現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(共3頁(yè))

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上一. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：主語(yǔ) 主動(dòng) 執(zhí)行被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：主語(yǔ) 被動(dòng) 承受例句： The lazy sheep was caught by the gray wolf again!1. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本機(jī)構(gòu)：be +及物動(dòng)詞 過(guò)去分詞2. 主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)的基本規(guī)則：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： 主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ) + 其他成分被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： 主語(yǔ) + be +過(guò)去分詞 + by +賓語(yǔ) + 其他成分例1： Many people speak English. 被動(dòng)句： English is spoken by many people. 例2： He cheated her. 被動(dòng)句： She

2、 was cheated by him. 3.主動(dòng)句變被動(dòng)句的主要規(guī)則：(1). 人稱(chēng)代詞主格做主語(yǔ)，賓格做賓語(yǔ)。 (2). 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 (如果是不及物動(dòng)詞，其過(guò)去分詞應(yīng)帶有相應(yīng)的介詞) He gives up smoking. 被動(dòng)句：_ (3). 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的be 是助動(dòng)詞，有人稱(chēng)、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)為： 一般過(guò)去時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)為： 一般將來(lái)時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)為： 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)為： (4).情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + be done 由上可見(jiàn)，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài) 由_be 動(dòng)詞_ 來(lái)體現(xiàn)。 (5). 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，by+動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者 放在句末(課省略)，by 表示“

3、由，被”的意思。4.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的注意點(diǎn)（1）“三看一聽(tīng)”hear, see, watch, notice，使役動(dòng)詞make等 主動(dòng)句中 to 走開(kāi)， 被動(dòng)句中 to 回來(lái)。 I heard my sister sing in her room yesterday. 被動(dòng)句： My mother always makes me do some housework. 被動(dòng)句：_ （2）say, believe, consider, know, expect, think 等詞接賓語(yǔ)從句，變被動(dòng)句用 It is / was said/believed. that. People believe he

4、told the truth. 被動(dòng)句：_ （3）常見(jiàn)無(wú)被動(dòng)的詞：happen 意為“發(fā)生”時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為物，sth happen to sb, 無(wú)被動(dòng) belong to, take place, rise, sell well, remain, run out, come true等無(wú)被動(dòng) (4) 感官動(dòng)詞_feel, look, smell, taste, sound_, 主動(dòng)表被動(dòng) The news sounds terrible.二. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1、語(yǔ)境分析 動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，已完成，強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響 -Are you hungry? -No, I have had breakfast.

5、動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，未完成，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或未來(lái) I have studied English for 10 years.2. 標(biāo)志性的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： already_, yet_ _， ever_ never_, before_ In the last/past + 一段時(shí)間_ So far _ For + 一段時(shí)間_ Since + 過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn) since then，since two years ago, since 1996 + 從句（過(guò)去式） 次數(shù)（twice， three times , four times）注意：1）already用于肯定句， I have already eaten l

6、unch.yet用于一般疑問(wèn)句或否定句 _ you eaten lunch _? I havent eaten lunch _. 2）Have you ever read this story (before)? -I have never read it.3) In the last three weeks, I have read 5 books.4) We have known each other for 5 years.5) Qingdao has changed greatly so far.6) I havent seen my teachers since I left sch

7、ool.7)I have lived here since 2010. (since 3 years ago)3、重點(diǎn)詞組辨析 have/has gone to 去了(人未回) Have/has been to 去過(guò)(人已回) Have/has been in 去多久（有一段時(shí)間）4. 與延續(xù)性的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) 連用的必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 初中階段?？嫉难永m(xù)性時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： 1）for +一段時(shí)間 2）Since + 過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn) + 從句（過(guò)去式） 3）How long?真題鏈接1. -When _ he _ for London? -The day before yesterday. He _ for two days. A. did, leave; has left B. has, left; has left C. did, leave; has been away D. will, leave; is leaving 附：常見(jiàn)短暫性動(dòng)詞 與 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)化 buy_; borrow_; die_; leave_ (from); put on_ make friends_come back_ start/ begin-_fall asleep_; open_; turn on_