初中英語動詞時態(tài)歸納歸納對照表

1、初中英語動詞時態(tài)歸納總結(jié)對照表名稱用     法動詞形式(以do為例)常 用 時 間 狀 語例                句一般現(xiàn)在時1.現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)2.經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作3.主語具備的性格或能力I/We/You/They do.He/She/It does.in the morning/afternoon/morningevery day/morning/Sundayon Suna

2、yalways  usually   oftensometimes1.She is twelve.2.I get up at 6:30 every day.3.She likes swimming.一般過去時1.過去某時發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)2.過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作I/We did.You did.He/She/It did.They did.yesterday(morning/afternoon)last night/Sunday  in 1990two days ago    

3、 alwaysusually often sometimes1.I got up at 6:30 yesterday.2.He always went to work by bus last year.一般將來時1.將來某時間要發(fā)生的動或存在的狀態(tài)2.將來經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作I shall do.I'm going to do.We/You/They/He/She/ It will do.We/You/They are goingto do.He/She/It is going to dotomorrow (morning/afternoon/evening)next yea

4、r/month/week1.I will go to my home town next week.2.I'll come to see you every Sunday.3.I'm going to swim tomorrow afternoon.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在或當(dāng)前一段時間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作I'm doing.He/She/It is doing.We/You/They are doing.now1.She is watering the flowers.2.Are they working now?3.They are listening to the tea

5、cher.過去進(jìn)行時過去某一時刻或某一段正在進(jìn)行的動作I/He/She/It was doing.We/You/They were doing.this time yesterdayat ten o'clock yesterdayat that timewhen he came back1.We were reading in class this time yesterday2.I was drawing a picture when the teachercame in.現(xiàn)在完成時1.過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果2.表示過去已經(jīng)開始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)He

6、/She/It has done.We/You/They have done.already  just  before  neverfor three yearssince 1990this morningthese days1.I've already posted the letter.2.We have known each other for ten years.3.They lived here since 1997.4.Have you ever been to Beijing?過去完成時過去某一時間前已經(jīng)發(fā)后的

7、動作或狀態(tài)I/We/You/He/She/It had done.by the end ofwhen+一般過去時before+一般過去時1.I had learned 2000 words by the end of last  term.2.When I got out,the bus had already left.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在以前的一段時間里一直進(jìn)行的動作,這個運(yùn)作可能仍在進(jìn)行,也可能繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去I/We/You/They have been doing.He/She/It has been doing.since nine oclockfor five ho

8、urs1.I have been skating for five hours.2.She has been skating since nine oclock. 初中英語時態(tài)專項練習(xí)1、 一般現(xiàn)在時。通常用 “usually, often, every day, sometimes。一般現(xiàn)在時根本用法介紹一、一般現(xiàn)在時的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實。如：The earth goes around t

9、he sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。二、一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成:肯定句： 1).主語+系動詞 be(is, am, are )+名詞形容詞，介詞短語2) .其他主語+動詞原形+其它              第三人稱單數(shù)+動詞-s+其它如：I am a boy.我是一個男孩。We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。三、一般現(xiàn)在時的變化否認(rèn)句：  1)主語+ be is,am,ar

10、e+ not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。2)其他主語+do not(dont)動詞原形+其它  I don't like bread 第三人稱單數(shù)+does not(doesnt)動詞原形+其它He doesn't often play.一般疑問句：1)BeIs,Are +主語+其它?如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 2)Do其他主語+動詞原形+其它？       

11、;      Does+第三人稱單數(shù)+動詞原形+其它+？注意：遇I/weyou, myyour, someany.Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.  Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Where is my bike?How does your father go to work?一般現(xiàn)在時用法專

12、練:一、用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?二、按照要求改寫句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改為否認(rèn)句) 2. I do my homework every day.(改為一般疑問句，作否認(rèn)答復(fù))&#

13、160;3. She likes milk.(改為一般疑問句，作肯定答復(fù)) 7. I like taking photos in the park.(對劃線局部提問) 8. John comes from Canada.(對劃線局部提問) 三、改錯(劃出錯誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上)1. Is your brother speak English? _2. Does he likes going fishing? _3. He likes play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _5.

14、 She dont do her homework on Sundays. _2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。通常用“now/look/listen.1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作。2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的結(jié)構(gòu)：.肯定句 ： 主語+beis,am,are +動詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ingeg: I am(not) doing my homework.You/We/They are(not) reading.He/She/It is(not) eating.否認(rèn)句：主語+beis,am,are +not + 動詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing一般疑問句：Is(Are)+主語

15、+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing？特殊疑問：疑問詞+ be + 主語 + 動詞ing?3.動詞加ing的變化規(guī)那么1)一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2)以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3)如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping,swimswimming4. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時專項練習(xí)：一、寫出以下動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play_ run_ swim _make_ go_ like_ write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing

16、_ dance_ put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_二、用所給的動詞的正確形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1. They

17、are doing housework .(分別改成一般疑問句和否認(rèn)句) 2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑問句并作肯定和否認(rèn)答復(fù)) 3Im playing the football in the playground .(對劃線局部進(jìn)行提問)                     

18、     3、 一般過去時態(tài)一般過去時通常用 “a moment ago, just now, yesterday, last等。1一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作感謝。2Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化：am 和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as。was not=wasntare在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere。were not=werent帶有was或were的句子，其否認(rèn)、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣，即否認(rèn)句在was或were后加not，一般疑問句

19、把was或were調(diào)到句首。3.行為動詞的一般過去時變化   肯定句Positive 動詞過去式 I went shopping last night.   否認(rèn)句(Negative)didnt + 動詞原形I didnt go shopping last night.一般疑問句(Yes/No)Did + 動詞原形?Did you go shopping last night?特殊疑問句(wh-)What did+ 動詞原形?What did you do last night? 4.動詞過去式的變化：規(guī)

20、那么動詞的變化：一般動詞   +edplanted,watered,climbed以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾                  +dliked輔音字母加y結(jié)尾-y+ iedstudystudied, cry- cried重讀閉音節(jié)單詞，末尾只有一個輔音字母雙寫最后一個字母+edstop stoppedplan - planned不規(guī)那么動詞的變化：原形過去式原形過去式原形過去式原形

21、過去式sweepsweptteachtaughthave hadgowentkeepkeptthink thoughtdo didfindfoundsleepsleptbuy boughteat atesaysaidfeelfeltdrink drankis/am wastaketookreadreadgive gaveare weremeanmeantputputsing sangdrivedrovemeetmetcutcutbegin beganspeakspokemakemade

22、letletringrangwrite wroteseesawflyflewrun ranride rodecomecamedrawdrewsit sathearheardtelltoldgrowgrewlearnlearned/ learntgetgotknowknew5.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday?疑問詞當(dāng)主語時：疑問詞+動詞過去式？如：Who went to home yesterday? 過去時練習(xí):寫出以下動詞的過去式 isam_ fly_ plant_ are

23、 _ drink_ play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_ worry_ ask _ taste_ eat_ draw_ put _ throw_ kick_ pass_ do _ Be動詞的過去時練習(xí):A一、 用be動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I _ at school just now.2. He _ at the camp last week.3. We _ students two years ago.4. They _ on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.二、

24、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. It was exciting.否認(rèn)句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否認(rèn)答復(fù)：_2. All the students were very excited.否認(rèn)句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否認(rèn)答復(fù)：_行為動詞的過去時練習(xí):B一、用行為動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. He _ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat _ (eat) a bird last night.3. We _ (have) a party last Halloween.4. Nancy _ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.5. I _ (ma

25、ke) a model ship with Mike yesterday.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.   Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.否認(rèn)句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否認(rèn)答復(fù)：_2.  We sang some English songs.否認(rèn)句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否認(rèn)答復(fù)：_三、中譯英1格林先生去年住在中國。2. 昨天我們參觀了農(nóng)場。3. 他剛剛在找他的 。過去時綜合練習(xí)A一、 用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday.2. We all _

26、(have) a good time last night.3. He _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. (play)4. Jims mother _ (plant) trees just now.5. _ they _ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _.二、 中譯英1.我們上周五看了一部電影。2.他上個中秋節(jié)走親訪友了嗎？是的。3.你們上個兒童節(jié)做了什么？我們參觀了動物園。4、一般將來時概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、方案或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時間狀語：tomorro

27、w, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow后天等。1.根本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+be (is,am,are)going to +動詞原形. 主語+will+ 動詞原形.2.否認(rèn)句：主語+be (is,am,are)+not +going to +動詞原形.主語+will +not(wont)+ 動詞原形.例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.3.一般疑問句：Is(Are)+主語

28、+going to +動詞原形.+?Will+主語+動詞原形+?例：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?     Yes,we are.      No, we arent.Will he go to Beijing next week?       Yes,he wil

29、l.       No,he wont.4.對劃線局部提問。一般情況，一般將來時的對劃線局部有三種情況。1). 問人。Who 例如：Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon.2). 問干什么。What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3). 問什么時

30、候。When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed?5同義句：be going to = will  I am going to go swimming tomorrow明天. = I will go swimming tomorrow.一、練習(xí)：填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. I _ have a picnic with my friends.2. 下個星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打籃球。 What _ _

31、_ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball. What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball.3. 你媽媽這個周末去購物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。 _ your mother _ _ go shopping this _? Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4. 你們打算什么時候見面。 What time _ you _ _ meet?二、改句子。5. Nancy is going to go camping.改否認(rèn) Nancy _ going to go campi

32、ng.6. Ill go and join them.改否認(rèn) I _ go _ join them.7. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.改一般疑問句 _ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.改一般疑問句 _ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9. She is going to listen to music after school.對劃線局部提問 _ _ she _ _ _ after sch

33、ool?10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上) _ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.三、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。11. Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon.12. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week.13. Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is

34、rain. He _ (go) to school by bike.14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _ (watch) TV and _(catch) insects?15. Its Friday today. What _she _ (do) this weekend? She _ (watch) TV and _ (catch) insects.16. What _ (d0) you do last Sunday? I _ (pick) apples on a farm. What _ (do) next Sunday?

35、I _ (milk) cows.17. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.18. Liu Tao _ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.19. David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday.20. I _ (plan) for my study now.5.過去進(jìn)行時：肯定句：主語+助動詞be (was,were)+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing+其它否認(rèn)句：主語+助動詞be (was,were)+not+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing+其它一般疑問句：Was(Were)+主語+動詞現(xiàn)

36、在分詞-ing+其它？特殊疑問句：疑問詞+was(were)+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing+其它?用法:1、 表示在過去某一時間正在進(jìn)行的動作，往往有表示過去的時間狀語then, at that time, this time yesterday等，或與過去發(fā)生的某事同時發(fā)生的動作即與when, while引出的時間狀語從句連用。例：They were talking about a film at six yesterday evening. 昨晚6點他們正在談?wù)撘徊侩娪啊?#160;   What were you doing at this time last we

37、ek? 上周的這個時候你在干什么？    When the teacher came in, they were talking. 老師進(jìn)來時，他們在講話。2、 表示在過去某一段時間內(nèi)進(jìn)行的動作。例：They were swimming from two to three yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午2點到3點他們在游泳。    She was watching TV the whole morning. 她整個上午在看電視。3、 表示過去將要發(fā)生的動作。例：He said he was le

38、aving on Tuesday. 他說他周二動身。    Tom said he was going tomorrow. 湯姆說他明天去。4、 用過去進(jìn)行時描寫故事背景。例：It was getting dark. The wind was rising. 天漸漸黑了下來，風(fēng)勢增強(qiáng)了。   The procession was going. He was standing among the crowd looking on. 隊伍在前進(jìn)。他站在人群中觀看。5.過去進(jìn)行時練習(xí)題：一、 單項選擇(  &#

39、160;)1.My brother _ while he _ his bicycle and hurt himself.A. fell, was riding  B. fell, were riding  C. had fallen, rode  D. had fallen, was riding(   )2. Tom _ into the house when no one _.      A. slipped, was looking  &#

40、160;       B. had slipped, lookedC. slipped, had looked           D. was slipping, looked(   )3.The last time I _ Jane she _ cotton in the fields.     A. had seen, was picking

41、  B. saw, picked   C. had seen, picked   D. saw, was picking(   )4.I don ' t think Jim saw me; he _ into space.      A. just stared    B. was just staring    C. has just stared 

42、;   D. had just stared(   )5.I first met Lisa three years ago. She _ at a radio shop at the time.      A. has worked    B. was working    C. had been working   D. had worked(  

43、; )6.-Hey, look where you are going!  -Oh, I ' m terribly sorry._.  A. I ' m not noticing   B. I wasn ' t noticing   C. I haven ' t noticed   D. I don ' t notice(   )7. The reporter said that the UFO

44、_ east to west when he saw it.     A. was traveling     B. traveled  C. had been traveling    D. was to travel(   )8. I _ my breakfast when the morning post came. A. had     B. had been

45、 having   C. have been having   D. was having(   )9.When I arrived at his office, he _ on the phone.      A. was speaking    B. spoke     C. had been speaking   D. had spoken(

46、   )10. “ What ' s the matter, Ali? You look sad.    “ Oh, nothing much. As a matter of fact, I _ of my friends back home.       A. just thought  B. have just been thinking   C. was just thinking   D.

47、have just thought二、動詞填空。John_work all day yesterday.He _walk home when the rian_begin. What_you _do at ten o'clock yesterdayI_studay in classWhen Harry _have breakfast Lily _telephone himWhen I _ go to school this morning I _ see a car running into a bus6. This time yesterday Jack _ (mend) his b

48、ike.7. I _ (write) a letter at ten last night.8. It was six. The Greens _ (have) supper.9. When you _ (knock) at the door yesterday,I _ (do) some washing.10. While my mother _ (watch) TV, I _(make) a kite.三、 英漢互譯。1.昨晚我給你打 時，你正在干什么？ 2.上中學(xué)時，我住老師家里。 3.他昨天本來要看那場戲的，可是太忙了。 4.They wanted to

49、know when we were leaving for Shanghai. 5.Soon the whole town was talking about it. 6. 現(xiàn)在完成時構(gòu)成：肯定句：主語+助動詞havehas+動詞過去分詞-ed        否認(rèn)句：主語+助動詞havehas+not(havent,hasnt)+動詞過去分詞-ed      一般疑問句：Have(Has)+ 主語+動詞過去分詞-ed+？

50、60;     特殊疑問句：疑問詞+have(has)+ 主語+動詞過去分詞-ed+？ 用法：1、 表示說話之前已完成的動作，而且這個動作的結(jié)果對現(xiàn)在是情況仍有影響。常被just,already,yet 等副詞修飾。Mr. Wang has just come back from America. 王先生剛從美國回來。2現(xiàn)在完成時還可用來表示過去發(fā)生的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，常帶有for或since 等表示一段時間的狀語。如：Mr Wang has lived here since 1983.3.現(xiàn)在完成時瞬間動詞即終止性動詞不能與表示一

51、段時間的狀語連用。常見終止性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞 (或狀態(tài)動詞) 的對應(yīng)關(guān)系如下:come / go / arrive / get / reach / move- be in/atopen - be open                die - be dead             close - be

52、closed               become -be                  borrow - keep            &

53、#160;    put on - wearbuy - have                    leave - be away (from)   begin / start - be on           &

54、#160;fall asleep - be asleepend/finish - be over            catch a cold - have a coldjoin the army - be in the army,  be a soldierjoin the Party- be in the Party , be a Party member例：吉姆買這支已有兩年了。Jim bought this pen two years ago.J

55、im has had this pen for two years.      Jim has had this pen since two years ago.      Jim has had this pen since 2007      It is two years since Jim bought this pen.4.在表示“最近幾世紀(jì)/ 年/ 月以來時間狀語中，謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時。in the p

56、ast few years/months/weeks/days；over the past few years; during the last three months; for the last few centuries, through centuries; throughout history 等5.表示“第幾次做某事，或在 “It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名詞 that 后面跟現(xiàn)在完成時。例：This is my first time that I have visited China.   &#

57、160;This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.    That is the only book that he has written.6. have / has been to + 地點 意為“曾去過某地，暗含目前已不在該地，僅表示當(dāng)事人的一種經(jīng)歷而已。have / has gone to + 地點 “到了某地去了，暗含“已離開原地去了某地之意，但是否到達(dá)了某地尚不確定。如：He has gone to Shanghai. 他去了上海。    He

58、 has been to Shanghai. 他去過了上海。7.現(xiàn)在完成時專項練習(xí)一、              單項選擇。(   )1、Both  his  parents  look  sad . Maybe  they  _what's  happened 

59、0;to  him .  knew           .  have known    .  must know     .will know(   )2、He  has  _ been  to  Shang

60、hai , has  he ?.  already          .never           .ever            . Still(   )3、Have  y

61、ou  met  Mr  Li _？   .  just         .  ago        .before       .  a moment ago(   )4、The

62、 famous writer _ one new book in the past two year .   . is  writing    .was  writing        .wrote       .has  written(   )5、Our country &#

63、160;_ a lot so far .Yes . I hope it will be even _ . has  changed ; well             .  changed ; good. has  changed ; better            .  

64、changed ; better(   )6、Zhao Lan _already  _in this school for two years . was ; studying   . will ; study      . has ; studied  . are ; studying(   )7、We _ Xiao  Li  since  sh

65、e  was  a  little  girl .    . know      .  had  known     . have  known     .  knew(   )8、Harry Potter i

66、s a very nice film .I_ it twice .    .  will  see     .  have  seen       .  saw       .see(   )9、These  farme

67、rs  have  been  to  the  United  States .   Really ? When _  there ?    . will  they  go              

68、60;      .  did  they  go    .  do  they  go                     .  have &#

69、160;they  gone(   )10、_ you _ your  homework  yet ? Yes . I _  it  a  moment  ago .    .  Did ; do ; finished            

70、0;     .  Have ; done ; finished    .  Have ; done ; have  finished         .  will ; do ; finish(   )11、 His  father  _ the  Party  since  1978 .    .  joined    .  has joined     .  was in     .  has  been  in(   )12、Do y