閱讀主旨題解題思路分析

1、閱讀主旨題解題思路閱讀主旨題解題思路分析分析 要掌握閱讀主旨題答題技巧，首先要了解此類題出題形式及概況 01 1.概括中心思想型（篇章主題/段落主題）03 3. 詢問文章的寫作目的和作者觀點02 2. 確 定 文 章標(biāo)題或主題型（題目主旨題）一.主旨題命題形式主要分三大類 第一類：中心思想型1. 常見的提問方式有： 1)This passage chiefly deals with_. 2)What can we learn from the passage? 3)Whats the passage mainly about? 4）From the passage we can learn t

2、hat_.2.解題思路 （主要了解主題呈現(xiàn)的方式 ）+例題 呈現(xiàn)方式：開門見山式：主題句出現(xiàn)在文首Eg: Living next to next is the principle of a neighbor. Good neighborliness is the ideal to be aimed at. As the saying goes, no man is an island; he has to live with his neighbors. To make life easy and pleasant, he must cooperate with his neighbors I

3、n the passage, the writer tries to _ （一模海淀D 55題） A. show the importance of getting on with neighbors B. teach the basic rules of behaving well at home C. explain the reasons of learning teamwork D .introduce ways of being a better person此題文章首段直接拋出主題，和鄰居相處融洽很重要，并且接下來的文章都是圍繞主題來寫的，因此可以很容易選出B,此類題也相對較簡單。

4、 藏頭露尾式：主題句出現(xiàn)在文尾Eg:首段 After my mother passed away and my brother went to study in New Zealand, the first thing that really felt different was the dinner table. My father and I began eating separately. We went out to dinners with our friends or just ate sandwiches in front of our computers. Then, a fe

5、w weeks before I was set to leave for university, my father walked downstairs. “You know, I think we should start 尾段 So try eating together, and youll find its totally worth it。55. （一模朝陽D55題）The writer probably agrees that A. eating together doesnt have good effects on adults B. its important for th

6、e young to eat together with parents C. its totally worth spending much money in eating togetherD. people who eat together often are likely to have problems 此題在文章首段沒有明確出現(xiàn)答案，用敘事的方式開頭，而在文章尾段明確突出主題，與選項B所表達的意思相同，因此很容易選出B. 首尾呼應(yīng)式：在有些文章中，為了突出主題，作者在文章開頭提出主題，接著進行闡述或論證，在結(jié)尾時再次點出主題。值得注意的是，前后兩個主題句不是簡單的重復(fù)，再次出現(xiàn)的主題

7、句往往是前面主題句的進一步引申或發(fā)展. Eg: 首段 Have you ever walked down a city street and suddenly Seen a bright garden full of vegetables and flowers? It may be a community garden. The community gardens are planted by the people in the community. They are not just pretty places. They improve the neighbourhoods. 尾段Tod

8、ay there are about 10,000 community gardens in cities in the US. They have become popular because of their benefits. People enjoy having vegetables and flowers in their neighbourhoods.52（一模通州C52題） What is the passage mainly about? A The relationship of neighbours. B The future of community gardens.

9、C The introduction of community gardens. D The experiments in community gardens. 此題開頭有直接寫出主題，結(jié)尾段又一次照應(yīng)主題，并提到成立community gardens的好處，首尾呼應(yīng). 有些文章的中心思想貫穿全文，并沒有用一句話明確表達出來，這就要求學(xué)生學(xué)會歸納概括Eg:一模朝陽C 52題 52. This passage is mainly about_. A. how seat belts are made B. how seat belts are used C. how seat belts save

10、 lives D. how seat belts develop better此題全篇文章沒有一句話明確表達出安全帶救人，但這個思想貫穿全文，同學(xué)只需歸納一下即可得出答案。 解題技巧 1. 先看問題，看是否有和主旨相關(guān)的題目，了解題目類別和提問方式。 2. 再看文章首尾和各段開頭，找出主題句或通過瀏覽全文，抓住關(guān)鍵字 眼，把握主旨。 3. 以掌握主旨為前提，處理推斷作者語氣或意圖等其他深層次問題。 4. 這類題目需要對文章有整體性的把握，建議最后做 5. 文章或者某段落的主旨大意主題句定位法：通過分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，找出每一小 段的主題句，然后通過尋找共同點，找出整個文章的主題句。第二類：題目主旨型

11、1. 常見的提問方式有： 1)The best title/ headline for this passage might be_. 2)The text (passage) could be entitled _. 3)What is the best title for the passage? 4)Which of the following would be suitable as a title for the passage? 2.解題技巧： 選擇最好的標(biāo)題，選帽原則：像帽子一樣，大小合適才行。另外，標(biāo)題要簡潔、突出、新穎。標(biāo)題是文章的點睛之筆，所以它還要具有醒目的特點，能吸引讀

12、者。 Eg：一模西城C51題 51. What is probably the best title for this passage? A. Start Coding as Early as Possible B. Corue for Fun in CoderDojo Class C. Kids Should Have Chances to Learn to Code D. STEM Is Calling for More Girls arfd Women一模豐臺D55題 55. What is probably the best title for this passage? A. Why

13、 do we need dogs? B. Where can we read books? C. Who can help us read books? D. How do we change the habits? 這兩道題是典型的選擇最好的標(biāo)題，但是得通過同學(xué)通讀全文加以總結(jié)而得出的，并且答案中干擾項較多，有一定難度。 第三類：詢問目的和觀點型 1. 常見的提問方式有：1）The authors main purpose in writing the passage is_. 2）The purpose of this article is _.3)The passage is meant

14、 to _ .4)The writer probably agrees that _. 解題技巧：1 .以原文為依據(jù)，不參雜個人意見，要客觀不要主觀。要克服“我認為怎么樣”的觀點。2.答案是比出來的。答案不選對的，只選最好的。因為，有時候四個答案都是對的。答案不選對的，只選最好的。比答案的原則是：好的不知道的；不知道的不對的。3.詢問目的題型時要通讀全文理解作者所表達的目的。Eg:一模豐臺D54題54. The writer wants to tell us that _. A. the students can benefit from reading with dogs B. the do

15、gs can be trained to understand the story C. the students can be taught to train dogs well D. the trainers help students to read correctly 一模西城D54題. 54.The writer wants to tell us that _. A. the students can benefit from reading with dogs B. the dogs can be trained to understand the story C. the students can be taught to train dogs well D. the trainers help students to read correctly這兩道題分別是詢問觀點和目的，只不過沒用到purpose這樣明顯的字樣，不過同學(xué)們還是要把握住出題的類型，做到心中有數(shù)。二.答題中所涉及到的方法 在閱讀題的選項中,出題者會設(shè)置各種障礙,但也有跡可循,有以下幾種干擾方式: 1)文章未出現(xiàn)的，無中生有 2）答案不準(zhǔn)確，以偏概全 3）增加錯誤選項 4)增加干擾項，混淆視