定語從句專練(共14頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質文檔-傾情為你奉上定語從句專練定義：修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。 被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。 The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 主句：The man is a policeman.從句：who is shaking hands with my father. 用來修飾先行詞the man關系詞who在定語從句中作主語The film which they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 主句：The film was no

2、t interesting at all.從句：which they went to see last night 用來修飾先行詞the film關系詞which在定語從句中作賓語The reason why he failed the examination is that he had not made any preparation for it. 主句：The reason is that he had not made any preparation for it.從句：why he failed the examination用來修飾先行詞the reason關系詞why在定語從句

3、中作原因狀語 關系代詞who 代表人，在從句中作主語，不能省略whom 代表人，在從句中作賓語，可以省略which 代表物，作從句的主語、賓語或介詞賓語，引導限制性或非限制性定語從句，作限制性定語從句賓語時可省略that 代表人或物，作從句的主語或賓語，只引導限制性定語從句，作賓語時可省略whose 代表人或物，在從句中作定語，不能省略as 代表人或物，在從句中作主語、賓語和表語，常與same,such搭配，不能省略 關系副詞when 先行詞是表示時間的詞where 先行詞是表示地點的詞why&

4、#160;先行詞是reason1. The book _ is now out of stock.A. which he bought it last week B. which he bought last week C. which bought last week D. he had bought2. The policeman was talking to the driver_. A. who broke the speed limit B. which broke the speed limit C. whose speed limit broke D. why broke the

5、 speed limit3. I think the day will finally come_ air pollution can be put under control. A. that B. which C. when D. as4.The crime rate rises in cities _ the unemployment rate increases. A. which B. whose C. where D. that5.The goal _ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him. A.

6、after which B. for which C. at whichD. with which6.This is the reason _ the electronic computer can not entirely replace man. A. how B. that C. because D. why7.That is such a heavy stone _ nobody can lift. A. that B. as C. which D. what8. This is the ship _ we crossed the Pacific. A. by which B. by

7、that C. where D. in which9. My hometown is no longer the same _ it used to be. A. which B. as C. where D. when10.This is the store_ we visited the famous shop assistant. A. where B. there C. that D. which 11. The boy_ composition won the first prize is the youngest in the group. A. who B. whose C. t

8、hat D. which 12. The temple _we visited last week is the one _the famous chemist was born.A. /,where B. which, that C. where, where D. where, that112 BACCB DBDBA BA分類: 限定性定語從句與非限定性定語從句 限制性定語從句 非限制性定語從句 形式上 不用逗號“，”與主句隔開。 用逗號“，”與主句隔開。 意義上 是先行詞不可缺少的定語，如刪除，主句則失去意義或意思表達不完整。只是對先行詞的補充說明，如刪除，主句仍能表達完整的意

9、思。 譯法上 譯成先行詞的定語：“的” 通常譯成主句的并列句。 關系詞的使用上 A作賓語時可省略 B可用thatC可用who 代替 whom A不可省略 B不用thatC不可用who 代替 whom非限制性定語從句1. His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. 主句：His mother is strict with him從句：who loves him very much 用來修飾先行詞his mother關系詞who在定語從句中作主語注意： 定語從句與主句用逗號隔開，去掉定從不影響句意；翻譯為：他媽媽很愛他，對他要求

10、嚴格。2. China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful. 3. Last summer I visited the Peoples Great Hall, in which many important meetings are held every year. in which 指代 in the hall,在從句中作地點狀語，注意：in 一定不可少。1.Some of the roads were flooded, _ made our journey more difficult. A. whi

11、ch B. that C. it D. as2.Professor Smith, _ is a computer professor from America, is now teaching in our university. A. as B. whom C. who D. which3.Tom didnt go to the party, _ is a pity, A. as B. which C. that D. it4.They have made another wonderful discovery, _of great importance to science.A. whic

12、h I think is B. of which I think is C. I think which is D. Which I think is14 ACBA特別注意!（1）先行詞有下列情況或附有下列修飾語時, 通常關系代詞 that1)先行詞是all, no none, everyone, everything, anything, something, much, little等不定代詞修飾時；2)先行詞前有序數(shù)詞,形容詞最高級,以及all, every, no, some, any, little, much, the last, the same, the only等詞修飾時.

13、3)如果先行詞中既含有表示人的名詞又有表示物的名詞時.4)若主句中有疑問代詞who, which 為了避免重復, 關系代詞不要再用who, which.1.This is all _I know about the matter. A. that B. what C. who D. whether2. Is there any thing else _you require? A. which B. that C. who D.what3.The last place _we visited was the Great Wall. A.which B.that C.where D.it4.He

14、 talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school. A.which B.that C.it D.whom5. There is no dictionary _you can find everything. A. that B. which C. where D. in that6.This is one of the best books_. A. that have ever been written B. that has written C. that has ever been

15、written D. that have written7. He wrote a letter to me, telling me everything _ he saw on the way to the Paris. A. what B. that C. which D. where8. Is oxygen the only gas _helps fire burn?A. that B./ C. which D. it9. Is there anything _to you?A. that is belonged B. that belongsC. which belongs D. th

16、at belong10. The scientist and his achievements _you told me about are admired by us all.A. which B. that C. who D. whose11. Which of the books _were borrowed from him is the best? A. which B. what C. that D. whose111 ABBBC ABABB C特別注意!（2）v as ,which均可以引出非限制性定語從句,如都指前一句話的意思, 二者可以互換. v as 引導的從句可以放在句首

17、, as 本身有“正如.正象”. 一類的含義. 與之連用的詞有know, see, expect, announce, point out等. 記住以下結構： v as is well knownv as has been said beforev as was expectedv as we all can see v as may be imaginedv as has been already pointed outv 在the sameas, suchas, soas中as引導的是限制性定語從句.1._was natural,he married Jenny.A.Which B.Tha

18、t C.This D.As2.Such signs_we use in the experiment_ Greek letters. A.as ,are B.as,is C.that,are D.that,is3.I passed him a large glass of whisky,_ he drank immediately . A.that B.as C.which D.who4.She is very good at dance,_everybody knows. A.that B.which C.who D.as5.It was raining, _was a pity. A.wh

19、at B.that C.the which D.which6._has been said above, grammar is a set of dead rules. A.Which B.What C.That D.As7.We do the same work_they do. A.which B.as C.than D.like8.The earth is round, _we all know. A.that B.which C.who D. as 18 DACDD DBD特別注意!（3）介詞關系代詞引導的定語從句,關鍵是判斷介詞的選擇（介詞只與which 和 whom 連用，whic

20、h表示物，whom 表示人）。方法一：部分介詞選擇取決于定語從句中的動詞，看從句謂語部分缺少什么介詞(動詞的固定搭配)方法二：部分介詞取決于被定語從句修飾的先行詞，將先行詞帶入從句，看選則哪個介詞方法三：可以通過整個句子整體含義來判斷，將先行詞帶入從句中（結合生活實際）將“介詞+先行詞”帶入定語從句1.Do you know who lives in the building _there is a well? A. in front of it B. in front of whose C. in front of which D. in front which2.Ill never for

21、get the day _I joined the League. A. on which B. in which C. which D. at which3.The woman _my brother spoke just now is my teacher. A. who B. to whom C. to who D whom4.Jeanne was her old friend, _she borrowed a necklace. A. from who B. from whomC. to that D. to whom5.His glasses, _he was like a blin

22、d man, fell to the ground and broke its leg.A. which B. with which C. without which D. that6. She is a teacher of much knowledge, _much can be learned. A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom7. He built a telescope _he could study the skies. A. in which B. with that C. through which D. by it8. Do

23、you know the reason _he was late? A. that B. which C. for what D. for which9. I have bought two ball -pens, _writes well. A. none of which B. neither of whichC. none of them D.neither of them10. The Second World War_millions of peoplewere killed broke out in 1941. A. during which B. in that C. where

24、 D. on which11.China has many rivers,_the Changjiang River is the longest. A. which B. in whichC.among which D. one of which12.This is the very knife_I used to cut apples yesterday. A.that B.by whichC.which D.with which112 CABBC DCDBA CD介詞填空：13.The speed_which you drive your car mustnt too high.14.I

25、n the park there are many flowers,the colour_ which is bright and nice.15.The little girl is reading a book,_which there are many pictures.16.What were the things_which he was not too sure?17.They held a meeting,_which the hospital director made a speech.18.The book,_which he paid 6 yuan,is worth re

26、ading.19.Is this the man_whose house the police found the lost coloured TV?20.The villagers dug along tunnel_which they could go to the fields without being found by the Japanese soldiers.21.Wu Dong,_whom I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.22.The stories about Long March,_which this is one

27、example,are well written.13. at 14.of 15 in 16. about 17. at 18. for 19. in 20 through 21. with22 of 特例！極少數(shù)定語從句中出現(xiàn)了介詞+關系副詞from +where 1.China is the birthplace of kites, _ kite flying spread to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India. A. from that B. from here C. from there D. from where 2.They stood at th

28、e window, _ they could see_was happening in the street. A. where; all B. which; allC. from where; what D. from which; that 特別注意!（4）v 先行詞是表示時間的詞或短語，關系詞不一定都是when, 還是要分析它在從句中擔當?shù)恼Z法成分v 先行詞是表示地點的詞或短語，關系詞不一定都是where或介詞+which, 還是要分析它在從句中擔當?shù)恼Z法成分v 先行詞是reason,關系詞不一定都用whyv 先行詞是time,前面如有序數(shù)詞或last修飾，關系詞用that（可省略）;但

29、若前面無序數(shù)詞或last,關系詞既可用that, 也可用whenv 先行詞為the way,表途徑、方式時，關系詞that(that 可省略），in which皆可1. The manager had to go to Beijing on June 23, _ happened to be his only sons birthday. A. when B. which C. that D. while將先行詞“June 23” 帶入定語從句：June 23 happened to be his only sons birthday. 可知關系詞所指代的先行詞在句中作主語。2. The wo

30、lves hid themselves in the places _ couldnt be found. A. that B. where C. in which D. in that The places couldnt be found.可知關系詞所指代的先行詞在句中作主語。3. This is the reason _ he has always been eager to know for these years. A. which B. why C. for which D. because He has always been eager to know the reason f

31、or these years.可知關系詞所指代的先行詞在句中作know的賓語。4. I dont like the way _ you speak to her. A. / B. that C. in which D. all A, B and C5. This is the last time _ I shall give you a lesson. A. which B. that C. on which D. when 15 BAADB特別注意!（5）在實踐中會遇到很多形似定語從句的句子，要注意定語從句與其它從句的結構上的細微差別,能夠正確區(qū)分使用它們.Compare:（1）There

32、are two boys in Peter's，both of whom are white（2）There are two boys in Peter's，and both of them are white 析：句（1）是含有定語從句的復合句。句（2）因為有并列連詞and所以是并列句。 （1）This kind of plant grows best at the places where it is warm and wet（2）This kind of plant grows best where it is warm and wet析：句（1）是由關系副詞where引

33、導的定語從句，修飾先行詞places，這時的 where也可以由at which代替。句（2）是由連接副詞where引導的地點狀語從句，這時的where不可以由介詞which代替。 （1）Here is such a heavy stone as I can't move （2）Here is such a heavy stone that I can't move it 析：句（1）是定語從句，先行詞前有 such修飾時用as引導，as在定語從句中作move的賓語。句（2）是suchthat引導的結果狀語從句。 （1）As is known to us all，the lig

34、ht on the earth is given by the sun （2）It is known to us all that the light on the earth is given by the sun 析：句（1）是由as引導的非限制性定語從句，這時的定語從句的位置很靈活，可以位于句首，句末或插在句中。as代替整個主句，在定語從句中充當主語。句（2）是含有主語從句的復合句，it作形式主語，真正的主語是that引導的從句。 （1）The news that he told me is true（2）The news that he will come back from the

35、U.Sis true 析：句（1）是that引導的定語從句， that在定語從句中作told的直接賓語。也可以由which代替。句（2）是that引導的同位語從句，that在同位語從句中不作任何成分，只起連結作用，但一般不能省略，也不能用which代替。 1A.Is this the factory_you visited last year? B.Is this factory_you visited last year? a.that b.where c.in which d.the one2.A.Mr Smith is one of those foreigners who_ worki

36、ng in China. B.Mr. Smith is the only one of those foreigners who_working in China. a.is b.has c.have d.are3.A.Dont discuss questions such_those. B.Lets discuss only the questions_ we are interested in. a.which b.that c.as d.about which4. A. All_I need is a good rest. B. _I need is a good rest. a. Wh

37、at b. All what c. that d.Which 5.A.Pisa is a city, _ has a leaning tower. B.Pisa is a city,_there is a leaning tower. a.which b.that c.where d.there6.A.This is the place_we visited last year. B.This the place_we worked last year. a.which b.where c. in that d.there7. A.The news_he told us was very ex

38、citing. B.He has brought us the news_our team has won the game. a.what b.as c.that d.where8. A. It is in a box_I have hidden my money. B. Well go_we are needed. a.that b.in which c.where d.in it1. a d 2. d a 3. c b 4. c a 5. a c 6. a b 7. c c 8. a c 熱點分析"熱點"之一:that和which引導的定語從句的區(qū)別典型考題:1. T

39、he weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect.A. what B. which C. that D. if2. All _ is needed is a supply of oil. A. the thing B. that C. what D. which分析:1-2 BB在非限制性定語從句中通常只能用which不能用that.如題1.在下列幾種情況下通常用that不用which:1)先行詞為不定代詞anything, everything, all, nothing等時.如題2.2)先行詞前有形

40、容詞最高級、序數(shù)詞修飾時.3)先行詞被no, the only, very等修飾時.4)先行詞既有人又有物時."熱點"之二:定語從句中的"隔離"現(xiàn)象 典型考題:1. The film brought the hours back to me _ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.A. until B. that C. where D. when2. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _ of course,

41、 made the others unhappy. A. who B. which C. this D. what分析:1-2 DB因定語從句過長,為使句子保持平衡,常將定語從句和其所修飾的詞分開.如題1,when引導的定語從句和先行詞the hours分開.在定語從句中使用"插入語"以增加語言的靈活性.如題2中的"of course"為插入語."熱點"之三:as和which引導的定語從句的區(qū)別典型考題:1. _ is known to everyone, the moon travels round the earth once e

42、very month. A. That B. It C. Which D. As2. The result of the experiment was very good, _ we hadn't expected. A. when B. that C. which D. what3. _ is mentioned above the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing. A. Which B. As C. That D. It4. Those houses are sold at such

43、a low price _ people expected. A. like B. as C. that D. which分析:1-4 DCBB在as, which引導的非限制性定語從句中,as和which可代替整個主句,相當于and this或and that.as引導的定語從句可放在主句之前、之后或插在句中,而which引導的定語從句通常只能放在主句后面.如題1,as引導的定語從句置于句首.as引導定語從句有"正如"、"就像"之意,具有描述性的特點,而which沒有,如題2和題3.在固定結構"such/as /so.as", &q

44、uot;the same. as"中,用as而不用which,如題4."熱點"之四:定語從句與其近似句型典型考題:1. It is the ability to do the job _ matters not where you come from or what you are. A. one B. that C. what D. it2. You should make it a rule to leave things _ you can find them again. A. when B. where C. them D. there3. She th

45、ought I was talking about her daughter, _ in fact, I was talking about my daughter.A. whom B. where C. while D. which 4. Go and get your coat. It's _ you left it. A. there B. where C. there where D. where there分析:1-4 BBCB在高考題和平時的練習中有一些句子像是定語從句而實際上是其他句型.如題1為強調句,that在此處不是關系代詞,而是強調句中的連詞.題2為狀語從句,whe

46、re為連接副詞而非關系副詞.題3為并列句,while表示"而,卻".題4為表語從句,where在此是連接副詞.點擊高考1. (2001) The film brought the hours back to me_ I was taken good care of in that far-away village. A. until B. that C. when D. where選C.首先選項后的從句是修飾the hours, 可以確定是定語從句，the hours在從句中作時間狀語。 本題意為這個電影將我?guī)Щ氐轿以谶b遠的村莊受到精心照顧的歲月。2. (2001) _ i

47、s known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What選B. 從句子結構分析，逗號提示我們前一句必須是從句，必須有引導詞，排除A項，進一步分析是定語從句而不是主語從句，在定語從句中that不能指整個句子，故選B. 此題關鍵要先從句子結構入手，再判斷是什么從句。3. (1994) The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect. A. what B. whi

48、ch C. that D. it選B.定語從句一般是修飾名詞或代詞的，但有時也可修飾前面整個句子或前面句子的一部分。 該句空白處應填關系代詞which，在定語從句中作主語，從句修飾主句整個句子，故選B.4. (1996) After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town, _ he grew up as a child. A. which B. where C. that D. when選B。根據(jù)句意判斷空白處后的分句為定語從句，空白處應選關系副詞where, where在從句中作地點狀語，來修飾地點名詞town.5. (1998) He made another wonderful discovery, _ of great importance to science. A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think which is 選A.根據(jù)該