九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句講解與練習(xí)

1、Gate School定語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)Name:一、 定義：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或 代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句；被定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞叫做先行詞。如： 1) The manwho lives next to us is a policeman.2) You must do everythingthat I do .引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞：關(guān)系代詞that, which, who(賓格who,所有格whose)關(guān)系副詞where, when 、why關(guān)系詞的作用：1、引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句2、代替先行詞3、在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分單詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)通常放在它所修飾的詞之前，作前置定語(yǔ)。短語(yǔ)和從句作定語(yǔ)時(shí)則放在所修飾的詞之后

2、，作后置定語(yǔ)。二、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1.who 指人，在從句中做主語(yǔ)(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom 指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，常可省略。(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about .注意：關(guān)系代詞whom 在口語(yǔ)和非正式語(yǔ)體中常用who 代替，可省略。(2) The man who/whom you met just now is my f

3、riend.3. which 指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主語(yǔ) )(2)This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday . ( which在句子中做賓語(yǔ) )4. that 指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于 who 或者 whom ；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于which 。在賓語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。(1)The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在

4、句子中做主語(yǔ) )(2)Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning ? (在句子中做賓語(yǔ) )5. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做定語(yǔ)(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose 指物時(shí)，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)代替 The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.=The classroom the door of which

5、 is broken will soon be repaired. Do you like the book whose color is yellow?=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?注： that 用法(1) 不用 that 的情況(a) 在引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。( 錯(cuò) )The tree, that is four hundred years old, Is very famous here.(b) 介詞后不能用。We depend on the land from which we get our food.We

6、depend on the land that/which we get our food from.(2) 只能用 that 作為定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞的情況(a)在 there be 句型中，只用that ，不用 which 。(b)在不定代詞，如： anything, nothing, the one, all等作先行詞時(shí)，只用that ，不用 which 。(c)先行詞有 the only, the very, the same, the last, just修飾時(shí)，只用 that 。(d)先行詞為序數(shù)詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)，只用that, 不能用 which 。 .(e) 先行詞既有人

7、，又有物時(shí)。(f) 先行詞指物，在主句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)(g) 為了避免重復(fù)(h) 先行詞是 the way 或 the reason 時(shí)， that 可作關(guān)系副詞，也可省略(i)主句的主語(yǔ)是疑問(wèn)詞who /which時(shí)e.g.Is this the book that you borrowed in the library?這是你在圖書館借的那本書嗎？Who that break the window should be punished誰(shuí)打碎了窗戶都要受到懲罰All that is needed is a supply of oil.所需的只是供油問(wèn)題。Finally, the thief han

8、ded everything that he had stolen to the police.那賊最終把偷的全部東西交給了警察。三、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞：在句中作狀語(yǔ)關(guān)系副詞= 介詞 +關(guān)系代詞why=for whichwhere=in/ at/ on/ . which ( 介詞同先行詞搭配)when=during/ on/ in/ . which ( 介詞同先行詞搭配)1. where 指地點(diǎn) ，在定語(yǔ)從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)用來(lái)表示地點(diǎn)的定語(yǔ)從句。(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.(2) The house where I liv

9、ed ten y ears ago has been pulled down.2. when 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句表示 時(shí)間 。在定語(yǔ)從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)也可做連接詞用(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.(2) The time when we got together finally came.注 表示時(shí)間 “ time"一詞的定語(yǔ)從句只用when 引導(dǎo)，有時(shí)不用任何關(guān)系代詞.By the time you arrived in London, we had stayed there for two week

10、s.你到達(dá)倫敦時(shí)，我們?cè)谀抢镆汛藘蓚€(gè)星期。I still remember the first time I met her.我仍然記得我第一次見(jiàn)到她。Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towels, soap, toothbrush etc 。3. why 指原因 在定語(yǔ)從句中做原因狀語(yǔ)(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.(2) I don t know the reason why h

11、e looks unhappy today.注意：關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句可以由“介詞 +關(guān)系代詞 ”引導(dǎo)的從句替換(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.注： 1）介詞后面的關(guān)系代詞不能省略。2） that 前不能有介詞。3） 某些在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)或原因狀語(yǔ)的" 介詞 +關(guān)系詞 &q

12、uot; 結(jié)構(gòu)可以同關(guān)系副詞when ,where 和 why 互換。This is the house in which I lived two years ago. =This is the house where I lived two years ago.Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? =Do you remember the day when you joined our club?This is the reason why he came late. =This is the reason for whi

13、ch he came late.定語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)題一、請(qǐng)劃出定語(yǔ)從句，并標(biāo)出先行詞)1. Check the ways you study for an English test.2. Another thing that I found very difficult was English grammar.3. You couldn t understand people who talked fast4. I have some ideas that may help.5. They said something you didn t like.6. Can you think of any

14、problems you have had recently?8. He would always take pride in everything good I do.9. My friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school.10. What are some of the rules that a teenager should obey? 12. If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me.13. Standing very close to

15、the person you are talking with is quite common in some countries.14. If you know someone you know doing this, you can ask them.15. All I ever wanted to do was traveling.二、用關(guān)系代詞填空：that 、which 、 who、 whom 、 whose1. This is the man _ wants to see you.3. The man _ you went to see has come.2. The studen

16、t _ answered the question is Zhang Hua.4. The man _I met yesterday lent me some money.5. The woman _ you saw is our geography teacher.7. The person _you should write to is Mr. Ball.9. Here is the pen _ you lost the day before yesterday.6. The runner _ you are asking about is over there.8. The man _w

17、as passing by saw what happened.10. These books _ you lent me were very useful.11. The storybook _ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten.12. A clock is a machine _ tells people the time.13. This is shirt _I bought yesterday.14. A dictionary is a book _ gives the meaning to the word.15. The boo

18、k _ is on the table is mine.16. The film _ they are talking about is very interesting.17. I will never forget the people and the places _I have ever visited.18. Is there anyone _ family is in Beijing?19.Show me the boy _ mother is a well-known singer.20. The boy_ father is a teacher is good at Engli

19、sh.三、單項(xiàng)選擇() 1. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady_ comes from Beijing.A. whoB. whichC. whomD. whose() 2. What s the name of the program_.A. which are listeningB. you are listening toC. to that you are listeningD. that you are listening() 3. The students were all interested _ you told them yeste

20、rday.A. in whichB. in that thisC. all thatD. in everything() 4. He was the only person in his office_ was invited.A. whomB. whoseC. thatD. which() 5. This is the museum_ we visited last year.A. whereB. in whichC. whichD. in that() 6. Charlie told his mother all_ had happened.A. thatB. whatC. whichD.

21、 who() 7. Do you know the student_?A. whom I often talkB. with who I often talkC. I often talk withD. that I often talk() 8. I like the house_ windows face south.A. whoseB. wh o sC. it'sD. its() 9. Would you tell me where to get the dictionary _?A. what I needB.I need C. which I need itD. that I

22、 need it()10. The young woman_ I spoke just now is a young doctor.A. whoB . to whomC. whomD. that練習(xí)答案：一、注：（劃了線的是定語(yǔ)從句）方框里的詞是先行詞1. Check the ways you study for an English test（.2. Another thing that I found very difficult was English grammar.3. You couldn t understandpeople who talked fast.4. I have s

23、ome ideas that may help.5. They said somethingyou didn t like.6. Can you think of any problems you have had recently?8. He would always take pride in everything good I do.9. My friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school.10. What are some of the rules that a teenager should obey?12.

24、If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me.13. Standing very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some countries.14. If you know someone you know doing this, you can ask them.15. All I ever wanted to do was traveling.二、用關(guān)系代詞填空： that 、which 、who、 whom 、whose1. Th

25、is is the man _that who _ wants to see you.2. The student _ that who _ answered the question is Zhang Hua.3. The man _ that who _ you went to see has come.4. The man _ that who _whom_I met yesterday lent me some money.5. The woman _ that who whom_ you saw is our geography teacher.6. The runner _ that who whom_ you are asking about is over there.7. The person _ that who whom_ you shou