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1、LISTENINGSECTION 1 Questions 1-10Questions 1 -6Complete the form below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS ANDIOR A NUMBER for each answer.MOMESTAY APPLICATIONFirst name:QuexaonPe11-13Sex:1AnswerfemaleAnsW8n ahmequestions belovYuichin!Nationality: JapanesevtaOteRmbeHAN IWTWORDS for軸會7Present礴嗨studentWciW

2、WelowfeCouege 8LeWghht sphomesiaye studpproxay 9coWst eVodfiloftranspo蟲 does the student prefer 10 When will the student find out her homestay addressFamily preferences: no 5SECTION 2 Questions 11 -20No objection to 6Questions 11-14Choose the correct letterA,B or C.11 What kind of tour is Sally lead

3、ingA a bus tourB a train tourC a walking tour12 The original buildings on the site wereA houses.B industrial building.C shops.13 The local residents wanted to use the site forA leisure.B apartment blocks.C a sports centre.14 The Tower is at the centre of theA nature reserve.B formal gardens.C Bicent

4、ennial Park.Questions 15-17Label the plan below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.Questions 18-20Complete the table below:Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.Nature ReserveAreaFacilityActivityThe Mangrovesboardwalk18Frog Pondoutdoor classroom19The Waterbird Refuge20bird watchingS

5、ECTION 3Questions 21 -30Questions 21 and 22Complete the sentences below.Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD ANDIOR A NUMBER for each answer.The presentation will last 15 minutes.There will be 21 minutes for questions.The presentation will not be 22Questions 21 and 22What do the students decide about each to

6、pic for the geography presentationA They will definitely include this topic.B They might include this topic.C They will not include this topic.Write the correct letter, A,B or C, next to questions 2-26.23 Geographical Location 24 Economy 25 Overview of Education System 26 Role of English Language Qu

7、estions 21 and 22Complete the table below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.Information/visual aidWhere fromOverhead projectorthe 27Map of West Africathe 28Map of the islandsa tourist brochureLiteracy figuresthe 2930on school placesas aboveSECTION 4Questions 31 -40Questions 31 -33Choose t

8、he correct letterA,B or C.Monosodium Glutamate(MSG)31 The speaker says the main topic of the lecture isA the history of monosodium glutamate.B the way monosodium glutamate works.C where monosodium glutamate is used.32 In 1908, scientists in JapanA made monosodium glutamate.B began using kombu.C iden

9、tified glutamate.33 What change occurred in the manufacture of glutamate in 1956A It began to be manufactured on a large scale.B The Japanese began extracting it from natural sources.C It became much more expensive to produce.Questions 34-40Complete the notes below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for e

10、ach answer.Monosodium Glutamate(MSG)MSG containsREADING-34(9.6%)Glutamates is found in foods that contain protein such as 35 and 36You should spend about 20 minutes oQ uestions 1 Which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.Pulling strings to build pyramidsNo one knows exactly how the pyramids were bu

11、ilt. Marcus Chown reckons the answer could be 'hanging in the air'.The pyramids of Egypt were built more than three thousand years ago, and no one knows how. The conventional picture is that tens of thousands of slaves dragged stones on sledges. But there is no evidence to back this up. Now

12、a Californian software consultant called Maureen Clemmons has suggested that kites might have been involved. While perusing a book on the monuments of Egypt, she noticed a hieroglyph that showed a row of men standing in odd postures. They were holding what looked like ropes that led, via some kind o

13、f mechanical system, to a giant bird in the sky. She wondered if perhaps the bird was actually a giant kite, and the men were using it to lift a heavy object. Intrigued, Clemmons contacted Morteza Gharib, aeronautics professor at the California Institute of Technology. He was fascinated by the idea.

14、 'Coming from Iran, I have a keen interest in Middle Eastern science,' he says. He too was puzzled by the picture that had sparked Clemmons's interest. The object in the sky apparently had wings Far too short and wide for a bird. 'The possibility certainly existed that it was a kite,

15、' he says. And since he needed a summer project for his student Emilio Graff, investigating the possibility of using kites as heavy lifters seemed like a good idea.Gharib and Graff set themselves the task of raising a 4-5netre stone column from horizontal to vertical, using no source of energy e

16、xcept the wind. Their initial calculations and scalemodel wind-tunnel experiments convinced them they wouldn't need a strong wind to lift the 33.5-tonne column. Even a modest force, if su7stained over a long time, would do. The key was to use a pulley system that would magnify the applied force.

17、 So they rigged up a ten-tshaped scaffold directly above the tip of the horizontal column, with pulleys suspended from the scaffold's apex. The idea was that as one end of the column rose, the base would roll across the ground on a trolley.Earlier this year, the team put Clemmons's unlikely

18、theory to the test, using a 40-square-metre rectangular nylon sail. The kite lifted the column clean off the ground. 'We were absolutely stunned,'Gharib says. 'The instant the sail opened into the wind, a huge force was generated and the column was raised to the vertical in a mere 40 sec

19、onds. The wind was blowing at a gentle 16 t0 20 kilometres an hour, little more than half what they thought would be needed. what they had Failed to reckon with was what happened when the kite was opened. 'There was a huge initial force five times larger than the steady state Force,' Gharib

20、says. This jerk meant that kites could lift huge weights, Gharib realised. Even a 300tonne column could have been lifted to the vertical with 40 0r so men and four or Five sails. So Clemmons was right: the pyramid builders could have used kites to lift massive stones into place. 'whether they ac

21、tually did is another matter,' Gharib says. There are no pictures showing the construction of the pyramids, so there is no way to tell what really happened. 'The evidence For using kites to move large stones is no better or worse than the evidence for the brute force method,' Gharib says

22、. Indeed, the experiments have left many specialists unconvinced. 'The evidence for kite-lifting is non-existent,' says Willeke Wendrich, an associate professor oF Egyptology at the University of California, Los Angeles.Others feel there is more of a case for the theory. Harnessing the wind

23、would not have been a problem for accomplished sailors like the Egyptians. And they are known fo have used wooden pulleys, which could have been made strong enough to bear the weight of massive blocks of stone. In addition, there is some physical evidence that the ancient Egyptians were interested i

24、n flight. A wooden arteFact found on the step pyramid at Saqqara looks uncannily like a modern glider. Although it dates from several hundred years after the building of the pyramids, its sophistication suggests that the Egyptians might have been developing ideas of flight for a long time. And other

25、 ancient civilisations certainly knew about kites; as early as 1250 BC, the Chinese were using them to deliver messages and dump flaming debris on their foes.The experiments might even have practical uses nowadays. There are plenty oF places arounci'the globe where people have no access to heavy

26、 machinery, but do know how to deal with wind, sailing and basic mechanical principles. Gharib has already been contacted by a civil engineer in Nicaragua, who wants to put up buildings with adobe roofs supported by concrete arches on a site that heavy equipment can't reach. His idea is to build

27、 the arches horizontally, then lift them into place using kites. 'We've given him some design hints,' says Gharib. 'We're just waiting for him to report back.' So whether they were actually used to build the pyramids or not, it seems that kites may make sensible construction

28、tools in the 21 st century AD.Questions 1-7Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1In boxes l-7 0n your answer sheet, writeYesif the statement agrees with the informationNoif the statement disagrees with the informationNot Given if there is no information on

29、this1 It is generally believed that large numbers of people were needed to build the pyramids.2 Clemmons found a strange hieroglyph on the wall of an Egyptian monument.3 Gharib had previously done experiments on bird flight.4 Gharib and Graff tested their theory before applying it.5 The success of t

30、he actual experiment was due to the high speed of the wind.6 They found that, as the kite fiew higher, the wind force got stronger.7 The team decided that it was possible to use kites to raise very heavy stones.Questions 8-13Complete the summary belowChooseNO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for

31、 each answer.Write your answers in boxes 813 0n your answer sheet.Additional evidence for theory of kite -liftingThe Egyptians had 8,which could lift large pieces of9, and they knew how to use the energy of the wind from their skill as10The discovery on one pyramid of an object which resembled M1sug

32、gests they may have experimented witH2 In addition, over twothousand years ago kites were used in China as weapons, as well as for sending 13.READING PASSAGE 2You should spend about 20 minutes oQ uestions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage2 below.Endless HarvestMore than two hundred years ago

33、, Russian explorers and fur hunters landed on the Aleutian Islands, a volcanic archipelago in the North Pacific, and learned of a land mass that lay farther to the north. The islands' native inhabitants called this land mass Aleyska, the ' Great Land' today, we know it as Alaska.The fort

34、y-ninth state to join the United States of America (in 1959), Alaska isfully one -fifth the size of the mainland 48states combined. It shares, with Canada, the second longest river system in North America and has over half the coastline of the United States. The rivers feed into the Bering Sea and G

35、ulf of Alaska cold, nutrient-rich waters which support tens of millions of seabirds, and over 400 species of fish, shellfish, crustaceans, and molluscs. Taking advantage of this rich bounty, Alaska's commercial fisheries have developed into some of the largest in the world.According to the Alask

36、a Department of Fish and Game (ADF&G), Alaska's commercial fisheries landed hundreds of thousands of tonnes of shellfish and herring, and well over a million tonnes of groundfish (cod, sole, perch and pollock) in 2000. The true cultural heart and soul of Alaska's fisheries, however, is s

37、almon.' Salmon,' notes Ewing in The Great Alaska Nature Factbook,' pump through Alaska like blood thro heart, bringing rhythmic, circulating nourishment to land, animals and people.' The 'predictable abundance of salmon allowed some native cultures to flourish,' and spawners*

38、 feed bears, eagles, other animals, and ultimately the soil itself.' All five species of Pacific salmon- chinook, or king; chum, or dog; coho, or silver; sockeye, or red; and pink, or humpback- spawn* in Alaskan waters, and 90% of all Pacific salmon commercially caught in North America are produ

39、ced there. Indeed, if Alaska was an independent nation, it would be the largest producer of wild salmon in the world. During 2000, commercial catches of Pacific salmon in Alaska exceeded 320,000 tonnes, with an ex-vessel value of over US260 million.Catches have not always been so healthy. Between 19

40、40 and 1959, overfishing led to crashes in salmon populations so severe that in 1953 Alaska was declared a federal disaster area. With the onset of statehood, however, the State of Alaska took over management of its own fisheries, guided by a state constitution which mandates that Alaska's natur

41、al resources be managed on a sustainable basis. At that time, statewide harvests totalled around 25 million salmon. Over the next few decades average catches steadily increased as a result of this policy of sustainable management, until, during the 1990s, annual harvests were well in excess of 100 m

42、illion, and on several occasions over 200 million fish.The primary reason for such increases is what is known as -Season AbundanceBased Management'. There are biologists throughout the state constantly monitoring adult fish as they show up to spawn. The biologists sit in streamside counting towe

43、rs, study sonar, watch from aeroplanes, and talk to fishermen. The salmon season in Alaska is not pset.The fishermen know the approximate time of year when they will be allowed to fish, but on any given day, one or more field biologists in a particular area can put a halt to fishing. Even sport fish

44、ing can be brought to a halt. It is this management mechanism that has allowed Alaska salmon stocks- and, accordingly, Alaska salmon fisheries to prosper, even as salmon populations in the rest of the United States are increasingly considered threatened or even endangered.In 1999, the Marine Steward

45、ship Council (MSC)* commissioned a review of the Alaska salmon fishery. The Council, which was founded in 1996, certifies fisheries that meet high environmental standards, enabling them to use a label that recognises their environmental responsibility. The MSC has established a set of criteria by wh

46、ich commercial fisheries can be judged. Recognising the potential benefits of being identified as environmentally responsible, fisheries approach the Council requesting to undergo the certification process. The MSC then appoints a certification committee, composed of a panel of fisheries experts, wh

47、ich gathers information and opinions from fishermen, biologists, government officials, industry representatives, no-governmental organisations and others.Some observers thought the Alaska salmon fisheries would not have any chance of certification when, in the months leading up to MSC's final de

48、cision, salmon runs throughout western Alaska completely collapsed. In the Ykon and Kuskokwim rivers, chinook and chum runs were probably the poorest since statehood; subsistence communities throughout the region, who normally have priority over commercial fishing, were devastated.The crisis was com

49、pletely unexpected, but researchers believe it had nothing to do with impacts of fisheries. Rather, they contend, it was almost certainly the result of climatic shifts, prompted in part by cumulative effects of the el ni?o / la ni?a phenomenon on Pacific Ocean temperatures, culminating in a harsh wi

50、nter in which huge numbers of salmon eggs were frozen. It could have meant the end as far as the certification process was concerned. However, the state reacted quickly, closing down all fisheries, even those necessary for subsistence purposes.In September 2000, MSC announced that the Alaska salmon

51、fisheries qualified for certification. Seven companies producing Alaska salmon were immediately granted permission to display the MSC logo on their products. Certification is for an initial period of five years, with an annual review to ensure that the fishery is continuing to meet therequired stand

52、ards.1 spawners: fish that have released eggs2 * spawn: release eggs3 * MSC: a joint venture between WWF (World Wildlife Fund) and Unilever, aDutch-based multi-nationalQuestions 14-20Do the following statements agree with the information given in ReadingPassage 2In boxes 1420 on your answer sheet, w

53、riteFALSETRUEif the statement agrees with the informationif the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this14 The inhabitants of the Aleutian islands renamed their islands' Aleysl15 Alaska's fisheries are owned by some of the world's largest companie

54、s.16 Life in Alaska is dependent on salmon.17 Ninety per cent of all Pacific salmon caught are sockeye or pink salmon.18 More than 320,000 tonnes of salmon were caught in Alaska in 2000.19 Between 1940 and 1959, there was a sharp decrease in Alaska's salmon population.20 During the 1990s, the av

55、erage number of salmon caught each year was 100 million.Questions 21 -26Complete each sentence with the correct ending, -K, below.Write the correct letter, A-K, in boxes 21-26 on your answer sheet.21 In Alaska, biologists keep a check on adult fish22 Biologists have the authority23 In-Season Abundan

56、c-Based Management has allowed the Alaska salmon fisheries24 The Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) was established25 As a result of the collapse of the salmon runs in 1999, the state decided26 In September 2000, the MSC allowed seven Alaska salmon companiesA to recognise fisheries that care for the e

57、nvironment.E居DING)PsucfEl.3G HIJ Kto ensure that fish numbefEarersuf&ienNOpSrmit fishing.C to stop fish from spawning.ReadingouDJhqtuMePeinQnviotun menmn pesecQuesawss 27-40, which are based onE tostop( people fishing for sport. assag%3晶 etteeprwdngcpagsg the MSC logo.to assist the subsistence c

58、ommunities in the region.to freeze a huge number of salmon eggs. to deny certification to the Alaska fisheries. to close down all fisheries.In general, it is plausible to suppose that we should prefer peace and quiet to noise. And yet most of us have had the experience of having to adjust to sleepin

59、g in the mountains or the countryside because it was initially' too quiet', an experience that suggestshumans are capable of adapting to a wide range of noise levels. Research supports this view. For example, Glass and Singer (1972) exposed people to short bursts of very loud noise and then measured their ability to work out problems and