虛擬語氣學(xué)案

1、虛擬語氣(一)虛擬語氣用于條件狀語從句中(虛擬條件句)1 .表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)時(shí),條件狀語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用 主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用 If I(be) you, I should study English.If he(have) time, he would attend the meeting.如果他在這,我就可以問他.如果我有錢,我就買那本字典.2 .表示與過去的事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)時(shí),條件狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用 主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用 oIf you(take) my advice, you(not fail) in the examination.如果你多穿些衣服,你就不會(huì)感冒了.)要是他早走

2、五分鐘,他就會(huì)趕上那班火車了.3 .表示與將來事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)時(shí),條件從句用 用 oIf you(come) tomorrow , we(have) the meeting.If it(be) to rain tomorrow, the meeting(be) put off.如果我們趕不上頭班汽車,我們就得再等兩個(gè)小時(shí).如果你去看醫(yī)生,他會(huì)告訴你怎么做.4 .錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句A. 1) If I had taken your advice, I would be all right now.2) If Lily(lose) her necklace last night, she(not be)

3、 so upset now.B. If it(be) not for the new society, I(be) dead.5 .含蓄條件句Without, but for, if not for(如果沒有)In the absence of (如果不在)the heavy rain, we(get) there earlier.要是沒有你的幫助,我們就不會(huì)取得這么大的進(jìn)步.而要是沒有那位年輕人,那孩子就沒救了.6 .有時(shí)假設(shè)情況可以通過上下文或其他方式表現(xiàn)出來.Given more time I(do) it better.I was ill that day. Otherwise I(a

4、ttend) the meeting.He(give) you more help, but he has been so busy.1 would have written you before, but I have been ill.I would write to you, but I don 't know your address.I(run) all the way, or I( be) late for the meeting.7.1) .I a bird, I would fly to the sky.2) Had I kown your address, I(wri

5、te) to you last month.8. If only I had listened to my parents. If only we knew where to look for him. 比擬 if only 與 only if,主句I wake up the alarm clock rings.the alarm clock had rung.(二)1 .虛擬語氣用在目的狀語從句中1)He was punished lest he make the same mistake again.2)l will not make a noise for fear that I dis

6、turb him .I have come all the way here in order that you understand me .He put his coat over his son in case he catch cold .如果in order that和so that前的主句是現(xiàn)在時(shí),其后的從句有時(shí)也可用can , may +動(dòng)詞原形.Ask him to hurry up with the letters so that I can sign them .在以lest和in case引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞假設(shè)屬于過去時(shí),一般要用虛擬語氣,should +動(dòng)詞原

7、形,假設(shè)謂語動(dòng)詞不是過去時(shí),也可以用成述語氣.Take warm clothes in case the weather is cold .2.1)Alan talked about Rome as if he were a Roman .2)I feel as if I were ten years younger.3)He talks about pyramids as though he(see) them himself.4)1 feel as if we(know) each other for years .5) He speaks English so fluently as i

8、f he(study) English in England.6)Even if he(be) here, he could not solve the problem.* 、1. 1)The manager would rather his daughter(work) in the same office .2)The boss would rather Tom(leave) tomorrow.3)The boss would rather Tom(leave) yesterday.1)1 would rather(stay) at home today .2)1 would rather

9、(not tell) him the bad news, he is so sad now.3)1 would rather you( not tell) him the bad news now.4)1 woud rather you(not tell) him the bad news last night.5)Who would you rather(go) with you?6)Who would you rather have(go) with you?2. I suggest that we( hold) a meeting next week.He insisted that h

10、e( be sent) thereHe demanded that he(get) a higher pay.判斷改錯(cuò)：() You pale face suggests that you (should) be ill.() Your pale face suggests that you are ill.() I insisted that you ( should) be wrong.() I insisted that you were wrong.3. I wish I(be) as tall as you. 我希望和你一樣高He wished he(say) that.他希望他沒講

11、過那樣的話I wish it(rain) tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了一.、 We are all for your proposal that the discussion( be) put off .The suggestion that the mayor( present) the prizes was accepted by everyone .Any proposals that john( b)e dismissed must be resisted .His idea that we(take )up the matter with a special board

12、is fairly resonable .Our suggestion is that the famous star( put) on a play at the english evening .The demand he(make) at the meeting is reasonable.四、It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc) that we(clean) the room every day.It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc) that you(be) so careless

13、.It will be desired (suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc) that she (finish ) her homework this afternoon. It is a strange that he did not come總結(jié)五、It is (about) time we(leave).It is high time we( be) going .六、虛擬語氣在簡單句中的應(yīng)用1)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的過去式用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)時(shí),表示說話人謙虛,客氣,有禮貌或語氣委婉,常出現(xiàn)在 日常會(huì)話中.例如：It would b

14、e better for you not to stay up too late.Would you be kind enough to open the door?2)用于一些習(xí)慣表達(dá)法中.例如：Would you like a cup of tea?I would rather not tell you ?You had better go now.3)用“may+動(dòng)詞原形,但愿,祝愿.May須置于句首.例如.May you be happy! May you succeed.!1. Long live the Chinese Communist Party !2. God bless y

15、ou !3. Heaven help us !虛擬語氣練習(xí)題1. 一Would you have called her up had it been possible ?一Yes, but I busy doing my homeworkA. was B. were C. had been D. would be1.1 was ill that day, otherwise I the sports meetA. would have taken part in B. took part in C. had taken part in D. would take part in3. the c

16、louds, you would find the airplane in the sky easilyA. Had it not been for B. If it were not C. If it had not been for D. Were it not for4. If my lawyer here last Sunday, he me from goingA. had been, would have prevented B. had been, would preventC. were, preventD. were, would have prevented5. hard,

17、 he would have passed the examA. If he were to work B. Had he worked C. Should he work D. Were he to work6. today, he would get there by FridayA. Were he to leave B. If he had left C. Did he to leave D. Had he left7. Had you listened to the doctor, you all right nowA. are B. were C. would be D. woul

18、d have been8. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she, she would have met my brotherA. has come B. did come C. come D. had come9. He busy yesterday, or he you with your experiment.A. was, had helped B. was, would have helpedC. had been, would have helped D. were, would have helped10. If it

19、for the snow, we the mountain yesterdayA. were not, could have climb B. were not, could climbC. had not been, could have climbed D. hadn ' t been, could climb11. Without electricity, human life quite difficult todayA. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be12. 一I am going to tell her the ne

20、wsI would as soon you her about itA. didn ' t teB. don ' t tell C. hadn D.tvtelh ' t tell13. Mike ' s father,vaell as his mother, insisted he homeA. stayed B. could stay C. has stayed D. stay14. It was requested that the play againA. should put on B. would put on C. be put on D. put

21、on15. She insisted that a doctor immediatelyA. had sent for B. send C. be sent for D. was sent16. 一Did you scold him for his carelessnessYes, but itA. I ' d rather not Sol ' d rather not have done C. I should' t doD. I ' d better not do17. If only I my car A. hadn ' t IcBitwouldn

22、 ' t loseC. didn ' t lose D. haven ' t lost18. But for water, it impossible to live in the earthA. is B. would C. were D. wouldn ' t be18. I would rather you anything about it for the time beingA. do B. didn ' t d(C. don ' D. didn ' t19. The kind-hearted couple treat the

23、orphan very well as though he their own sonA. is B. were C. had been D. should be20. How the old people wish that they young once moreA. were B. could becomeC. had been D. should be21. It is high time that we a meeting to discuss this problemA. hold B. held C. have held D. had held22. The thief clos

24、ed his eyes he dyingA. even if, was B. though, would be C. even, had been D. as if, were23. I wish that you such a bad headache because I am sure that you would have enjoyed the concertA. had not B. did not have had C. hadn ' t h副 hadn ' t have24. The chairman insisted that we the question a

25、gainA. will discuss B. to discuss C. should discuss D. will be discussed25. He requested that the students them get in cropsA. help B. to help C. helped D. helping26. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody the rulesA. obeys B. Obey C. will obey D. would obey27. I wish I here then . A. was B.

26、had been C. were D. would be28. It is strange that he back so earlyA. came B. will come C. had come D. should have come29. Mother suggested that I my homework first before watching TVA. did B. do C. shall do D. have done30. My suggestion is that the meeting off till nest SundayA. be put B. put C. should put D. had been put31. He is talking so much about America as if he thereA. had been B. has been C. was D. been32. The teacher dem