初中英語可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則(共7頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則及練習(xí)題1. 可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞： 英語的名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。表示可以計(jì)數(shù)的事物的名詞叫可數(shù)名詞，一般有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式兩種形式?？蓴?shù)名詞的單數(shù)變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則為：1）一般情況下，在可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式后面加字母-s構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：bookbooks； penpens； erasererasers2）以字母x；s；ch；sh結(jié)尾的單詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式是在單詞后面加字母-es。如：busbuses；boxboxes；watchwatches3）以輔音字母結(jié)尾的可數(shù)名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式是把字母變?yōu)閕再加-es。如：babybabies； coun

2、trycountries； citycities注意：如果是以元音字母y結(jié)尾的單詞則直接加字母-s。如：boyboys；toytoys4）以字母f或者fe結(jié)尾的可數(shù)名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式是先把字母f變?yōu)関再加-es。如：wifewives；leafleaves；knifeknives5）以字母o結(jié)尾的可數(shù)名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式一般加-s，或es。如：photophotos，radioradios，piano pianos， tomatotomatoes，potatopotatoes6）一些特殊變化的復(fù)數(shù)形式。 如：man/womanmen/women； childchildren；footfeet；too

3、thteeth；mousemice7）有些名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同：如：sheep，deer，Chinese，Japanese，yuan（元）， jin （斤） 注意：有些集體名詞本身既表示單數(shù)意義又表示復(fù)數(shù)意義。當(dāng)這些名詞指代一個(gè)單位、機(jī)構(gòu)或被看成一個(gè)整體時(shí)，作單數(shù)形式理解；如果表示這個(gè)群體的所有成員，通常被看作復(fù)數(shù)。常用的這類詞有：class 班級(jí)； team 隊(duì)（員）； family 家庭/人； government 政府； group 組（員）The family is not large. 這個(gè)家庭不大。（指家庭這個(gè)整體）The family are all music lovers.

4、這一家人都是音樂愛好者。（指家庭中的成員）Almost all families in this village have taken part in the program. （指多個(gè)家庭）在這個(gè)村莊幾乎所有家庭都參加了這個(gè)節(jié)目。2不可數(shù)名詞“量”的表示方法1）用much, a little, a lot of/lots of, some, any等表示多少。如：The rich man has a lot of money那個(gè)富人有很多錢。There is some milk in the bottle瓶子里有一些牛奶。Is there any water in the glass？杯子里

5、有一些水嗎？I don't like winter because there's too much snow and ice我不喜歡冬天，因?yàn)橛刑嗟谋脱?）用a piece of 這類定語修飾不可數(shù)數(shù)名詞.。a piece of paper ; a piece of wood; a piece of bread a bottle of orange ; a glass of water（milk）; a cup of tea 如果要表示“兩杯茶”、“四張紙”這類概念時(shí)，在容器后加復(fù)數(shù)。two cups of tea; four pieces of paper; thre

6、e glasses of water; three bags of rice3. 名詞所有格 名詞所有格是中考的重點(diǎn)。名詞所有格表示人或者事物的所有及所屬關(guān)系，在句子中作定語。1）表示人或者有生命的名詞的所有格的形式，單數(shù)名詞的后面加“-s”。如：This is my fathers car. 這是我父親的汽車。2）表示集體、時(shí)間、距離、世界、國(guó)家等名詞的所有格也可以用“-s”形式。如：Is there anything strange in todays newspaper? 今天報(bào)紙上有什么特別的消息嗎？3）表示無生命的名詞所有格要用of名詞的形式，有時(shí)也用于有生命的名詞。如：Look a

7、t the map of China, please. 請(qǐng)看這張中國(guó)地圖。I know the girls name/ the name of the girl. 我知道這個(gè)女孩的名字。注意：1）用連詞and連接兩個(gè)并列的單數(shù)名詞表示共同所有關(guān)系時(shí)，只在最后一個(gè)名詞的后面加“-s”，如：This is Li Lei and Li Pings father. 這是李雷和李平的父親。（兩個(gè)人共同的父親）如果兩個(gè)名詞分別所有，則在兩個(gè)名詞的后面分別加 “-s”，如：These are Li Leis and Li pings books. 這些是李雷和李平的書。（兩個(gè)人各自所有）2）以s或es結(jié)尾的

8、復(fù)數(shù)名詞，其所有格只在字母s的后面加“”；而不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞的所有格形式仍然要加“-s”。如：Its about ten minutes walk from my home to my school. 從我家到學(xué)校步行大約十分鐘。 Here is the Childrens Palace. 這里是少年宮。 3）雙重所有格：“of +名詞的-s所有格/名詞性物主代詞”構(gòu)成雙重所有格。如果在表示所屬物的名詞前有冠詞、數(shù)詞、不定代詞或指示代詞時(shí)，常用雙重所有格。 例如：Tom is a friend of my fathers. 湯姆是我父親的一位朋友。I gave him two photos

9、 of mine. 我給了他我的兩張照片。鞏固練習(xí)1. Mr. Black gave us _ on how to learn English well. A. an advice B. many advices C. some advice D. some advices2. You can get much _ about the World Expo on the Internet. A. map B. picture C. ticket D. information3. I saw many _ eating grass on the hill. A. horse B. cow C.

10、rabbit D. sheep4. I dont think looking after children is just work. A. womanB. womans C. women D. womens5. The hospital is a bit far from here. Its about _.A. forty minutes walk B. forty minutes walk C. forty minutes walks D. forty minutes walk6. There are a lot of _ planting trees on the hill.A. bo

11、y B. people C. girl D. student7. Your English is very good. Who taught you? Nobody. I taught _.A. me B. him C. himself D. myself8. Listen! The _ are singing in the next room.A. twins babies B. twin babies C. twins baby D. twins baby9. We all think football is not only _ game. Some girls like footbal

12、l, too.A. a boys B. boys C. boys D. the boys10. There are a lot of yellow _ on the tree when autumn comes.A. leafs B. leavesC. apple D. banana11. There are about one hundred teachers in our school. Two thirds of them are _.A. women teachers B. woman teachers C. women teacher D. woman teacher12 They

13、are thirsty. Will you please give them _ ? Certainly.A. some bottles of waters   B. some bottles of waterC. some bottle of water     D. some bottle of waters13Mike hurt one of his _ in the accident yesterday.A. tooth   B. feet   C. hand   D

14、. ear14There is some _ on the plate.A. cakes   B. meat   C. potato   D. pears15The_ has two _ .A. boys; watches   B. boy; watch   C. boy; watches   D. boys; watchII. 用括號(hào)中所給的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Please take some _ (medicine) and stay in bed for two d

15、ays.2. The baby has already had four _ (tooth) when she was seven months old.3. Could you help me to clean the fallen _ (leaf) on the ground?4. We need a lot of _ (dictionary) in our class. Could you buy some for us?5. We had better take three _ (week) holidays after the hard work.6.Whose car is thi

16、s? I think it must be your _ (father).7. I hear the yellow car is _ (Dave and Jane).Is it right?8. Our teacher is very angry with your brother because he made many _ (mistake) in his homework.9. There is a lot of _ (salt) in my soup. It is too salty to drink.10. The Olympic Flame was carried to diff

17、erent _ (city) in China.【答案與解析】I. 單項(xiàng)選擇。1.C。advice是不可數(shù)名詞，表示一些建議只能用C答案，表示一條建議（a piece of advice）。2. D。本題句意是“你能從因特網(wǎng)上得到大量有關(guān)世博會(huì)的信息”。information是不可數(shù)名詞，可以用much修飾，指“大量信息”。3. D。many 后面必須接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，只有sheep單復(fù)數(shù)相同，符合句意。4. D。本題考查名詞所有格，women是woman復(fù)數(shù)，不是以-s結(jié)尾的名詞所有格一般加-s, womens 指“婦女們的”。5. D。本題是考查名詞所有格和不可數(shù)名詞的用法。加-s構(gòu)成的名

18、詞復(fù)數(shù)形式的所有格是minutes。forty minutes walk 意思為“步行40分鐘的路程”，walk是不可數(shù)名詞。6. B。在短語a lot of的后面用可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式或者不可數(shù)名詞。本句用there are則表示后面是用可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，只有people是復(fù)數(shù)，所以選擇B。7. D。本題是考查反身代詞的用法。動(dòng)詞taught和反身代詞連用表示“自學(xué)”的意思，反身代詞和前面作主語的人稱代詞應(yīng)該一致，所以選擇D。8. B。本題是考查名詞作定語一般用單數(shù)的用法，名詞twin修飾后面的名詞作定語，在被修飾的名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式的時(shí)候，twin仍用單數(shù)，所以本題選擇B。9. C。本題是考查名詞所有格和冠詞的用法，從句意“我們都認(rèn)為足球不僅僅是男孩的運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目”推斷“男孩”是泛指，應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)，但不加定冠詞；名詞復(fù)數(shù)的所有格在s后加“”，所以選C。10. B。在短語a lot of的后面用可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式或不可數(shù)名詞，由are可知應(yīng)該用名詞復(fù)數(shù)；leaf的復(fù)數(shù)形式是leaves，所以選B。11. A。本題是考查名詞作定語的用法。man/woman作定語的復(fù)合名詞其復(fù)數(shù)形式是兩個(gè)單詞都變化。所以woman teacher的復(fù)數(shù)形式是women teachers。12. B。表示“一些瓶水”的bot