2-歷年高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空真題

1、2016年期末考試專題復(fù)習(xí)之三-歷年年高考語(yǔ)法填空真題精練精析高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空真題Passage 1(2015新課標(biāo)全國(guó))閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Yangshuo，ChinaIt was raining lightly when I _1_ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didn't care.A few hours _2_，I'd been at home in Hong Kong，with _3_ (it) choking smog.Here，the air was c

2、lean and fresh，even with the rain.I'd skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _4_ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _5_ (painting).Instead，I'd headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin，it'

3、;s only an hour away _6_ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.Yangshuo _7_ (be) really beautiful.A study of travelers _8_ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination

4、for people in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it _9_ (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people _10_ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】桂林山水甲天下，陽(yáng)朔風(fēng)光甲桂林。作者講述了從香港去陽(yáng)朔旅游時(shí)的所見。1.解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用了過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境此處要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。答案arrived2.解析：考查副詞的用法。由語(yǔ)境可知，幾個(gè)小時(shí)之前我還在香港的家中，由此

5、可知before/earlier符合句意。答案before/earlier3.解析：考查形容詞性物主代詞的用法。空格后面有名詞smog，故要使用形容詞性物主代詞。答案its4.解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞的用法。由句子結(jié)構(gòu)不難判斷這是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為指物的mountain tops and dark waters，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，因此答案為that/ which。答案that/ which5.解析：考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。“so many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”為一常用短語(yǔ)。答案paintings6.解析：考查介詞的固定用法。根據(jù)句意可知，這只是驅(qū)車一小時(shí)的路程?！癰y+交通工具名詞”為一固定短語(yǔ)。答案

6、by7.解析：考查主謂一致和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。本段介紹陽(yáng)朔的自然條件，屬客觀事實(shí)，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，由于主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)第三人稱形式，因此答案為is。答案is8.解析：考查過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)的用法。study與conduct之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用表示被動(dòng)的過(guò)去分詞形式。此外，by是解題的關(guān)鍵詞，conducted by.意為“由所做的”。答案conducted9.解析：考查副詞的用法。該詞修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞arrange，故要用其副詞形式。答案regularly10.解析：考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)的用法。由于live與其所修飾的名詞people之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用表示主動(dòng)意義的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。答案livi

7、ngPassage 2(2015新課標(biāo)全國(guó))閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。The adobe dwellings(土坯房)_1_(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even _2_ most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their _3_(able)

8、to “air condition”a house without _4_(use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat _5_(slow)during cool nights，thus warming the house.When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _6_ (cool) the house d

9、uring the hot day：_7_ the same time，they warm up again for the night.This cycle _8_ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As_9_(nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly_1

10、0_thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】相比現(xiàn)代化的建筑，簡(jiǎn)陋的土坯房可謂丑陋不堪。但當(dāng)代的建筑師卻對(duì)其情有獨(dú)鐘。短文主要介紹了土坯房能夠調(diào)節(jié)溫度的原理。1.解析：考查過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。主語(yǔ)dwellings與動(dòng)詞build之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞形式。又由by一詞的暗示也可知用表示被動(dòng)意義的過(guò)去分詞。答案built2.解析：考查定冠詞的用法?？崭裰鬄樾稳菰~的最高級(jí)形式，故填定冠詞。答案the3.解析：考查形容詞與名詞的轉(zhuǎn)換。形容詞性物主代詞their之后應(yīng)

11、當(dāng)用名詞，故將able轉(zhuǎn)化為其名詞形式。答案ability4.解析：考查介詞的用法。介詞without之后的動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)名詞形式。答案using5.解析：考查副詞的用法。由土坯制成的墻壁在炎熱的白天吸收太陽(yáng)的熱量并在涼爽的夜間慢慢將熱量釋放出來(lái)。修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞give out，因此要用副詞形式。答案slowly6.解析：考查固定句式的用法?！靶稳菰~+enough+動(dòng)詞不定式”為一常用句式。答案to cool7.解析：考查固定短語(yǔ)的用法。at the same time意為“同時(shí)”，是一個(gè)常用介詞短語(yǔ)。答案at8.解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。這是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了土坯房冬暖夏涼的原理，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)

12、。答案goes9.解析：考查形容詞的用法。修飾名詞architects，故要用形容詞形式。答案natural10.解析：考查賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞用法。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)形容詞thick及結(jié)構(gòu)可知這里的意思是印第安人要算出土坯墻的確切厚度。所以答案為how。答案howPassage 3(2015福建)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)以下提示：1)漢語(yǔ)提示，2)首字母提示，3)語(yǔ)境提示，在每個(gè)空格內(nèi)填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)挠⒄Z(yǔ)單詞，所填單詞要求意義準(zhǔn)確，拼寫正確。Sometimes we have disagreements with people.When this (1)h_， the import

13、ant thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument.Here (2)_ my tips for you.The (3)f_ thing I would say is that the way you begin the conversation is very important.Imagine you are a student and you share a flat (4)_ another student who you think isn't doing her share

14、of the housework.If you say, “Look, you never do your share of the housework.(5) _ are you going to do about it?”， the discussion will very soon turn into an argument.It's much more (6)_ (有幫助)to say something like, “I think we had (7)b_ have another look about how we divide up the housework.Mayb

15、e there is a better way of dealing with it.”My second piece of (8)a_ is simple.If you're the person who is in the wrong, just admit it! This is the easiest and best way to avoid an argument.Just make an (9)_ (道歉), and move on.The other person will have more respect for you (10)_ the future if yo

16、u do that.答案：1.happens2.are3.first4.with5.What6.helpful/beneficial7.better8.advice9.apology10.inPassage 4(2015湖南)Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.Research has become both simpler and more complex. It's simpler because, _

17、1_ you have a computer, you can find information you need by searching the Internet. For all your information, you don't have to go to _2_ library to find the relevant resource and take notes on it. Instead, you can find some sources from the Internet _3_ print the copies needed.Remember, howeve

18、r, that you should usually consult different types of sources. That is, you _4_ always rely just on the Internet for your research.While finding information is easier than ever, at the same time, researching has become _5_ complex. There is a lot more material available, which means you may be overw

19、helmed _6_ the amount of information. You need to learn _7_ to sort through and find the relevant information for your particular project. Also, _8_need to check the accuracy of it.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】隨著電腦和因特網(wǎng)的出現(xiàn)，研究變得既簡(jiǎn)單又復(fù)雜。一方面，我們不必像以往一樣在書中搜索資料，這為我們提供了極大的方便;另一方面，網(wǎng)絡(luò)中眾多的資料良莠不齊，選擇準(zhǔn)確的信息使我們的工作變得愈加復(fù)雜。1.解析：考查狀語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句意，如

20、果你有了電腦，你可以通過(guò)上網(wǎng)獲得所需的信息。答案if2.解析：考查冠詞。go to the library去圖書館;in the library 在圖書館。答案the3.解析：考查連詞。and 連接并列謂語(yǔ)find和print。答案and4.解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)上文你應(yīng)該(should)查閱不同的資料。答案shouldn't5.解析：考查形容詞比較級(jí)。參見上文第一句more complex。答案more6.解析：考查介詞。be overwhelmed with 面臨，陷入。答案with7.解析：考查疑問(wèn)詞。根據(jù)句意，你需要學(xué)習(xí)如何分類并找到特定任務(wù)的相關(guān)信息。how to do 是

21、含有疑問(wèn)詞的不定式，在此處作賓語(yǔ)。答案how8.解析：考查代詞。參見上文You need to learn how to sort throug.答案youPassage 5(2014新課標(biāo)全國(guó))閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(不多于3個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?In 1969，the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland，Ohio.It _1_ (be) unimaginable tha

22、t it could ever be cleaned up.The river was so polluted that it _2_(actual) caught fire and burned.Now，years later，this river is one of _3_ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.But the river wasn't changed in a few days _4_ even a few months.It took years of work _5_ (reduce) the i

23、ndustrial pollution and clean the water.Finally，that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is _6_(clean) than ever.Maybe you are facing an impossible situation.Maybe you have a habit _7_ is driving your family crazy.Possibly you drink too much or don't know how to control your credit

24、 card use.When you face such an impossible situation，don't you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?While there are _8_ (amaze) stories of instant transformation，for most of us the _9_(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted river.Just

25、 be _10_(patience).答案解析：1.解析：文章講的是1969年的事情，故用過(guò)去時(shí)。答案was2.解析：修飾動(dòng)詞caught，用副詞actually“實(shí)際上”。答案actually3.解析：most outstanding是最高級(jí)，前面需要加the。答案the4.解析：河流不是幾天或者幾個(gè)月里就改變了的，這里兩個(gè)時(shí)間是選擇關(guān)系，故用or。答案or5.解析：這里考查固定句型：It takes some time to do sth“做某事花費(fèi)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”。故應(yīng)填不定式to reduce。答案to reduce6.解析：根據(jù)下文than知用形容詞的比較級(jí)。答案cleaner7.解析：h

26、abit是先行詞，故用that/which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。答案that/which8.解析：是“令人吃驚的”，用形容詞修飾名詞stories，而amazed指“人感到吃驚的”，用來(lái)修飾人。答案amazing9.解析：根據(jù)句子的謂語(yǔ)“are”可知主語(yǔ)應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)。答案changes10.解析：根據(jù)空格前系動(dòng)詞“be”可知這里應(yīng)為形容詞。答案patientPassage 6(2014廣東)閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。Last year，my brother and I went to Miami for a vacatio

27、n.Some of my friends who had been there before said _1_ was a wonderful holiday destination.Before we went，we had planned for months.When the day came，we were ready.After our plane landed，we went to the hotel.We had made our reservation six months _2_(early)，but the man at the front desk said there

28、had been a mistake.We _3_(tell)that our rooms hadn't been reserved for that week，_4_ for the week after.I didn't understand _5_ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged _6_ the reservation.What's worse，the hotel had been fully booked.When we were wondering what to do

29、，the manager came out.She was _7_(surprise)helpful.She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on _8_ top floor.We had never stayed in such an amazing room，and we weren't charged extra.The next day，my brother and I went to the beach _9_ we watched some people play volleyball.We g

30、ot a little _10_(sunburn)，but the day had been so relaxing that we didn't mind.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文，記述了我和我兄弟去Miami(邁阿密)旅游，當(dāng)?shù)竭_(dá)目的地后，來(lái)到六個(gè)月前訂的賓館，卻意外被告知訂的房間是下個(gè)星期的，且該賓館房間已訂滿。正當(dāng)不知如何辦時(shí)，經(jīng)理出來(lái)了，將他們安排在留出來(lái)的VIP房間，且不另外收他們的錢，真是喜出望外的事。1.解析：在said后的賓語(yǔ)從句中缺主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)填代詞;指代前句中的Miami這個(gè)地方，應(yīng)用it。答案it2.解析：在句中作狀語(yǔ)，依然用副詞;不變?cè)~性，因?yàn)槭禽^早的做的事，

31、所以用比較級(jí)。答案earlier3.解析：由句意可知，是“我們被告知”，由上下文的時(shí)態(tài)可知，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。答案were told4.解析：根據(jù)上下句意，意為“不是為那個(gè)星期訂的，而是為后一個(gè)星期所訂的”，為not.but.結(jié)構(gòu)。答案but5.解析：意為“我不知道為什么會(huì)發(fā)生這樣的事”，故用why引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。答案why6.解析：charge.for.是習(xí)慣搭配。答案for7.解析：因本句已有作表語(yǔ)的形容詞helpful，所以應(yīng)當(dāng)用副詞來(lái)修飾形容詞helpful，指“令人驚訝地，意外地”，故填surprisingly。答案surprisingly8.解析：特指“在頂樓”。答案the9.

32、解析：先行詞是地點(diǎn)the beach，且在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)，故填where (=on which =and on the beach =and there)。答案where10.解析：在表示“變化”的got后作表語(yǔ)，要用形容詞;sunburn是名詞，其形容詞形式是burnt或burned。答案sunburnt/sunburnedPassage 7(2014福建)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)以下提示：1)漢語(yǔ)提示，2)首字母提示，3)語(yǔ)境提示，在每個(gè)空格內(nèi)填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)挠⒄Z(yǔ)單詞，所填單詞要求意義準(zhǔn)確，拼寫正確。Many of us were raised with the saying“Waste not

33、，want not.”None of us，(1)h_，can completely avoid waste in our lives.Any kind of waste is thoughtless.Whether we waste our potential talents，our own time，our limited natural (2) _ (資源)，our money，or other people's time，each of us can become more aware and careful.The smallest good habits can make

34、a big (3)d .It's a good feeling to know in our hearts we are doing our (4)b_ in a world that is in serious trouble.By focusing on (5) _ (節(jié)省)oil，water，paper，food，and clothing，we are playing a part (6)_ cutting down on waste.We must keep reminding (7)_ (自己)that it is easier to get into something (

35、8)_ it is to get out of it.Actually，severe damage (9)d_ to our land is fairly recent in the history of our evolution.It's time for us to (10)_ no to waste so that our grandchildren's children will be able to develop well.We can't solve all the problems of waste，but we can encourage mindf

36、ulness.Waste not!答案解析：1.解析：句意：然而，在我們的生活中，沒(méi)有人能完全避免浪費(fèi)。位于句中，前后都有逗號(hào)，用副詞，所以填however。答案however2.解析：作waste的賓語(yǔ)，故用名詞形式，且用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。答案resources3.解析：句意：最小的好習(xí)慣也會(huì)起作用。make a difference是固定用法，意思是有影響，起作用。答案difference4.解析：do one's best是固定用法，意思是盡某人最大的努力。答案best5.解析：介詞on之后用動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。答案saving6.解析：play a part in是固定用法，意思是“在

37、中起作用”。答案in7.解析：句意：我們必須不斷地提醒我們自己，所以填反身代詞ourselves。答案ourselves8.解析：這里進(jìn)行比較，所以用比較句式，故填than。答案than9.解析：“嚴(yán)重危害”和“作用于”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。答案done10.解析：句意：是時(shí)候?qū)Α袄速M(fèi)”說(shuō)不了。It is time for sb to do sth是固定用法，意思是“是時(shí)候做某事了?！贝鸢竤ayPassage 8(2014湖南)Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one

38、word that best fits the context.We can choose our friends，but usually we cannot choose our neighbors.However，to get a happy home life，we have to get along with _1_ as well as possible.An important quality in a neighbor is consideration for _2_.People should not do things _3_ will disturb their neigh

39、bors unnecessarily.For example，television sets need not be played at full volume (音量) _4_ loud pop music should not be played very late at night.By avoiding things likely to upset your neighbors，you can enjoy _5_ friendly relationship with them.An equally important quality is tolerance.Neighbors sho

40、uld do all they can to avoid disturbing other people，_6_ there are times when some level of disturbance is unavoidable._7_ neighbors want to get along well with each other，they have to show their tolerance.In this way，everyone will live _8_ peace.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】我們可以選擇朋友，卻無(wú)法選擇鄰居;因此處理好鄰里關(guān)系至關(guān)重要。該篇文章主要說(shuō)明如何處理好鄰里關(guān)

41、系。1.解析：根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)此處缺少get along with的賓語(yǔ)，根據(jù)上下文句意所填詞匯應(yīng)是前文提到的neighbors，故用代詞them。答案them2.解析：根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)此處缺少介詞for的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)填名詞或代詞，根據(jù)下文意思可以總結(jié)出“好鄰居的重要品質(zhì)是為他人著想”，故填others。答案others3.解析：分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知此句中需要填的是定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞，先行詞是things指物，在從句中做主語(yǔ)，故用that/which。答案that/which4.解析：此處缺少連詞，根據(jù)句意可知上下文是并列加順延的關(guān)系，故用and。答案and5.解析：此處考查冠詞。relationship此處作可數(shù)

42、名詞，且第一次出現(xiàn)，用a。答案a6.解析：此處缺少連詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境：“鄰居們應(yīng)該盡其所能避免打攪別人，但有時(shí)一些攪擾是不可避免的”。此處上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用but。答案but7.解析：此處缺少連詞。根據(jù)句意：“如果鄰居們想要和睦相處他們應(yīng)互相忍讓?！彼钤~匯應(yīng)能引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，故用If或When。答案If/When8.解析：此處考查固定短語(yǔ)的介詞搭配。根據(jù)句意，這樣，大家都能和平共處，故用in，“in peace”和平地。答案inPassage 9(2013廣東)閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。One d

43、ay，Nick invited his friends to supper.He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen.Suddenly，he _1_ (find)that he had run out of salt.So Nick called to his son，“Go to the village and buy some salt，but pay a fair price for it：neither too much _2_ too little.”His son looked surprised.“I can unders

44、tand why I shouldn't pay too much，F(xiàn)ather，but if I can pay less, _3_ not save a bit of money?”“That would be a very _4_(reason)thing to do in a big city，but it could destroy a small village like ours，”Nick said.Nick's guests, _5_ had heard their conversation，asked why they should not buy salt

45、 more cheaply if they could.Nick replied，“The only reason a man would sell salt _6_ a lower price would be because he was desperate for money.And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect _7_ the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”“

46、But such a small thing couldn't _8_(possible) destroy a village.”“In the beginning, there was only _9_ very small amount of unfairness in the world，but everyone added a little，always _10_(think) that it was only small and not very important，and look where we have ended up today.”【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文通過(guò)Nick叫兒

47、子去買鹽要給合理價(jià)格的故事說(shuō)明，一定要公平對(duì)待他人，尊重努力工作的人的汗水和努力。1.解析：動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。在主格人稱代詞he后應(yīng)為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由語(yǔ)境可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。答案found2.解析：并列連詞。nor構(gòu)成并列連詞neither.nor。答案nor3.解析：連接副詞。why not do sth (何不做某事)?是固定句式。答案why4.解析：詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。在名詞前作定語(yǔ)要用形容詞。答案reasonable5.解析：非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中作主語(yǔ)，先行詞是人，故填who。答案who6.解析：介詞。因名詞a low price在句中不作主語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)為介詞的賓語(yǔ);根據(jù)習(xí)慣搭配，用介詞at。答案at7.解析：介詞。show respect for表示尊重。答案for8.解析：副詞。修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)