人教版中考英語語法專題—情態(tài)動詞教案

1、人教版中考英語專題情態(tài)動詞教案1. i _ follow you. would you please repeat it?a. cant b. mustnt c. neednt d. shouldnt2. must i hand in my homework now, mr. smith?no, you _.a. cant b. shouldnt c. wouldnt d. neednt3. excuse me, may i keep the book a little longer?sorry. you _ return it today.a. must b. mustnt c. can d

2、. cant4. is the man over there mr. brown?it _ him. he has gone to brazil to watch the 2014 fifa world cup.a. may not b. cant be c. shouldnt d. mustnt5. children _ si t in the front seat of a car. its too dangerous.a. need b. neednt c. must d. mustnt情態(tài)動詞有具體的詞義，但也同助動詞一樣，需要與其他詞語一起構(gòu)成句子的謂語，另外情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變

3、化，情態(tài)動詞后必須跟動詞原形。考點一：can，may，must等情態(tài)動詞在陳述句中的用法：1. can的用法：（1）表示能力、許可、可能性。表示能力時一般譯為“能、會”，即有種能力，尤其是生來具備的能力，此時may和must均不可代替它。如：she can swim fast, but i cant. （2）表示許可，常在口語中。如：you can use my dictionary. （3）表示推測，意為“可能”，常用于否定句和疑問句中，此時cant譯為“不可能”。如：can the news be true?no, it cant be our teacher. he is on a vi

4、sit to the great wall.2. could的用法：（1）can的過去式，意為“能、會”，表示過去的能力。如：he could write poems when he was 10. （2）could在疑問句中，表示委婉的語氣，此時could沒有過去式的意思。如:could you do me a favour?could i use your pen?yes, you can.（注意回答）3. may的用法：(1)表示請求、許可，比can正式，如：may i borrow your bike? you may go home now.(2)表示推測，談?wù)摽赡苄?，意為“可能，?/p>

5、許”，一般用于肯定句中。如：it may rain tomorrow . she may be at home.(3)may的過去式為might，表示推測時?？赡苄缘陀趍ay。如：he is away from school. he might be sick.(4)表示希望、祈求、祝愿，?？勺g為“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+v例如：may you have a good time. may you be happy! may you succeed！4. must的用法：(1)must表示主觀看法，意為“必須、一定”。如：you must stay here until i come ba

6、ck. (2)其否定形式mustnt表示“一定不要” “千萬別” “禁止,不許”.如：you mustnt play with fire.(3)對must引導的疑問句，肯定回答為must，否定回答為neednt 或dont have to .如：must i finish my homework?no, you neednt. (4)must表示有把握的推測，用于肯定句。如: the light is on, so he must be at home now.5. need的用法：(1)need表示需要、必須，主要用于否定句和疑問句中，其否定形式為neednt，意為“沒有必要，不必”。用ne

7、ed提問時，肯定回答為must，否定回答為neednt或dont have to。如：need i stay here any longer? yes, you must. no. you neednt /dont have to.(2) need還可以作實義動詞，此時有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化，如果是人作主語后邊多接動詞不定式。如：i need to do it right now. 如果是物作主語，一般用need doing與need to be done這種情況下應(yīng)注意兩點：主動形式的動名詞doing具有被動的含義；該動名詞可以改為其動詞不定式的被動形式而句子的意義不變。例如：the doo

8、r needs painting. = the door needs to be painted. 6. dare的用法：dare意為“敢、敢于”,用法近似于need，有兩種詞性：（1）dare作為情態(tài)動詞，多用于否定句、疑問句或條件句中，無第三人稱單數(shù)形式，只有一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時。如：dare he tell them what he knows? i darent ask her will you do it for me?（2）dare作為實義動詞，此時有人稱、數(shù)及時態(tài)的變化。如：he doesnt dare to break his promise.注意：口語中，dare的各種形式

9、常與不帶to的不定式連用。如：do you dare tell her what i said?7. shall的用法：shall表示征求對方意見（多用于第一、三人稱），如：shall we go out for a walk?8. should的用法：（1）should意為“應(yīng)該”，可表示勸告、建議、義務(wù)、責任等。如：we should protect the environment.（2）should have done表示對過去動作的責備、批評。如：you should have finished your homework.9. will的用法：will表示意愿、意志、打算，可用于多種

10、人稱。如：i will help you if im free this afternoon.10. had better的用法：had better意為“最好”，沒有人稱的變化，后面接不帶to的不定式，其否定形式為：had better not?！纠?】i forgot to bring my dictionary. could i use yours? yes, you _.a. can b. must c. could d. should【例2】the man is feeling much better now, so you _ call a doctor.a. neednt b.

11、cant c. mustnt d. shouldnt【例3】if you _ smoke, please go outside .a. can b. may c. must d. might【例4】after you read the article “why fast food is slowly killing you”, you_ stop eating fast food.a. can b. may c. have to d. should【例5】look at the “no parking” sign. you _park your car here.a. should b. mu

12、st c. neednt d. mustnt考點二：含有情態(tài)動詞的疑問句的回答:1.對may引出的問句，可以有下列回答方式：肯定回答：yes, you may. /yes, of course. /yes, certainly. / sure .否定回答：no, you mustnt. / no, you cant.2.對must引出的疑問句，回答方式為：肯定：yes, must. 否定：no, neednt/ dont have to.3.could在疑問句中，表示委婉的語氣，此時could沒有過去式的意思。如:could you do me a favour? could i use yo

13、ur pen? yes, you can.（注意回答）4. shall引出的疑問句用于第一人稱，表示征求對方意見或客氣的請求。其回答方式有以下幾種：yes, please. / all right. / no, thank you.5.would you的回答方式有以下幾種：yes, i will. (no, i wont.)sure . (im sorry , i cant.)all right/ ok/ with pleasure.certainly. (no, thank you .)yes, please.考點三:不同情態(tài)動詞的否定意義也不同：1.（1）cant可譯為“不會”，如：i

14、cant play basketball.（2）當句子表推測時，用cant表達不可能，如：he cant be ill. he is playing chess with tom.（3）cant還可用來回答“ may i ? ”這樣的問句。如：may i come in ? no, you mustnt. / cant.（4）cant還可用于固定習語中。cant help doing禁不住，情不自禁cant wait to do something迫不及待地要做2. may的否定式為may not，譯成“可能不”，如：he may not be at home.3.（1）mustnt表示不許，

15、不可。如：he mustnt leave his room.（2） mustnt也可用于以may表示要求時的否定回答中。如：may i stand here?no, you mustnt (cant).4.（1）neednt意為“不必”。如：you neednt meet him unless youd like to.5. shouldnt表示不應(yīng)該。如：you shouldnt feel so unhappy over such little things.考點四:情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)為：情態(tài)動詞+ be + done (動詞的過去分詞)。做題時要兼顧情態(tài)動詞和被

16、動語態(tài)這兩個方面。考點五:情態(tài)動詞表示推測的用法:一、“情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形”表示對現(xiàn)在的推測。1、can表示推測時一般用于否定句或疑問句。如：that man cant be her husband because she is still single.2、must表示肯定的推測，一般用于肯定句中。如：he must be in his office now.3、might表示推測時不一定是may的過去時，只是表示其可能性較小。如：the man may be the headmaster.4、could表示推測時，語氣can比要弱，說話者留有余地。如：could it be an anim

17、al?it could not be，because it is not moving.【情態(tài)動詞易混點歸納】易混點一: can和be able to:兩者表示能力時用法相同，但can只有原形“can”和過去式“could”兩種形式，在其他時態(tài)中要用be able to來表示。另外be able to常常指經(jīng)過努力，花費了時間和勞力之后才能做到某事。易混點二:can和may1. can和may均可用來征求意見或許可，意為“可以”，一般可互換使用。如：can/ may i help you ? 2. can和may表示可能性時的區(qū)別：1)在肯定句中用might，may，must，不用can2)在

18、疑問句中表示推測用can，不用might，may，must3)在否定句中用cant（不可能），不用may，must。如：she may be in the classroom .她可能在教室里。where can they be now?他們現(xiàn)在可能在哪兒？that cant be true.那不可能是真的。易混點三: may be和maybemay be may為情態(tài)動詞，be為動詞原形 句中，作謂語maybe 副詞，大概、也許，相當于perhaps 句首，作狀語例如：he may be wrong , but im not sure.也許他錯了，但我也不確定。易混點四：cant和mustn

19、t1. cant根據(jù)其基本用法可譯為：（1）不會。如：i cant speak english .我不會說英語。（2）不能。如：we cant do it now because its too dark.天太黑了，我們現(xiàn)在干不了。（3）否定句中表示推測。“不可能”，如：the man cant be our teacher because he is much younger than our teacher.。2. mustnt意為“禁止、不許”，用來表達命令，表示強烈的語氣。如：you mustnt play football in the street. its too dangero

20、us.易混點五：must和have to1.must側(cè)重于個人意志和主觀上的必要。have to側(cè)重于客觀上的必要，可用于現(xiàn)在時、過去時和將來時。易混點六: used to do / be used to doing / be used to do/ be used for doing sthused to do表示過去常常發(fā)生的動作，強調(diào)過去，只用于過去；而be used to doing意為“習慣做”；be used to do意為“被使用去做,”為被動語態(tài)形式。be used for doing sth“用作”【例1】we _ pay to get into the concert. i

21、t's free.a. cant b. mustnt c. might not d. dont have to【例2】may i take this magazine out of the reading room? no, you _. you read it in here.a. mightnt b. wont c. neednt d. mustnt【例3】_ you leave now? you only arrived here an hour ago. sorry, but so much homework is waiting for me.a. may b. must c

22、. can d. might 【例4】a country has dreams. we teenagers _ also have dreams. with dreams and hard work, anything amazing can be created.a. may                   b. must      

23、0;              c. should【例5】must i return the book this week? no, you   _   . you can   _   it for 20 days.a. mustnt, keep   b. neednt, borrow  

24、      c. neednt, keep【能力提升】1. dad, must we wait until the light becomes green?yes, i'm afraid we_ .that's the traffic rule.a. can       b. may        c. have to    

25、60; d. need2. _        i see your id card, sir? we have to check your information.a. may          b. must             c. should  &

26、#160;         d. need3. finish your homework first, then youll _ watch tv for an hour.a. can     b. be able to     c. able      d could4. amy, i hear youve got many foreign co

27、ins. _ i have a look?   of course, ill fetch them for you.a. may            b. must         c. should             d. nee

28、d5. where are you going this month?    we_ go to xiamen, but we're not sure.a. neednt            b. must             c. might   

29、60;                 d. mustn't6. may i go out for a while, mom?no, you        . you have to finish your homework first.a. shouldn't     b. nee

30、dn't      c. mustn't           d. won't7. students in our school _ know shouting is not allowed in the library.a. can             

31、60;   b. may           c. must           d. need8. _ i have lunch now, mom?no. you must wash your hands first.a. would         

32、60;   b. may                  c. ought to9. can i borrow your ruler，please?yes，you _   . but you must return it to me before lunchtime.a. have   b. can   c. must   d. used to10. can i pa