新概念2lesson15

1、課程名稱(chēng)：GoodNews教學(xué)對(duì)象：小學(xué)6年-初一學(xué)生教材：新概念2授課內(nèi)容：Lesson 15課時(shí)：2課型：教學(xué)方法：講授法教學(xué)目的與要求：1能夠熟讀并背誦全文2理解句中句子的轉(zhuǎn)換重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)1直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)及需要注意的幾個(gè)變化教學(xué)過(guò)程 設(shè)計(jì)包括講 授知識(shí)、演示內(nèi) 容及案例、提問(wèn) 及學(xué)生演示內(nèi) 容一重點(diǎn)單詞1 nervous adj, 精神緊張的,膽小的,神經(jīng)過(guò)敏的 eg. Are you nervous in the dark?在黑暗里你會(huì)感到緊張嗎？Examinations made me nervous.近義辨析:nervous沖動(dòng),緊張由于害怕eg.I am always nerv

2、ous when I have to make aspeech,發(fā)白時(shí)我總會(huì)感到緊張.upset 煩惱,心煩息乩不愉快eg. He is upset recently because he is lack of money.2 afford v,負(fù)擔(dān)得起,買(mǎi)得起常用在can, be ableto之后)eg.I really want to help you, but I can' t afford the time.1 ) afford sth. 買(mǎi)得起,付得起eg.I can't afford the coat. It's too expensive.I can on

3、ly afford five yuan.2 ) afford to do sth.擔(dān)負(fù)得起做某事；有經(jīng)濟(jì)水平做某事eg.I can afford to buy the book.=I can afford the book?譯：他買(mǎi)不起這臺(tái)電腦.教法：afford 近義詞和我們?cè)?jīng)學(xué)過(guò)的“花費(fèi)有些類(lèi)似,spend , cost , take ,其中這些動(dòng)詞的用法 我們以前都學(xué)過(guò)而且都復(fù)習(xí)過(guò),老師在這里就不再過(guò) 多提他們,但大家在心里一定要明確這幾個(gè)詞的用法.3 weak adj. 弱的,衰弱的eg. He is too weak to lift this heavy box.教法：在這個(gè)例句中

4、,我們還應(yīng)用到了一個(gè)非常重要的短語(yǔ),too to,太而不能.op. strong 強(qiáng)壯的be weak in 在做得不好教法：這是我們以前學(xué)過(guò)的重要短語(yǔ)be good at的反義短語(yǔ),be weak in后面可以直接加名詞,He is weak in PE. 后面也可以加動(dòng)詞,但要用ing形式c I am weak in playing soccer.4 interrupt v. 打斷,停止eg. Don ' t interrupt me.It is rude to interrupt.He interrupted me while I was speaking.二重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)：1 tel

5、l sb. that教法：tell告訴,后面可以直接加賓語(yǔ),在本文中后 面引導(dǎo)了賓語(yǔ)從句,另外它還有一個(gè)非常重要的句型,tell sb. (not) to do sth.告訴某人(不要)做某事2 would see me教法：would在這里是 will的過(guò)去式形式,情態(tài)動(dòng) 詞后總是要接動(dòng)詞原形,這個(gè)短語(yǔ)是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)形式.3 feel nervous教法：feel是感官動(dòng)詞,后面要接形容詞做表語(yǔ).4 go into教法:我們?cè)谛?1 Jimmy 's breakfast 中已經(jīng)遇到過(guò)這個(gè)短語(yǔ),譯成 進(jìn)到里去,在這里用的是過(guò) 去式形式 went, go into = enter5 loo

6、k up教法：在本文中譯成向上看,另外它還有查找的意 思,look up a word in a dictionary.6 in a weak voice教法：修飾聲首低的形容詞 weak或low , voice指的 是人好聽(tīng)的聲音,noise指噪音,sound包含所有的 聲音.三 grammar直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)的用法導(dǎo)入：直接引語(yǔ)：直接引用別人的原話,一般要加引號(hào).間接引語(yǔ)：用自己的話應(yīng)用別人的話,不用引號(hào).eg. John said, "I ' m going to London with my father."約翰說(shuō)："我要和父親到倫敦去.&quo

7、t;引號(hào)內(nèi)是直接引語(yǔ)John said that he was going to London with his father.約翰說(shuō),他要和他父親去倫敦.賓語(yǔ)從句是間接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)的二要素：1引導(dǎo)詞2語(yǔ)序3時(shí)態(tài)及人稱(chēng)的變化間接引語(yǔ)：四種情況主句 從句語(yǔ)序：主+謂+賓+.1、陳述句句號(hào)-that可省略2、一般疑問(wèn)句問(wèn)號(hào)-if/whether or not引導(dǎo)詞3、特殊疑問(wèn)句問(wèn)號(hào)-特殊疑問(wèn)詞what/how開(kāi)頭 4、祈使句 / 請(qǐng)求-ask/tell sb.notto do sth.下面我們來(lái)看一下直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)具體怎么變.一人稱(chēng)的變化下面有一句順口溜“一隨主.二隨賓,第三人稱(chēng)不 更新.教法

8、：順口溜記起來(lái)非常容易,但我們目的是要把它 能正確運(yùn)用到練習(xí)題中,下面老師來(lái)解釋一下.“一 隨主是指在直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí),如果從句中的 主語(yǔ)是第一人稱(chēng)或被第一人稱(chēng)所修飾.從句中的人稱(chēng) 要根據(jù)主句中主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)變化：eg. She said. "My brother wants to go with me."She said her brother wanted to go with her.教法：“二隨賓是指直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí),假設(shè)從 句中的主語(yǔ)及賓語(yǔ)是第二人稱(chēng).或被第二人你所修飾. 從句中的人稱(chēng)要跟引號(hào)外的主句的賓語(yǔ)一致.如果引 號(hào)外的主句沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ).也可以用第一人稱(chēng)：e

9、g. He said to Kate. "How is your sisternoW?"He asked Kate how her sister wasthen.教法：“第二人稱(chēng)不更新是指直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ) 時(shí).如果從句中的主語(yǔ)及賓語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)或被第三人 稱(chēng)所修飾從句中的人稱(chēng)一般不需要變化：eg. Mr. Smith said: "Jack is a good worker." Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker.二、如何變時(shí)態(tài)如果主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為 過(guò)去時(shí),間接引語(yǔ)中的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)按卜列變化：(1) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话氵^(guò)

10、去時(shí)(2)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)(3) 一般將來(lái)時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)(4)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去完成時(shí)(5) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去完成時(shí)(6) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)不交,仍為過(guò)去完成時(shí)：eg. 1) She said. "I have lost a pen."She said she had lost a pen.2) She said. "We hope so."She said they hoped so.3) She said. "He will go to see his friend."She said he would go to see

11、his friend.但要注意在以下幾種情況下.在直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí),時(shí)態(tài)一般不受化.直接引語(yǔ)是客觀真埋."The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me.f The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth.直接引語(yǔ)是 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),時(shí)態(tài)不理.如：Jack said. "John, where were you going

12、 whenI met you in the street? Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street.直接引語(yǔ)中有具體的過(guò)去某年、某月、某日作狀 語(yǔ),變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí),時(shí)態(tài)不理.Xiao Wangsaid. "I was born on April 20, 1980."Xiao Wangsaid he was born on April 20, 1980.直接引語(yǔ)如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí).表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn) 或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,變間接引語(yǔ),時(shí)態(tài)/、變.He said, "I get up at

13、 six every morning o " He said he gets up at six every morning.如果直接引語(yǔ)中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 沒(méi)有過(guò)去時(shí)的形式(例：ought to , had better, used to)和已經(jīng)是過(guò)去時(shí)的形式時(shí),例：could, should, would, might 不再變.Peter said. "You had better come have today." Peter said I had better go there that day.二、如何受狀語(yǔ)：直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ),狀語(yǔ)變化有其內(nèi)在規(guī)那么,時(shí) 間

14、狀語(yǔ)由“現(xiàn)在改為“原來(lái)例：now變?yōu)閠hen, yesterday 變?yōu)閠he day before 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),尤其表 示方向性的,或用才旨示代詞修飾的狀語(yǔ),由“此改 為“彼例：this改為that,如：He said, "These books are mine."He said those books were his.四、如何交句型：直接引語(yǔ)如果是 陳述句,間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為由 that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句.She said, "Our bus will arrive in fiveminutes."She said that their bus would

15、 arrive in five minutes.直接引語(yǔ)如果是 反意疑問(wèn)句,選擇疑問(wèn)句或一般 疑問(wèn)句,間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為由whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ) 從句.He said, "Can you swim, John?"He asked John if he could swim."You have finished the homework, haven'tyou?" my mother asked.My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework."Do you go to s

16、chool by bus or by bike?" 一 asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.直接引語(yǔ)如果是特殊問(wèn)句,間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)該改為由 疑問(wèn)代詞或疑問(wèn)副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句(賓語(yǔ)從句必須 用陳述句語(yǔ)序).She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?" She asked me when they had their dinner.直接引語(yǔ)如果是祈使句,間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為"tell(ask, order, beg等)sb.(not) to do sth.&qu

17、ot;句型eg. "Don' t make any noise," she said to the children.She told (ordered) the children not tomake any noise."Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.直接引語(yǔ)如果是以“ Let 's開(kāi)頭的祈使句,變 為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí),通常用“ suggest +動(dòng)句詞(或從句).eg. He said, " Let

18、 ' s go t o the film."He suggested going to the film.或 He suggested that they should go to see the film.直接引語(yǔ)是感慨句時(shí)間接引語(yǔ)為what或how引導(dǎo),也可以用that引 導(dǎo).She said, "What a lovely day it is !"She said what a lovely day it was .或 Shesaid that it was a lovely day.如果主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為各種現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來(lái)時(shí), 那么間接引語(yǔ)中的動(dòng)詞仍

19、保持直接引語(yǔ)原來(lái)時(shí)態(tài).注意(1)如果直接引語(yǔ)是表示客觀真理時(shí),變?yōu)殚g接 引語(yǔ),一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)不改為一般過(guò)去時(shí).如：The teacher said "The earth goes round the sun."The teacher said that the earth goes roundthe sun.(2)如果直接引語(yǔ)中有明確表示過(guò)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ), 變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí),一般過(guò)去時(shí)不改為過(guò)去完成時(shí).如：He said to me, "I was born in 1973."He told me that he was born in 1973.(3)如果直接引

20、語(yǔ)所述事實(shí)在當(dāng)時(shí)和目前同樣生效,變?yōu)殚g接賓語(yǔ)時(shí),一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)不改為一般過(guò)去時(shí).如：He said, "I ' m a boy, not a girl."He said that he is a boy ,not a girl.(4)如果直接引語(yǔ)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn) 或習(xí)慣動(dòng)作,在變?yōu)殚g接引時(shí),一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)不改為一 般過(guò)去時(shí).如：The girl said, "I get up at six every morning."The girl said that she gets up at six every morning.(5)如果直接引語(yǔ)中

21、含有since, when, while 引 導(dǎo)的表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)從句,在變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí), 只改變主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,從句的一般過(guò)去時(shí)那么不變.如：He said to me, "I have taught English since he came here ."sh sinceHe told me that he had taught Engli he came here.(6)如果直接引語(yǔ)中含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 must, need, had better 以及情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式 could, might, should, would,在變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí),這些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi) 有時(shí)態(tài)的

22、改變.The teacher said to me . "You must pay moreattention to your pronunciation."The teacher told me that I must (have to )pay more attention to my pronunciation.He said , "I could swim when I was only six ."He said that he could swim when he was only six.6.代詞等一般地應(yīng)作用相應(yīng)的變化.指示代詞 this

23、 -that these- those表本時(shí)間的詞1 now - then2 today- that day3 this week(month ,etc) -that week(month ,etc)4 yesterday -the day before5 last week(month) - the week(month) before6 three days(a year)ago-three days(ayear)before7 tomorrow -the next (following ) day8nextweek(month)一the next(following)week(month

24、)表地點(diǎn)的詞here -there動(dòng)詞 bring - take come - go四 Exercise One1) I asked him how much.A. does his newcar cost B. did his newcar costC. his new car costedD. his new car cost2)Do you know.A. what he ' s looking forB. what is he looking forC. what does he look forD. his is looking for3)I,m not sure .A. w

25、hat is his nameB. what his name isC. his name is whatD. what ' s his name4)I don ' t know.A. where does he live B. where did he liveC. where he livesD. he lives where5)I didn,t know.A. what she saidB. what did she sayC. what she spoke D. what was she speaking6)I don ' t know.A. when he w

26、ill come backB. when will he come backC. when does he come backD. when did he come back7)Could you tell me where now?A.you are livingB. do you liveC. you liveD. did you live8)He didn ' t know he should go or not.A. if B. weather C. that D. whether9) . He asked for the computer.A. did I pay how m

27、uchB. I paid how muchC. how much did I payD. how much I paid10) .“Have you seen the film? he asked me. 7He asked me.A. had I seen the filmB. have I seen the filmC. if I have seen the filmD. whether I had seen the film11) .“Please close the window,“ he said to me.He me the window.A. said to; to close

28、 B. told to; closingC. asked ; to close D. said to; please close12) .“I am a teacher, " Jack said. He saidA. that I am a teacher B. I was a teacherC. that he is a teacher D. he was a teacher13) . Hesaid, “Mother, the boy is very naughty. He - very naughty.A. said his mother that the boy wasB. s

29、aid to his mother that the boy isC. told his mother that the boy wasD. spoke to his mother that the boy was14) . “You' ve already got well, haven' t you? she asked.She asked.A. if I have already got well, hadn ' tyouB. whether I had already got wellC. have I already gotwellD. had I alrea

30、dy got well.15) . He asked ,“ Are you a Party member or aLeague member?He asked me.A. am I a Party member or a League memberB. was I a Party member or a League memberC. if I was a Party member or a League memberD. whether was I a Party memberor a League member. 16). He asked, “Howare you getting alo

31、ng? 一 He asked.A. how am I getting alongB. how are you getting alongC. how I was getting alongD. how was I getting along17) . He asked me with me.A. what the matter is B. what the mater wasC. what ' s the matter D. what was the matter 18). He said,"Don' t do that again. " Heme that

32、 again.A. said to me; not to doB. said to me; don ' t doC. told me; don ' t doD. told me; not to doExercise Two 陳述句1)She says, " I am a teacher. She says 2)She said, “ I am a teacher. She said一般疑問(wèn)句1) “Are you from Japan? he says to me.He()me.2)“Are you from Japan? he said to me.He()me特殊

33、疑問(wèn)句3) “Whendoes the train arrive? Please tell me.Please tellme4) “Whendoes the train arrive? Please told me.Please told me.祈使句/請(qǐng)求1) "Don' t make any noise. Mother says to Tom.Mother( ) Tom2) “Open the window. " Mr Li said to me.Mr Li ()me3) “Would you like to show me your book? Kate sa

34、ys to me.Kate()me.Exercise Three把直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)(陳述句)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1) “We go to school on Saturday. 2) “I want to give your sister a Christmas card. 3) “I will visit my daughter in March. He says4)She says, "I ' m glad to meet you. 把直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)(陳述句)一般過(guò)去時(shí) 5) “I am a teacher. 6) “We are at the coffee shop.T

35、hey said7) “I don ' t have any books about animals.Rik told Annie8) “The earth goes round the sun. The teacher saidExercise Four把直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)(一般疑問(wèn) 句)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1)I really don ' t know. "Did they go to the park yesterday? 2)The principal wants to know. "Do the students study hard? 把直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)(一般疑問(wèn)句)一般過(guò)去時(shí)3)They wondered. "Shall we buy some food for picnic?"4) “Is your mother a doctor or not? Lucy asked me.Exercise Five 把直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)(特殊疑問(wèn) 句)