常用介詞短語(yǔ)總結(jié)

1、學(xué)習(xí)資料收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，僅供參考常用介詞短語(yǔ)總結(jié)一、近義介詞短語(yǔ)辨析1. 表示原因 ( 通常在句中作狀語(yǔ) )1) because of:表示實(shí)際原因 ( 表達(dá)一種較強(qiáng)的因果關(guān)系)2) on account of:常用來引述邏輯、理性和事實(shí)因素3) out of +抽象名詞 : 常用來引述心理、情感因素, 如 out of ones own will(出于自愿 )4) owing / due to:著重把原因歸于某事物 , 既可作狀語(yǔ)又可作定語(yǔ) ,due to 還可以作后置定語(yǔ) , 如:Mistakes due to carelessness may cause serious consequenc

2、e.由于粗心犯的錯(cuò)誤也許會(huì)引起嚴(yán)重的后果。5) thanks to: 后面通常接表示積極意義的原因 , 意為 " 多虧 , 幸虧由于 " 。例句 :He walked slowly because of his bad leg.他腿不好 , 所以走得很慢。Michel and Billy, on account of their wide experiences in climbing, werevoted leaders.邁克爾與貝利由于有豐富的登山經(jīng)驗(yàn), 被選為隊(duì)長(zhǎng)。She did it out of sympathy.她這樣做是出于同情。Most of the pro

3、blems were owing/due to human errors.大部分問題都是由于人為的錯(cuò)誤造成的。Thanks to your energy and intelligence, the development scheme has beenfinally realized.多虧了你的精力和智慧, 這項(xiàng)發(fā)展計(jì)劃終于實(shí)現(xiàn)了。2. 表示排除1) with the exception of意義與 except, except for相同 , 但比它們正式2) apart from (= 美式英語(yǔ)中的 aside from) 是個(gè)復(fù)合介詞 , 既可表示 " 除 之外 ",

4、 相當(dāng)于 except (for), 又可以表示 " 除 之外 ,( 還 , 也 )" 相當(dāng)于 besides 。例句 :They all passed the physics examination with the exception of Tom.除湯姆外他們物理考試都及格了。We had a smooth journey apart from(= except for) a flat tyre.我們一路上很順利 , 只是車胎漏了一次氣。Apart from(= besides) a flat tyre, we had broken brakes.我們不但車胎漏了氣,

5、 而且剎車也出了毛病。3. 表示"有關(guān),關(guān)于"1)表 示 " 關(guān) 于 " 的 介 詞 :concerning(較 為 正 式 ),respecting(關(guān) 于 , 至于 ),regarding( 關(guān)于 , 就 而論 , 在 方面 ) 等He quarreled with his neighbor concerning the house.他因房子問題和鄰居發(fā)生了爭(zhēng)吵。I m at a loss respecting his whereabouts.我全然不知道他的蹤跡。Regarding the punishment, what would you ad

6、vise?就這種處罰來說 , 你有什么意見？2) 表示 " 關(guān)于 " 的介詞短語(yǔ) :with respect to( 關(guān)于 , 就 而言 ) ； in respect of( 就 而論 , 在 方面 ) ；in / with regard to, in / with reference to,學(xué)習(xí)資料1) ahead of學(xué)習(xí)資料收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，僅供參考in connection with 也都表示 "( 正式用語(yǔ) ) 關(guān)于 , 有關(guān) " ； as for 和 as to 在用于句首表示 " 至于 " 時(shí)區(qū)別不大 , 可以互相通用 , 但

7、 as to 表示 " 關(guān)于 " 時(shí)不能和 as for 互換 , 相當(dāng)于 about 和 concerning 。4. 表示 " 在 之前 "意為 in advance of, 可表示 "( 在空間或時(shí)間上比某人或某事物 ) 更前, 更早 "；還可表示 " 領(lǐng)先, 優(yōu)于 "2) in front of多指空間的前后關(guān)系 ," 在 正前方 "3) prior to(正式用語(yǔ) ) 指時(shí)間與重要性方面 " 在 之前 "4) previous to 指時(shí)間與順序上在 前5) pre

8、paratory to意為 in readiness for, as a preparation for,為做準(zhǔn)備而在 之前6) on the eve of " 在 前夕 ", 如 :on the eve of our examination / victory在我們考試 / 勝利的前夕例句 :5.表示"支持, 贊成"1) in support of維護(hù) , 支持 , 支援Mr. Smith spoke in support of the motion.史密斯先生發(fā)言支持這項(xiàng)提議。2) in favor of可指某人 " 支持 , 贊成 &qu

9、ot;, 也可指事物 " 有利于 "Are you in favor of the proposal? 你贊成此建議嗎？ The exchange rate is in our favor.兌換率有利于我們。6. 表示"鑒于, 由于；根據(jù) , 按照"1)in the light of按照 , 考慮到He rewrote the book in the light of further research.考慮到進(jìn)一步的研究 , 他重寫了那部書。2)in terms of就 而言 , 談到The job is great in terms of salary

10、, but it has its disadvantages.就薪水而言 , 這是份好工作。但它也有不足之處。3)on the grounds of; on . grounds以 為理由 / 根據(jù)Their requestfora permission to open a mine was denied on environmentalgrounds. 基于對(duì)環(huán)境問題的考慮 , 他們開礦的請(qǐng)求沒有被許可。4)in accordance with與 一致 , 書面語(yǔ)5)according to根據(jù)；按照 A diplomatmust act accordingto circumstances.外

11、交官必須會(huì)隨機(jī)應(yīng)變。學(xué)習(xí)資料學(xué)習(xí)資料收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，僅供參考( 二) 形近義異介詞短語(yǔ)辨析1. all but 幾乎 , 差一點(diǎn) (almost) ；除了 都 (all except)anything but 單單除 之外；根本不 nothing but 僅僅 , 只不過 (only, no more than)I all but stumbled.我差一點(diǎn)摔跤。I will eat anything but carrot.我什么都吃 , 就是不吃胡蘿卜。He is anything but clever.他根本不聰明。The fellow is nothing but a fool.那家伙不過是

12、個(gè)傻瓜而已。2. at a time每次 , 一次at onetime 曾經(jīng) , 一度 (once) ；同時(shí) (at the same time; simultaneously)He used to abandon his work for many months at a time. 他過去常常把工作一丟就是好幾個(gè)月。At one time she was the chairman of the board.她曾擔(dān)任董事會(huì)主席。He was the chairman of the board and at one time he was also the president of the c

13、ompany. 他同時(shí)擔(dān)任董事會(huì)主席和公司總裁。3. at no time 決不 , 從不 (never; on no occasion) in no time 立即 , 馬上 (in a very brief time)At no time did I feel they were being unreasonable.我從沒覺得他們不講理。Well be there in no time.我們很快就會(huì)到那兒。4. for the moment暫時(shí) (as far as the present time is concerned, although perhaps not later)at

14、the moment 此刻 , 現(xiàn)在 (at present time; now) in a moment 很快 , 一會(huì)兒 (very soon)For the moment we are content to watch and wait.目前我們甘心在一旁觀察和等待。 ( 暗含以后不甘于這樣的意味 )I m busy at the moment, but Ill do itlater.這會(huì)兒我很忙 , 過后我會(huì)處理這件事的。I am on the telephone now, but I will be with you in a moment.我正打電話, 一會(huì)兒就到你那兒去。5. a

15、t present 目前 , 現(xiàn)在 (at the present time or moment; now)for the present 暫時(shí) , 暫且 (temporarily)；就目前而言 (as far as the presenttime is concerned意指某一情形目前存在著 , 但很可能會(huì)發(fā)生變化 )We dont know at present who will win the election.現(xiàn)在我們還不知道誰(shuí)將在選舉中獲勝。For the present she continues with the antibiotics.目前她還是繼續(xù)使用抗生素。6. out

16、of question毫無疑問 (without doubt; doubtless),作表語(yǔ) out of the question 不可能的 (not to be thought of as possible; not to be done), 也作表語(yǔ)without question 毫無疑問 , 毫無疑義 (without arguing or asking why it is學(xué)習(xí)資料學(xué)習(xí)資料收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，僅供參考necessary), 作狀語(yǔ)The sabotage is out of questiona freshblow to internationalpeace efforts.那

17、次陰謀破壞無疑對(duì)國(guó)際和平努力又是一個(gè)新的打擊。She knew that a holiday was out of the question this year.她知道今年不可能有假期。Without question he is the brightest student in the school.毫無疑問 ,他是全校最聰明的學(xué)生。7. for oneself為自己to oneself歸于自己 of oneself 由自己構(gòu)成 , 出于自動(dòng)in oneself在自身境界中 , 在自身屬性中by oneself自動(dòng)地 , 單獨(dú)地8. on the contrary 表示完全不贊同某一說法并提

18、出與該說法" 正相反 , 恰恰相反" 的事實(shí)by / in contrast用于表示兩個(gè)極不相同的事實(shí)之間的明顯差異, 意為" 與此形成對(duì)照；相比之下 "Does it rain a lot in the desert?沙漠里下雨多嗎？On the contrary, it hardly ever rains.恰恰相反 , 那兒幾乎從不下雨。By/In contrast, our use of oil has increased enormously.相比之下 , 我們的石油用量增長(zhǎng)巨大。9. at the cost of 以( 某物 ) 為代價(jià) , 以

19、犧牲某人的生命為代價(jià)at the expense of由 支付費(fèi)用 , 以( 損害或損失 ) 為代價(jià)He saved the girl from drowning at the cost of his own life.他舍身把溺水的姑娘救出來。His successful career was at the expense of his social life.他成功的職業(yè)生涯是以犧牲社交生活為代價(jià)的。10. in the face of面對(duì) , 縱然遭遇 ( 困難、問題等 ) 而in the presence of / in ones presence某人在場(chǎng)的情況下 , 當(dāng)著某人的面in

20、 front of也可表示當(dāng)著某人的面學(xué)習(xí)資料學(xué)習(xí)資料收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，僅供參考介詞與其他詞類的固定搭配介詞常常和形容詞、名詞、動(dòng)詞等構(gòu)成固定搭配，以表示固定的意義。(1).形容詞與介詞的固定搭配:形容詞與介詞的固定搭配1 形容詞 +aboutAngry with對(duì) 生氣anxious about 擔(dān)心calm about 對(duì) 很平靜care bout 小心careless about粗心certain about 對(duì) 有把握curious about對(duì) 好奇sure about 確信doubtful about 對(duì) 懷疑enthusiastic about對(duì) 熱情的；熱心的hopeful abou

21、t對(duì) 抱希望frank about對(duì) 坦白的；坦率的incredulous about 對(duì) 不相信2 形容詞 +atclever at 擅長(zhǎng)于 expert at 對(duì) 熟練的good at 擅長(zhǎng)于 indignant at對(duì) 憤慨的quick at 做 敏捷slow at對(duì) 反應(yīng)慢surprised at對(duì) 吃驚3 形容詞 +foranxious for渴望的eligible for有資格的famous for 因 而著名fit for 對(duì)某人適宜hungry for對(duì) 渴望late for 遲到possible for可能qualified for有資格的ready for 準(zhǔn)備好respo

22、nsible for對(duì) 負(fù)責(zé)necessary for為 所必需4 形容詞 +fromabsent from 缺席free from 使 擺脫prohibited from禁止某事物safe from 安全detached from 分開某物different from與 不同5 形容詞 +inabsorbed in專心于disappointed in對(duì) 失望experienced in有經(jīng)驗(yàn)expert in 在 熟練fortunate in 有幸interested in對(duì) 感興趣rich in 富于；盛產(chǎn)successful in 在 成功6 形容詞 + ofafraid of 害怕as

23、hamed of 羞恥aware of 知道certain of 確信fond of 喜愛guilty of有罪的proud of驕傲short of 缺乏sick of 厭煩tired of厭倦worthy of值得7 形容詞 +tocontrary to與 相反determined to有決心的equal to 等于familiar to 為 所熟悉favorable to 對(duì) 有利harmful to有害的inclined to準(zhǔn)備做某事indifferent to對(duì) 不在乎similar to 相似；相同8 形容詞 +withangry with對(duì) 感到惱火annoyed at 對(duì) 煩

24、惱busy with忙于crowded with擁擠familiar with 精通；熟悉friendly with 與 友好nervouse with對(duì) 感到緊張patient with對(duì) 有耐心popularwith 受歡迎satified with對(duì) 滿意9 形容詞 +ondependent on依靠intend on 堅(jiān)決；專心keen on 熱衷于某事物severe on 嚴(yán)格的學(xué)習(xí)資料學(xué)習(xí)資料收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，僅供參考(2) . 名詞與介詞的固定搭配 :1 介詞 +名詞。如：at the cinema在電影院at university 上大學(xué)frompoint of view從某人的角度

25、for the sake of為了in poerty在窮困中in earnest 有決心的on sale 在出售on the average平均的on the contrary 相反地on the radio通過收音機(jī)to some extent 某種程度to one ssurprise讓某人吃驚to one sdelight讓某人高興2 名詞 +介詞。如：dependence on 依靠independence on 不依靠discussion about/on 關(guān)于 的討論hundres on 數(shù)以百計(jì)的thousands of成千上萬(wàn)的influence on 對(duì) 的影響explanat

26、ionof/for 對(duì) 的解釋half of 的一半the idea of 的主意lack of 缺乏proof of 的證據(jù)reason of 的原因Responsibility for 對(duì) 的責(zé)任success in/at 在 成功(3). 動(dòng)詞與介詞的固定搭配:1 動(dòng)詞 +介詞1 跟介詞“ of' 的搭配assure sb. of sth向 (某人 )保證 (某事 )convince sb of sth使 (某人 )信服 (某事 )be sure of sth相信，確信persuade sb of sth勸說 (某人 )相信某事be aware of sth意識(shí)到be consc

27、ious of sth.意識(shí)到inform sb of sth告訴；通知warn sbof sth.警告remind sb. of sth 提醒suspect sb of sth 懷疑rob sb. of sth搶劫；掠奪cheat sb of sth 騙取，詐取accuse sb of sth指控relieve sb of sth解除，緩解cure sb of (illness)治愈consist of組成be made up of組成be composed of組成be fond of喜歡be short of缺少be tired of厭倦be ignorant of無知；不知道be pr

28、oud of以為豪be full of充滿be considerate of 體諒；考慮周到boast of夸耀approve of同意；批準(zhǔn)repent of后悔take advantage of利用take account of考慮make fun of取笑 (某人 )make a fuss of 對(duì) 大驚小怪； 小題大作2 跟介詞“ to”的搭配object to反對(duì)oppose to反對(duì)adhere to堅(jiān)持tick to堅(jiān)持fasten to拴在be chained to依附；捆在cling to依附，堅(jiān)持reply to回答；答復(fù)respond to答復(fù)；響應(yīng)confess to承

29、認(rèn)confine sth. to sth.限制；禁閉consent to同意；答應(yīng)submit to服從；屈服be subject to 易受 影響，隸屬be prior to在前的；居頭的prefer to 寧愿；喜歡學(xué)習(xí)資料學(xué)習(xí)資料收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，僅供參考previous to在以 前referto涉及；談到；查閱applyto適 用 于attach sth. to sth. 縛 ;be attached to sb. 依戀 (某人 )；attribute to 歸功于contribute to捐款； 貢獻(xiàn)resort to 采用 (手段 )等appeal to 呼吁，要求，投合 所好owe

30、. to 歸功于look forward to期望；盼望hang on to緊緊握住be subsequentto后 于be loyalto忠 誠(chéng) 于be partial to對(duì).偏愛be sensitive to對(duì) .敏感be similar to和 .相似be superior to優(yōu)于be inferior to劣于be vital to 對(duì) 重要be alert to警覺be adequate to（對(duì) 而言）足夠，適當(dāng)be contrary to與 相反be familiar to熟悉be indifferent to漠不關(guān)心；冷漠be reduced to使陷入，淪為be clos

31、e to接近于be up to （ a certain job ）勝任；適合于be immune to免疫appoint sb to (a certain position)任命c(diǎn)ommit sb to sth.使某人承擔(dān)義務(wù)entitle sb to sth.給某人權(quán)利；entitle sth. 給起名accommodate oneself to使 .適應(yīng)adjust oneself to使適應(yīng)；調(diào)整accustom oneself to習(xí)慣于dedicate oneself to獻(xiàn)身于devote oneself to獻(xiàn)身于expose oneself to 使暴露；使面臨restrict

32、 oneself to 限制resign oneself to 順從于；甘心于limit oneself to限制commit oneself to獻(xiàn)身于3 跟介詞 "from ”的搭配·tell . from區(qū)分；辨別distinguish from 區(qū)分；辨別separate . from分；分開originate from來源于arise from由 而產(chǎn)生；derive from起源；由來result from由 而產(chǎn)生prevent sb. from防止prohibit sb. from禁止；阻止deter sb. from阻止；嚇住hinder . from阻止

33、dissuade sb. from勸說，protect . from保護(hù)shield . from保護(hù)keep from阻止；隱滿refrain from忍??；抑制住release . from解脫；釋放restrain from抑制；限制immune . from免除exempt . from免除rescue . from挽救，營(yíng)救eliminate . from排除secure sb. from使某人安全；不受打擊save . from挽救escape from躲避；逃脫find shelter from躲避；庇護(hù)free . from解除；使擺脫abstain from回避；戒，棄權(quán)differ from不同defend . from保護(hù)；保衛(wèi)suffer . from遭受distract . fro