介詞教學(xué)PowerPoint 演示文稿

1、1Prep.介介 詞詞(prep)Find prep2一一. .表示時(shí)間介詞表示時(shí)間介詞三三. .表示方位介詞表示方位介詞二二. .表示地點(diǎn)介詞表示地點(diǎn)介詞四四. .表示方法、手段表示方法、手段五五. .常見(jiàn)介詞的搭配常見(jiàn)介詞的搭配3放在放在_詞后作表語(yǔ)詞后作表語(yǔ)放在放在“_語(yǔ)語(yǔ)+ +_語(yǔ)語(yǔ)+ +_語(yǔ)語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)后，作結(jié)構(gòu)后，作狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)或者或者賓賓補(bǔ)補(bǔ)放在放在_詞后作詞后作_定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)2.2.介詞短語(yǔ)在句中的位置：介詞短語(yǔ)在句中的位置：圈出下列句子中的圈出下列句子中的介詞介詞，再劃出介詞短語(yǔ)，再劃出介詞短語(yǔ) My dictionary is in the bag. The pen on the ta

2、ble is blue. We can find information by using computers. I found him at the bus station.1.1.介詞的位置：介詞的位置：可放在可放在_詞、詞、_詞之前，構(gòu)成詞之前，構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)。介詞短語(yǔ)。名名動(dòng)名動(dòng)名即動(dòng)詞即動(dòng)詞ing系動(dòng)系動(dòng)系表結(jié)構(gòu)（介詞不能單獨(dú)作系表結(jié)構(gòu)（介詞不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)名名后置后置主主謂謂賓賓4介詞的主要分類(lèi)：介詞的主要分類(lèi)：1. at the cinema, in the hospital _2. Write with a pen, go by bus _ 3. in summer, on S

3、eptember 1st _4. laugh for joy, be angry at his words_5. by the way, at last, in the end _地點(diǎn)介詞地點(diǎn)介詞方式介詞方式介詞時(shí)間介詞時(shí)間介詞固定搭配固定搭配原因介詞原因介詞5一、表示時(shí)間的一、表示時(shí)間的介詞介詞6inonatsince fromin，after，withinin the endat the end ofby the end of時(shí)間介詞時(shí)間介詞7in年、月、季節(jié)及時(shí)間段（早、午、晚）年、月、季節(jié)及時(shí)間段（早、午、晚）在早上：在早上：_ 在七月在七月 ：_ 在秋天：在秋天：_ 在在1990年：

4、年：_on星期幾星期幾,具體日期具體日期,具體某一天的某個(gè)時(shí)段具體某一天的某個(gè)時(shí)段, 節(jié)日（節(jié)日（day） 星期天：星期天： _ 10月月1日：日： _星期六早上星期六早上_ 5月月1日晚上：日晚上： _一個(gè)寒冷的冬天一個(gè)寒冷的冬天_at鐘點(diǎn)鐘點(diǎn), 飯時(shí)飯時(shí), 正午正午/午夜午夜 , 年齡年齡, 節(jié)日節(jié)日 在在6點(diǎn)鐘點(diǎn)鐘_ 在午餐時(shí)間在午餐時(shí)間_在正午在正午_ 在圣誕節(jié)在圣誕節(jié)_在在15歲的時(shí)候歲的時(shí)候 _in the morningin Junein Autumnin 1990on Sundayon 1st Octoberon Saturday morningon the evening o

5、f May 1ston a cold winter day1.1.時(shí)間介詞時(shí)間介詞(in, on at-(in, on at-在在) )at six oclockat lunchtimeat the age of 15at Christmas at noon注意：注意： on Christmas Day8另外另外注意注意：在表示時(shí)間的詞（：在表示時(shí)間的詞（morning , afternoon , evening ; Sunday）前有）前有l(wèi)ast, next , this , that時(shí)時(shí)，不再用介詞，不再用介詞. tomorrow, tonight前也不用介詞。前也不用介詞。91._ t

6、he morning 2._ spring 3._ Monday morning 4._ 2002 5. _ a rainy evening 6._ night 7._ the morning of April 10 8. _3:50 9._ this time 10. _ March即學(xué)即練即學(xué)即練inininatatatoninonon10_+ _+ laterin + _2.2.時(shí)間介詞時(shí)間介詞( in, after, later( in, after, later在在之后之后) )（用于（用于一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)） 一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間（用于（用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)） 時(shí)

7、間時(shí)間/句子句子after +（可用于（可用于一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí),強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)了強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)了這個(gè)時(shí)間之后這個(gè)時(shí)間之后）具體時(shí)間點(diǎn)具體時(shí)間點(diǎn)1.He will come back in half an hour. 2. He went home after the meeting.3. The will start working after 10 oclock.4.Our teacher will be back three months later.inhalf an hourafter the meetingafter 10 oclockthree months later11“從從時(shí)候開(kāi)始時(shí)候開(kāi)

8、始”時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間點(diǎn)+by now -用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)“到到時(shí)候?yàn)橹箷r(shí)候?yàn)橹埂保ū恚ū硎疽粋€(gè)動(dòng)作持續(xù)到某示一個(gè)動(dòng)作持續(xù)到某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)為止）個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)為止）時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間點(diǎn)“自從自從”（表示動(dòng)作或狀（表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在）態(tài)從過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在）時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間段時(shí)間段句子時(shí)態(tài)句子時(shí)態(tài)意義意義后面接后面接介詞介詞3.3.時(shí)間介詞時(shí)間介詞(since, for, from, by+(since, for, from, by+時(shí)間時(shí)間) )sinceforfromby表示某個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)表示某個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)了持續(xù)了時(shí)間時(shí)間完成時(shí)完成時(shí)根據(jù)具體時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)選擇時(shí)態(tài)They have worked for twent

9、y-four hours.have workedtwenty-four hoursI have never met him again since then. have never metthen+過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)-用過(guò)去完成時(shí)+將來(lái)的時(shí)間點(diǎn)-用將來(lái)完成時(shí)The work will have been finished by the end of this month.will have been finishedthe end of this monthWe have finished the task by now.have finishedby nowBy the time I arrive

10、d, she had already gone.the time I arrivedhad already gone They often work from 7 am. to midnight. I will study hard from now on.From then on I decided to become a teacher. workdecidedwill studyfrom now onfrom 7 am. to midnightthen12即學(xué)即練即學(xué)即練:填入適當(dāng)介詞填入適當(dāng)介詞 We have learnt 3000 words _ the end of this t

11、erm. He started work _ eight oclock. He has worked _ eight oclock. I have work _nearly 10 hours.sincefromforby13(fromto, between and. , not until, during)4.4.時(shí)間介詞時(shí)間介詞( (在在之間，從之間，從到到) )fromtobetween and.not untilduring before從從到到 在在和和之間之間直到直到才才跟跟一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間，在在期間期間在在之前之前141. He didnt see his uncle _ 7:45

12、 last night. 2. He was doing his lessons _ 7 and 9 last night.3. There is a cartoon programme _ 6:30 to 7:00 in the evening.4. _ the past years, he has worked hard at English. 5. He wont come back _ five . A. atB. afterC. until6. The work must be finished _ Friday. A. atB. byC. after7. Youd better c

13、heck you bag again _ you leave . A. inB. beforeC. by untilbetweenfromDuringtodidntand即學(xué)即練即學(xué)即練15二、表示地點(diǎn)的二、表示地點(diǎn)的介詞介詞161. in + 大地方大地方 at + 小地小地 方方 on +門(mén)牌，某層樓門(mén)牌，某層樓1.My uncle live _ F12 _the fifth floor. A.at, on B. in,on C.on, at2.They arrived _Beijing at 12:00 and waited for a bus _ the station to the

14、hotel. A.at, in B. in, on C. in, at172.in里面，排、行、組里面，排、行、組on左、右邊左、右邊at前、后部前、后部1.We are _Team One.I sit _the front of the classroom.Li Ping is _my left. A.on, in , at B.in ,in ,at C.in, at, on2.I have a good seat. I sit _the bus. A.in the front of B.in front of 182.Xiaowanzi is sitting _ Luffy and Con

15、an.She seems very happy _ her classmates.amongbetween between.and.表示兩者之間表示兩者之間用于三者或三者用于三者或三者以上的中間以上的中間among19The horse goes _ the forest.throughthrough(從物體從物體中間中間)穿透穿透, 穿越穿越20Later，the horse goes _ the grassland.(從物體從物體表面表面)跨越跨越, 越過(guò)越過(guò)acrossacross213地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)介詞辨析（介詞辨析（in, on, to）Guangdong North KoreaJapan

16、the east of China.inontoisinonto境內(nèi)；范圍內(nèi)境內(nèi)；范圍內(nèi)境外接壤境外接壤境外分離境外分離be + in/on/to+ the+方位詞方位詞+of.east, west, south, north22 Practice : 地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)介詞辨析（介詞辨析（in, on, to）inonto境內(nèi)；范圍內(nèi)境內(nèi)；范圍內(nèi)境外接壤境外接壤境外分離境外分離1) Shanghai lies _ the east of China and _ the northeast of Guangdong.2) Hubei is _ the north of Hunan.3) Fujian i

17、s _ the east of China. 4) China lies _ the east of Asia and _ the north of Australia.inonintoinbe + in/on/to+ the+方位詞方位詞+of.to23The boy is _ (在樹(shù)上在樹(shù)上)in the treeonon the treethe treeThere is a red apple_ (在樹(shù)上在樹(shù)上)樹(shù)上長(zhǎng)出來(lái)樹(shù)上長(zhǎng)出來(lái)的東西的東西 ,用用 on不屬于樹(shù)本身的東西不屬于樹(shù)本身的東西,用用 in in 和和on24in the wall(鑲嵌在墻內(nèi)部的事物鑲嵌在墻內(nèi)部的事物)

18、1) There is a map _ the wall. 2) There are two windows _ the wall.on the wall(墻表面的事物墻表面的事物)onin25The newspaper is _ the table.There is an interesting article _ the newspaper.onin表示占去某物一部分表示占去某物一部分 只表示在某物的表面上只表示在某物的表面上261.在廣州在廣州 _ Guangzhou 2.在電影院在電影院 _ the cinema3.樹(shù)上的蘋(píng)果樹(shù)上的蘋(píng)果 apples _ the tree4.樹(shù)上的小鳥(niǎo)

19、樹(shù)上的小鳥(niǎo) birds _ the tree5.在農(nóng)場(chǎng)上在農(nóng)場(chǎng)上 _ the farminatoninon27n三、方位介詞28on的用法on: 在上例如: The doll is_ the box。on點(diǎn)擊鼠標(biāo)填空繼續(xù)29in的用法nIn：在里面例如：The cat is _ the box。 in 點(diǎn)擊鼠標(biāo)填空繼續(xù)30under的用法under: 在下面The cat is _the box.under點(diǎn)擊鼠標(biāo)填空繼續(xù)31between 的用法between: 在中間例如: The book is _ the two boxes.between點(diǎn)擊鼠標(biāo)填空返回32 next to 的用法T

20、he doll is next to the box.334. in front of 和和 in the front of The man is _the car.in front ofThe girl is _ the car.in the front of在在(外部的外部的)前面前面在在(內(nèi)部的內(nèi)部的)前面前面34常見(jiàn)方位介詞重難點(diǎn)常見(jiàn)方位介詞重難點(diǎn)1. aboveoveronbelowunderbeneathaboveoverbeneathbelowunderonBe careful, there is a heavy box_ your head.The sun is _ the m

21、ountain in the east.There are some stamps_the desk.The position he pointed to was _ the sea level.The little mouse is _ the table, so it is not easy to find it.overabove onabovebelowunder352. across over through pastacrossoverthroughpast橫穿， 發(fā)生在物體的表面跨過(guò) 越過(guò)，發(fā)生在物體的上方縱穿，發(fā)生在某物的內(nèi)部空間經(jīng)過(guò)，發(fā)生在某物的旁邊The Great wal

22、l winds its way from west to east, _deserts, _ mountains, _ valleys, till at last it reaches the sea. The crowd of people walked _ the City Hall to the Centre Square.Swim _ the river, go _ the street , fly _ the mountain, _ the door,window, a bridge _ the riveracrossoverthroughpastacross_ across ove

23、r throughover36四四.方式介詞方式介詞 之之 in的用法的用法1.We talk in English. _(使使)用某種語(yǔ)言用某種語(yǔ)言用漢語(yǔ)用漢語(yǔ): in Chinese2. You can solve this problem in this way. _in this way用用這種這種方式方式in different ways用用不同的不同的方式方式 用用的方式的方式3. My sister is in red. The woman in a yellow dress is my mother. _inin + +服裝服裝, ,顏色顏色 表示表示穿什么顏色的衣服穿什么顏色

24、的衣服用日語(yǔ)用日語(yǔ): in Japanese373. With the money, they built some schools in the poor area. _三三.方式介詞方式介詞 之之 with 的用法的用法 “使用使用”的意思的意思1.We see with our eyes and hear with ourears. _ 使用使用人體器官人體器官做某事做某事2.Chinese usually eat with chopsticks . _使用使用某一某一工具工具使用使用(利用利用)某材料某材料(金錢(qián)等金錢(qián)等)38三三.方式介詞方式介詞之之 by 的用法的用法We go t

25、o school by bike/bus/car/ ship/plane _by常接常接 ,表示通過(guò)表示通過(guò)某種方式某種方式做某事做某事.I talk with my friends by sending e-mail. _通過(guò)某種通過(guò)某種手段手段或或方式方式注意注意: 步行是步行是 _. 在表達(dá)在表達(dá)”乘乘”時(shí)時(shí),還可用介詞還可用介詞on/in.on footby bus= on a/the busby bike =on a/ the/ ones bikeby plane= on a /the planeby car=in a /the /ones car交通工具交通工具39401.1.表示

26、原因的介詞表示原因的介詞（ 單個(gè)介詞：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)介詞：for, withfor, with， at) at) _: 較正式，側(cè)重情感或行為產(chǎn)生的依據(jù)，較正式，側(cè)重情感或行為產(chǎn)生的依據(jù)， 或因此帶來(lái)的結(jié)果。或因此帶來(lái)的結(jié)果。I couldnt speak for laughing. 我笑得說(shuō)不出話來(lái)。我笑得說(shuō)不出話來(lái)。_: 多用來(lái)表示感情上的原因，常和表示一定感情的詞連用。多用來(lái)表示感情上的原因，常和表示一定感情的詞連用。_：多用來(lái)表明身體或精神產(chǎn)生的變化。：多用來(lái)表明身體或精神產(chǎn)生的變化。Im much pleased at your arrival. 你來(lái)了我非常高興你來(lái)了我非常高興Her fin

27、gers were red with cold. 她的手指凍得發(fā)紅了。她的手指凍得發(fā)紅了。foratwith觀察與總結(jié)觀察與總結(jié)redwith coldcouldnt speak for laughingpleased at41PracticePractice（ 單個(gè)介詞：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)介詞：for, withfor, with， at) at) 1. They sang and danced _ joy2. They will reward you _ your help.3. He is angry _ being delayed.4. The old man was bent _ age.5. H

28、is face turned red _ anger.6. The soldier was severely punished _having disobeyed the order.7. The little girls hands turned red_ cold.forforatwithwithforwith422.2.表示原因的介詞表示原因的介詞（ 短語(yǔ)：短語(yǔ)： because of, due to ,thanks to) because of, due to ,thanks to) because ofdue to thanks to觀察總結(jié)觀察總結(jié)位于句位于句_或句或句_位于句位于

29、句_或句或句_常位于句常位于句_ +_、代詞或動(dòng)名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞Because of / Due to the heavy rain. I came late. 由于交通阻塞我來(lái)晚了。They arrived late because of /due to the storm.他們由于風(fēng)暴而來(lái)遲。Thanks to your help, we finished the work head of time.多虧你的幫助，我們提前完成了任務(wù)。名詞名詞Because of Due toThanks tobecause of due to首首中中首首中中首首432. A number of smok

30、ers died _ lung cancer. 許多吸煙者死于肺癌。1. The old man died_ hunger on a cold night. 那位老人餓死在一個(gè)寒冷的晚上。3. I am surprised to hear that he died _ a car accident. of of 3.3.表示原因的介詞表示原因的介詞 （ofof、fromfrom）（ 短語(yǔ)：短語(yǔ)：die of; die from) die of; die from) die ofdie from因?yàn)閮?nèi)在原因而死亡（身體內(nèi)部發(fā)生變化）因?yàn)閮?nèi)在原因而死亡（身體內(nèi)部發(fā)生變化）因?yàn)橥庠谠蚨劳觯ㄜ?chē)禍，意外等）因?yàn)橥庠谠蚨劳觯ㄜ?chē)禍，意外等）from 44by 表示表示“增加了增加了”beyond表示表示“范圍范圍, 限度超出限度超出”。10080 305045即學(xué)即練即學(xué)即練增加：增加： add up go up increase rise下降：下降： fall、decrea