some和any的用法

1、some和any的主要區(qū)別為：some和any都表示 “一些”，但是"some用于肯定句,any用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句。例如：There are some apples in the basket.籃子里有一些蘋果。變成否定句：There are not any apples in the basket.籃子里沒(méi)有蘋果。變成疑問(wèn)旬：Are there any apples in the basket?籃子里有蘋果嗎？特殊1: some希望得到肯定的答復(fù)。Will you lend me some money? (=Please lend me some money.)any：表任何或任何

2、一個(gè)Come any day you like.特殊2： some和any后沒(méi)有名詞時(shí)，當(dāng)做代名詞，此外兩者也可做 副詞。Some of them are my students.代名詞Is your mother any better? （副詞）1. some用于疑問(wèn)句或否定中：1）在否定疑問(wèn)句中，表示問(wèn)話人的肯定傾向和對(duì)否定的驚訝和懷疑。如:Don't you have some new books? You have some new books,don't you? 你難道連幾本新書都沒(méi)有嗎。（在問(wèn)話人心目中you” 是有新書的，如今聽(tīng)說(shuō)沒(méi)有，因而表示驚訝和懷疑）2）一

3、股疑問(wèn)句中，表示問(wèn)話人盼望得到肯定的答復(fù)。-Can I have some apples? -Certainly!3）表示建議。如:What about some fruit juice 。喝點(diǎn)兒果汁怎么 樣。2. any用于肯定句中：1）表示三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或事物中的一個(gè)。如：You may take any one of these books.你可以隨便拿一本書。He studies harder than any of his classmates. （=He studies harder than any other students in his class.）他比班上任何個(gè)學(xué)生

4、都努力。2）作”任何，無(wú)論誰(shuí)”解如：Any of them will do.他們中間的誰(shuí)者 B 行。 Any of them can tell you.他們無(wú)論誰(shuí)都能告訴你。我們知道，some通常用于肯定句，any則用于否定句或疑問(wèn)旬。但 隨著學(xué)習(xí)的深入，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，情況并不完全如此，上述說(shuō)法只能算 是對(duì)some和any用法的一個(gè)不太準(zhǔn)確和完整的概括。由于 some和 any是英語(yǔ)中比較常用的詞，我們有必要對(duì)其用法作出較完善的歸 納。一、some和any作為形容詞或代詞，可以用來(lái)說(shuō)明或代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞 或不可數(shù)名詞，表示不定量，意為“一些”，其區(qū)別是：對(duì)其所說(shuō)明 或代替的名詞持肯定態(tài)度時(shí)，用somg

5、持非肯定（否定或疑問(wèn)）態(tài) 度時(shí)，用any。在以下句子中使用some1 .肯定何（包括肯定的陳述旬和祈使句以及反意疑問(wèn)句中肯定的陳述部分）。如：There are some new books on the teacher's desk.We have a lot of sugar. Take some with you, please.He bought some bread, didn't he?2 .持肯定態(tài)度的一般疑問(wèn)旬。如：Are there some stamps in that drawer?Didn't she give you some money?3

6、.表示請(qǐng)求或建議的一般疑問(wèn)旬，通常都希望得到對(duì)方肯定的答復(fù)，所以也用some如：May I ask you some questions?Would you like some tea?4 .特殊疑問(wèn)句及選擇疑問(wèn)旬。因?yàn)樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句和選擇疑問(wèn)旬并 不對(duì)some所說(shuō)明或代替的名詞表示疑問(wèn)。如：Where can I get some buttons?Do you have some pens or pencils?在以下句子中使用ANY1 .否定句（包括否定的陳述旬和祈使句以及反意疑問(wèn)句中否定 的陳述部分）。如：I can't give you any help now.Do not ma

7、ke any noise.There weren't any trees here, were there?2 .含有除not以外的其他否定詞或否定結(jié)構(gòu)的句子。如:Jim hardly makes any mistakes in his homework.He went to London without any money in his pocket.She was too poor to buy any new clothes.3 .一股疑問(wèn)旬（持肯定態(tài)度的除外）。如：Did she buy any tomatoes yesterday?I want some paper. Do

8、you have any?4 .條件狀語(yǔ)從句。如：If you are looking for any ink, you can find it on mydesk.If there are any good apples there, get me two kilos,please.因?yàn)闂l件句“如果”表達(dá)的也是不肯定的態(tài)度。所以，如果說(shuō)話者持肯定的態(tài)度或期待得到肯定的答復(fù)時(shí)，則可以用some如：Bring me two pieces of paper if you have some.5 .whether/if（是否）引導(dǎo)的名詞從何。如：It is still unknown whether

9、 they have found any proof.He asked if he could drink any cool water.二、some還可表示“某些”或用在單數(shù)名詞前表示“某一個(gè)” .any則可用于表示“任何一些”或“（至少3個(gè)中）任何一個(gè)"，二 者均可用于肯定或非肯定的句子中。如：I don't like some of them.He is working at some place in the north.Any criminal(s) w川 be punished.You can take any of these.三、some和any也可作為副詞，

10、用于比較級(jí)前，表示程度，意 為“稍許，幾分”，用法與其作形容詞或代詞表示“一些”時(shí)基本相 同。如：He feels some better now.She was so tired that she could not go any further.some還可以用在數(shù)字之前，意為“大約”。如：He is some forty years old.四、由some-和any-構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞和不定副詞，其用法 區(qū)別多與some和any相同。如:Something is wrong with her eyes.There is not anybody in this room.Have you

11、seen it anywhere?Haven't you forgotten something?(持肯定態(tài)度)v練習(xí) 請(qǐng)用 some或 any填空:1) Could you get me coffee, please?2) I heard that he would stay there for days.3) Don't take magazines out of the reading-room.4)-Did he buy cakes or cookies?-Cookies, I think.5) If you have questions, ask me, please

12、.6)schoolboy would know that, yet you don't.7) I wonder if students are still in the classroom.8) Haven't you got stamps? May I use one?9) Is he going to visit places of interest there?10)of the books are not mine. They're John's, I think.11) There is meat on the plate, isn't the

13、re?12) She has never eaten Chinese food before.13)person at the door is asking to see you.14) There are 100 workers in the factory.15) when will you buy him new clothes?16） Did he jump higher this time?some用于肯定句；any用于否定句和一般疑問(wèn)句。請(qǐng)注意看例句后 擴(kuò)號(hào)中說(shuō)明的用法。例：There is some water in the glass.（肯定句）There are some f

14、lowers in the garden.（肯定句）There aren't any lamps in the study.（否定句）（一般疑問(wèn)句）Are there any maps on the wall?Would you like some orange juice?(希望得到肯定回答)Do you want to take any photos at the party?(一般疑問(wèn)旬)練一練：選用 some或 any 填空。1) There isn't milk in the fridge.2) I can see cars, but I can't see buses.3) He has friends in England.4) Were there?fruit trees on the farm?5) Here are?presents for you.6) Does Tom want to t