ngers,6.1do not know _ hard the exam will be.7. is known_ the exam is approaching.8.1will see to _ that everything is ready in time.(3)升格句子：把下列每組題中的兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句合并為一個(gè)復(fù)合句。1.He was tired. He went to be