2019版高三英語一輪復習第1部分基礎知識解讀課時提能練20Unit14Careers(

1、Unit 14 Careers（B）（對應學生用書第 287 頁）I閱讀理解（2017 甘肅省蘭州市高考診斷考試）We can achieve knowledge either actively orpassively.We achieve it actively by direct experienee， by testing and proving anidea， or by reasoning.We achieve kno wledge passively by being told by some one else. Most of the learning that takespla

2、ce in the classroom and the kind that happe ns whe n we watch TV or read n ewspapers or magazines is passive.C on diti oned as we are to passive learning ， its not surpris ing that we depe nd on itin our everyday com muni cati on with friends and co-workers.Unfortunately， passive learning has a seri

3、ous problem.Itmakes us tend to acceptwhat we are told even when it is little more than hearsay（傳聞）and rumor.Did you ever play the gameRumo？ It begins when one person writes down a message but doesnt show it to anyon e.The n the pers on whispers it ， word for word，to ano ther person.That person，in tu

4、rn，whispers it to still another，and so on，through allthe people playi ng the game.The last pers on writes dow n the message word for word as he or shehears it.Then the two written statements are compared.Typically， theorigi nal message has cha nged.Thats what happe ns in daily life.The simple fact t

5、hat people repeat a storyin their own words changes the story. Then，too， most people listenimperfectly.Andmany enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story， trying to improve on it，stamp ing it with their own pers onal style.Yet those who hear it thi nk they know.This process is also found among

6、 scholars and authors : A statement of opinions by one writermay be restated as the fact by ano ther, who may in turn be quoted by yet ano ther ； and this processmay con ti nue ，uni ess it occurs to some one to questi on the facts on which the original writer basedhis opinion or to challenge the in

7、terpretati on he placed upon those facts.【語篇解讀】本文主要講述了被動學習所產生的負面作用，即引發(fā)謠言。1. According to the passage , active learning may occur in_ .2A. reading scientific journalsB. listening to the teacher in classC. doing a chemical experimentD. watching news programmes on TVC考查細節(jié)理解。 根據第一段第二句“We achieve it acti

8、vely by direct experienee , by testing andproving an idea, or by reasoning ”并結合選項可推知，做化學實驗屬于主動學習，故選Co2.What does the underlined word“it ” in Paragraph 2refer to?A. classroomB. newspaperC. active learningD. passive learningD 考查代詞指代。根據第二段的整體內容，尤其是關鍵詞 passively 可推知，本段主 要講的是被動學習；再結合第二段最后一句可推知，it 指的是本段的核

9、心話題 passivelearning ，故選 D。3.The gameRumoris mentioned in Paragraph 4 in order to tell readers that _A. playing games can make people more activeB. people tend to like telling lies when playing gamesC. a message may be changed when being passed onD. people may have problems with their sense of hearin

10、gC考查推理判斷。 根據第五段第二句The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own wordschanges the story ”可推知，第四段講述謠言游戲是為了告訴人 們信息在傳遞的過程中會發(fā)生改變，初始信息與最終信息甚至有時候會差異很大，于是謠言就產生了。干擾項分析A 項錯在玩游戲會讓人們更積極，文章中并沒有提到；B 項錯在人們在玩游戲時喜歡撒謊，第四段講的不是撒謊，而是信息在傳遞中發(fā)生了改變；D 項錯在人們聽覺有問題，人們在聽的過程中有了自己的理解，并不是聽力障礙，故排除。4.What can be inferred fr

11、om the text?A. Scholars and authors cant be trusted.B. Passive learning may not be reliable.C. People like spreading rumor in daily life.3D. Active learning is more important than passive learning.B 考查推理判斷。根據第三段第二句It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it islittle more than hearsay（傳聞

12、）and rumor ” 和最后幾段的整體內容可推知，被動學習可能不是那么可靠，以至于有了傳聞或謠言的產生，故選B。n.閱讀七選五（2017 豫南六校評估）You may have grown up living with sisters and brothersor this may be your first time shari ng your liv ing space with some one else. 1_However, it can also be a great part of your college experienee.Follow these tips to ma

13、ke sure you andyour roommate keep things pleasa nt and supportive throughout the year.Be clear from the begi nning.Maybe you hate it whe n some one in terrupts you whe n you are sleep ing everymornin g.Maybe you n eed ten minu tes to yourself before talk ing to anyone after youwake up. 2 Its not fai

14、r to expect him or her to pick up on them right away,and com muni cati ng what you n eed is one of the best ways to get rid of problems before they becomeproblems.3This may seem simple , but its probably one of the biggest reasons why roommates experieneeconflicts.Dontyou think hell mind if you borr

15、ow his shoes for a quicksoccer game ? For all you know , you just stepped over the line.Dont borrow, use ,or take anything without getting permission first.Be ope n to cha nge.You should expect to lear n and grow and cha nge duri ng your time at school. 4_As the term progresses , realize things will

16、 change for both of you.Be comfortablesettling things that unexpectedly come up, setting new rules , and being flexibleto your cha nging environment.Follow the golde n rule.5 No matter what your relati on ship is at the end of the year, you can takecomfort in knowing you acted like anadult and treat

17、ed your roommate with respect.A. Respect your roommates things.B. Let your roommate know about your preferences.4C. Treat your roommate like youd like to be treated.D. Living with a roommate is really a wonderful thing.E. Having a roommate surely has its challenges.F. You should correct your bad hab

18、its first.G.And the same should happen to yourroommate, if all goes well.【語篇解讀】本文介紹了如何和大學室友保持良好的關系。1. E 設空前提到這可能是你第一次和別人分享自己的生活空間，空后的However 表示轉折，提到這可能也是你大學經歷中很棒的一部分，因此，E 項（有一個室友一定會有挑戰(zhàn)）符合語境。2.B 根據本段標題 Be clear from thebeginning.（從一開始就要說清楚）及設空后的com muni cat ing what you n eed is one of the best ways可

19、知，與室友交流你的需求是處理問題的最好方式，故B 項（讓室友了解你的偏好）符合語境。3. A 根據設空下的 borrow his shoes for a quick soccer game以及 Dont borrow ,use , or take anything without getting permission first.可判斷出，使用室友的東西前要得到允許。故A 項（尊重室友的東西）符合語境。4. G 根據此段的標題 Be open to change.可知，要樂于接受改變；再根據設空后的 thingswill cha nge for both of you可知，同樣的情況也會發(fā)生在

20、你室友身上。故G 項符合語境。5. C 根據設空后的 .you can take comfort inknowing.and treated your roommatewith respect.可知，如果你能像一個成年人一樣，尊重室友，你會感到欣慰。故 C 項（像你想被對待的那樣去對待你的室友）符合語境。川.語法填空(2017 河北衡水中學大聯(lián)考 )How do native speakers trulyfeel when speaking withnon-nativeEnglish speakers ?It seems that1(break)E nglishannoysthem.Howev

21、er, they keep being really ni ce whe n speak ing with non-n ativespeakers .Iwon der how they really feel whe n doing so.I think it would depend 2 thenative English speakers.Some people are just3 (easy)a nnoyed.Pers on ally , I study Spani sh.Whe n I hear some one 4 (attempt)E nglish, I am5patient wi

22、th them because I know 5_ difficult it is to talk in a non-nativeton gue .I also know En glish is very difficult 6 (lear n) _ , and that in creases myrespect for their efforts .Im a patie nt pers on by n ature.The situationmatters too.If I were waiting 7 (table)ona super crowded dayand really 8 (nee

23、d)to do about a dozen different things, I might become upsetat havi ng to wait for some one to struggle while orderi ng his meal.There also exists the 9 (possible)that what is con sidered as annoyance isnot true annoyancemight frown(皺眉)while listening to a non-native speaker,10that would be because

24、I am concen trat ing and liste ning hard to un dersta nd him.Itwouldnt mean Im at all annoyed.【語篇解讀】 當一個母語是英語的人聽到一個人說著蹩腳的英語時是什么感受？厭煩還是 耐心傾聽？本文就此問題進行了討論。1 broken 考查詞性轉換。句意：似乎蹩腳的英語讓他們感到厭煩。修飾名詞用形容詞，故填動詞 break 的形容詞形式 broken ，意為“蹩腳的；不流利的”。 2 on/upon考查介詞。句意：我認為這要取決于英語為母語的人。 depend on/upon 是固定搭配，意為“依賴；取決于”

25、。故填 on/upon 。 3easily 考查詞性轉換。句意：有些人就是容易生氣。設空處修飾動詞，要用副詞，故填 easily 。 4attempting 考查非謂語動詞。 句意： 當我聽到有人努力說英語時， 我很耐心是因為我知道用非母語交流是多么不容易。此處為“ hear 賓語賓補”結構， attempt 與賓語 之間為邏輯上的主動關系，且此處指聽到有人正在努力說英語，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補。 故填 attempting 。 5how 考查賓語從句。 句意見上一題解析。 此處為感嘆句用作賓語從句， 用于加強語氣。 設空處修飾形容詞 difficult ，故填 how。 6to learn 考查

26、非謂語動詞。句意：我也知道英語很難學，那增加了我對他們的努力的尊重。在“ it is adj. to do. ”句型中， it 是形式主語，動詞不定式 （ 短語） 作真 正的主語，故填 to learn 。 7tables 考查名詞單復數(shù)。句意：如果我正在人超級多的一天招待顧客，且真的需要做很多件不同的事情，我可能會因不得不等待在點餐時糾結不已的人而感到心煩意亂。wait tables 是固定短語，意為“招待顧客”。故填 tables 。 8needed 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意見上一題解析。根據并列連詞 and 可知，前后時態(tài)應該 一致，故填過去式 needed。 9 possibility 考

27、查詞性轉換。句意：也存在這樣的可能性，有些煩惱不是真的煩惱。6定冠詞 the 后接名詞形式， 且根據謂語動詞 exists 可知， 應填形容詞 possible 的名詞 形式 possibility。 10but/yet 考查連詞。句意：聽非母語的講話者說話時，我可能緊皺著眉頭，但那是因為我在聚精會神地努力去聽懂他。根據句意可知，前后文是轉折關系。故填 but/yet 。 【導學號：33220184 】IV.短文改錯（2017 湖南長郡中學模擬 兒 ast summer, I got a part -time job as a waiter worked hard andvery helpfu

28、l.Everyone in a restaurant including some regular customer likedme.One day, a foreign couple in their fiftiesentered into the restaurant.lwas happyto have a chanee to practice their spoken English.Iwent up to greet them warm.AfterI took their order , I told them their food will be served quickly bec

29、ause we Chinese respect theelderly.After heard mywords , a look of displeasure appeared on the wifes face.Seeingmyconfusing look , her husband explainedto me the Westerners dislikedthe description“old ”. I apologized to them but realized the importanee of knowingcultural differe nces.【答案】ALast summe

30、r , I got a part-time job as a waiter.I worked hard andwas veryacustomerhelpful.Every one in -restaura nt in cludi ng some regular-liked me. Onethecustomersday, a foreign couple in their fifties enteredinto the restaura nt.l was happy tohave a chanee to practicetheirwarmmy spoken English.1went up to greet them.AfterwarmlyI took their order , Itoldwillthem their food - wouldbe served quickly because we Chineserespect the elderly.Afterheardhearing my words , a lookOTdisp