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1、Module 1一、詞匯1. 辨析 watch ,look , look at 與 seewatch 是及物動(dòng)詞,意思是“觀看;注視”,常用來指看電視、看球賽、看戲等。look 為不及物動(dòng)詞,單獨(dú)使用,用以引起對(duì)方的注意。look at 是由動(dòng)詞 look 和介詞 at 組成的詞組,后面可以帶賓語,側(cè)重“看”的動(dòng)作。see 為及物動(dòng)詞,意為“看見”,側(cè)重“看”的結(jié)果。2. call v. 打電話call sb. 給 . 打電話call +某人 + at +電話號(hào)碼 (用這個(gè)號(hào)碼打電話給某人)eg: Please call John at 035-7328. 請(qǐng)打 0357328 找約翰。2稱呼

2、eg: They call me Tina. 他們叫我蒂娜。3. 辨析 every day 和 everydayevery day 是副詞詞組,在句子中間做狀語,表示“每天,天天”。eg: We speak English everyday.everyday 是形容詞,在句子中只做定語,表示“日常的,每天的”。eg: Let s learn some everyday English.4. 辨析 everyone 和 every oneeveryone 意為“每個(gè)人”,只指人,不指物,不與 of 短語連用。 Everyone 在句中作主語 時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。eg: Is eve

3、ryone here today? 今天大家都來了嗎?every one 既可以指人,也可以指物,可與介詞 of 連用。eg: Every one of us has a chance to speak at the meeting. 我們每個(gè)人都有機(jī)會(huì)在會(huì)上發(fā)言。5. 辨析 look for 與 findlook for 意為“尋找”,指有目的的找,強(qiáng)調(diào)“尋找”這一動(dòng)作。eg: What are you looking for? 你在找什么?I m looking for my bike.在找我的自行車。find 意為“找到;發(fā)現(xiàn)”,強(qiáng)調(diào)“找”的結(jié)果,其賓語往往是某個(gè)丟失的東西或人。eg:

4、I m looking for my bag, but I cantfind it. 我找我的書包,但我沒找到。6. 辨析 talk, speak, tell 與 saytalk 意為“談話;講話”,如果只有一方對(duì)另一方說話時(shí),一般用 talk to ,如果雙方或多 方交談時(shí),多用 talk with 。speak 意為說話;講話”,后面常接語言。speak to 意為和.談話、講話”tell 意為“告訴;講述”。 tell sb. sth. 告知某人某事tell sb. to do sth. 告訴某人去做某事 tell sb. not to do sth. 告訴某人不要做某事say 意為“說

5、”,后常跟說話內(nèi)容。二、短語1. lost and found boxlost 和 found 分別是動(dòng)詞 lose 和 find 的過去分詞形式, 過去分詞可以修飾名詞作定語, lost 在這里意為“丟失的”, found 意為“找到的”,它們作定語修飾名詞box。2. look for 尋找由于 for 是介詞,所以后面要接名詞或代詞作賓語, look for sth. 意為“尋找某物”,使用 時(shí)注意,look for 不能分開使用。eg:They are looking for their phones, cameras, watches, computers and many othe

6、r things. 他們 正在尋找他們的電話、照相機(jī)、手表、電腦和其他許多東西。注意: find 強(qiáng)調(diào)“找”的結(jié)果,而 look for 強(qiáng)調(diào)“找”的過程。eg: I m looking for my watch, but can我在找找我的的手表 但是找不到.3. in a hurry 匆匆忙忙地介詞短語,hurry 動(dòng)詞短語用hurry up ”來表示趕快,趕緊,“ (there s) no hurry ”意 為“不忙,不必著急,有充裕時(shí)間”。eg:There is no hurry, so do it slowly and carefully. 不必趕時(shí)間, 要慢慢地, 認(rèn)真地完成任務(wù)。

7、We musthurry up if we want to be there on time. 如果想準(zhǔn)時(shí)到那里的話,我們就必須動(dòng) 作快點(diǎn)。三、句型1. Here is / are 這兒有.,.在這兒(用于剛找到某人或某物時(shí))是一個(gè)完全倒裝句結(jié)構(gòu),當(dāng)主語為代詞時(shí)部分到裝。 eg: Here is the address. 這是那里的地址。四、 語法1. 名詞性物主代詞 物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞與名詞性物主代詞。( 1 )形容詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞,在句中作定語用,其后一定要接名詞。如: my pen 我的鋼筆 your bag 你的書包 his bike 他的自行車 her desk

8、她的書桌 its name 它的名字eg: Is that your bike? 那是你的自行車嗎 ?Those are our books. 那些是我們的書。如果名詞前有形容詞性物主代詞,就不能同時(shí)用冠詞(a, an, the)或指示代詞(this, that,these, those)修飾此名詞。注意:形容詞性物主代詞與形容詞一起修飾名詞時(shí),要放在形容詞之前。如: his English books 他的英語書 their Chinese friends 他們的中國(guó)朋友 (2)名詞性的物主代詞相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞,在句中作主語、表語或賓語,能單獨(dú)使用。 名詞性物主代詞 =相應(yīng)的形容詞性物主代詞名

9、詞 人稱代詞與物主代詞五、 知識(shí)拓展1. whose 一般是就物主代詞或名詞所有格提問。( 1 )提問部分作定語時(shí),用“ Whose 名詞一般疑問句?”結(jié)構(gòu)。eg: Its myshrirtWhose shirt is it?這是我的襯衫。T這是誰的襯衫?2) 提問部分作表語時(shí),用“ Whose 一般疑問句?”結(jié)構(gòu)。eg: The shirt is mine.rWhose is the shirt?這件襯衫是我的。r這件襯衫是誰的?Module 2、單詞1. join v.加入(團(tuán)體,組織,參軍)eg: I joined the Party in 1975.我 1975 年入黨。His bro

10、ther joined the army two years ago. 兩年前他哥哥參軍。2接人稱代詞的賓格形式,表示和某人一起進(jìn)行某活動(dòng),還有“連接”的意思。eg:We want to go to a movie. Do you want to join us? 我們想去看電影 , 你和我們一起去嗎? They areplanning to join the two towns by a railway. 他們?cè)谟?jì)劃用一條鐵路把兩個(gè)鎮(zhèn)連 接起來。2. 辨析 join 與 take part injoin 指加入某黨派、某組織或某社會(huì)團(tuán)體,以及參軍等,還可表示參與某種活動(dòng)。eg: I will

11、 never forget the day when I joined the Party.我永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了入黨的那一天。2Will you join us for dinner? 請(qǐng)你和我們一起吃飯好嗎 ?take part in 指參加群眾性活動(dòng)、會(huì)議、勞動(dòng)、游行等,往往指參加者持有積極的態(tài)度,起一份作用,有時(shí)與 join in 可互換。eg: Will you take part in the English evening? 同我們一起參加英語晚會(huì)好嗎? All the stude nts took an active part in the thorough clea ning.所有的

12、學(xué)生都積極參加了大掃除 .3. worry作及物動(dòng)詞,意為“使煩惱,使焦慮”,常接人作賓語。eg: What worried you so much? 什么事使你這么著急?His bad health worried his parents greatly. 你身體不好使他的父母很發(fā)愁。作不及物動(dòng)詞,意為“煩惱、擔(dān)心、發(fā)愁”,常跟介詞about。eg: Tell them not to worry. 告訴他們不要擔(dān)心。They are worrying about the coming exam. 他們正在為即將到來的考試而發(fā)愁。注意:worry about 表示“對(duì).擔(dān)心,憂慮”。eg:Do

13、nt worry / be worried about John. Hell be back soon. 不必為約翰擔(dān)憂,他馬上就回來。Theresnothing to worry about 沒有什么要擔(dān)心的。二、短語1. would like 想要1后面接名詞或代詞,表示“具體要”某樣?xùn)|西。eg: I d like two sweaters for my daughters想給我的女兒們買兩件毛衣。Would you like one of these moon cakes? 你想要一塊這樣的月餅嗎?2后面接動(dòng)詞不定式,表示“愿望,喜愛”,常用于有禮貌地提出邀請(qǐng)、請(qǐng)求或建議。eg: Wou

14、ld you like to come to supper? 你愿意來吃晚飯么?2. get on well/al ong with sb. 表示“與.相處的很好”。get on badly with sb.表示“與.相處的不好”。eg: I get on well with my classmates and teachers. 我和老師同學(xué)都相處得很好。3. be good at sth. / doing sth. 擅長(zhǎng)于 .do well in sth. /doing sth.在 .做得好,在.表現(xiàn)好eg: I work hard, and I do well at school. 我努

15、力學(xué)習(xí)因此在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異。I m really good at football 我很擅長(zhǎng)足球。4. be ready to 愿意做某事;為做準(zhǔn)備eg: We are ready to help them. 我們樂意幫助他們。We are ready to do some cleaning for the new students. 我們?yōu)樾碌膶W(xué)生打掃衛(wèi)生做準(zhǔn) 備。三、句型1. make + sb. / sth. + adj. 使某人或某物處于某種狀態(tài) eg: The news made him happy. 這個(gè)消息使他很高興。注意:除了接形容詞作賓補(bǔ)外,還可以接名詞、動(dòng)詞的過去分詞等作賓補(bǔ)

16、。eg:They all wantto make Jim their monitor. 他們都想讓吉姆當(dāng)班長(zhǎng)。四、語法1. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can 的用法 can 表示能力, 會(huì) 能,沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。(1) 肯定句結(jié)構(gòu) 主語+can +動(dòng)詞原形+其他. 否定句結(jié)構(gòu) 主語 +cant(can not )+動(dòng)詞原形 +其他 .eg: Judy can speak a little Chinese. 朱蒂會(huì)說一點(diǎn)中文。I can dance and sing. 我能唱歌又能跳舞。(2) 變疑問句時(shí),將 can 提到主語之前??隙ɑ卮?Yes 主語+can.否定回答 No,主語+can t.eg: Ca

17、n the students run in the hallways? 學(xué)生們可以在走廊上跑嗎?What can I do for you? 我能為你做點(diǎn)什么?五、知識(shí)拓展1. play 在樂器前經(jīng)常要加定冠詞the,但在球類、棋類等體育活動(dòng)前不加任何冠詞。eg: play the guitar 彈吉他 play the violin 拉小提琴play football 踢足球 play basketball 打籃球2. That s all 僅此而已,是口語中一句非常有用的表達(dá),其用法主要有以下三種:(1) 表示僅此這些或無關(guān)緊要,意為“沒別的 ; 沒事; 沒什么; 事情就是這樣”。如:1A

18、: How are you feeling? 你感覺怎么樣 ?B: Fi ne. Just a little tired. That還好,只是有點(diǎn)點(diǎn)累,沒事。2Just a funny dream; that s all.僅僅做了個(gè)有趣的夢(mèng),如此而已。(2) 表示沮喪或無可奈何,意為“沒有(別的 )辦法”。eg: If all the seats are booked,we shall have to stay at home. That s all. 如果全部戲票都已預(yù)售一空,我們只好呆在家里,沒有別的辦法。(3) 表示說話或做事完了(或暫時(shí)完了)。意為“完了;就這些”。如:eg: That

19、 s all. ThankyO 我的發(fā)言完了,謝謝。That s all for todays 天就到這里吧。That s all; you may go nov 就這些,你可以走了。3. What about 和 how about英語口語中常用的兩個(gè)省略句型,意思和用法基本相同,后面可以加人稱代詞賓格,名 詞或者動(dòng)詞-ing 形式,表示 . 怎么樣。(1 )向?qū)Ψ教岢鼋ㄗh或請(qǐng)求。eg: How about going out for a walk? 出去散散步好嗎? (2)征詢對(duì)方的看法或意見。eg: What about the TV play? 那個(gè)電視劇怎么樣?(3)詢問天氣或身體等

20、情況。eg: What about the weather in your home town? 你家那邊的天氣怎么樣?Module 3一、單詞1. 辨析 wear, in 與 put on.wear 動(dòng)詞,穿著,戴著。強(qiáng)調(diào)穿的狀態(tài)。in 介詞,后接衣服或顏色的詞。著重衣服的款式或顏色。put on 動(dòng)詞,穿上,戴上,強(qiáng)調(diào)穿的動(dòng)作,后接衣服,鞋帽。2. spend v. 花費(fèi),度過1sb.+ spend +時(shí)間/金錢+ on sth.人在 上花費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢eg: I spend much time on TV.2sb.+ spend +時(shí)間/金錢+ ( in) doing sth.花費(fèi)時(shí)間金錢

21、做某事eg: I spend much time watching Tv.3sb.+spe nd +時(shí)間+ with + sb. 和某人一起度過。eg: I spend my weekend with my friends.二、短語1. look forward to + n. / v. -ing 期待某事 /期待做某事eg: We are looking forward to visiting Hong Kong. 我們都很期待去香港玩。I am looking forward to your coming. 我很期待你的到來。2. go sightseeing = do some sigh

22、tseeing 觀光游覽類似結(jié)構(gòu): go shopping 購物go cooking 做飯go washing 洗衣服go cleaning 打掃衛(wèi)生3. have a picnic 去野餐英語中經(jīng)常用 have 或 take, make 等動(dòng)詞 + n. 組成詞組。eg: have a good time 玩得高興 have a rest 休息一會(huì)take a walk 散步 make a presentation 做一個(gè)介紹3. enjoy oneself 過的愉快相當(dāng)于 have a good time, 在口語中,用作祈使句。eg: I m going to enjoy myself

23、during the May Day holiday.我打算在五一假期好好玩一玩。I hope you enjoy yourself this evening. 我希望你今晚過的愉快。三、句型1. 特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞 + be ( am, is, are ) + 主語 + going to + 動(dòng)詞原形eg: What are you going to have tomorrow? 明天你們要吃什么?What are you going to do tonight? I m going to watch the baseball game.今晚你打算做什么?我想要看棒球賽。四、語法1. 一般

24、將來時(shí)態(tài) be going to+ 動(dòng)詞原形 打算去做某事 肯定句結(jié)構(gòu):主語 +be going to +動(dòng)詞原形 +其他 否定句結(jié)構(gòu):主語 +be not going to + 動(dòng)詞原形 +其他 一般疑問句: be 動(dòng)詞提前be +主語 +going to + 動(dòng)詞原形 +其他肯定回答:Yes,主語+be. 否定回答:No,主語+be not.eg: I m going to visit China 將去中國(guó)。I m not going to visit China 我不會(huì)去中國(guó)。Are you going to visit China? 你要去中國(guó)了嗎? Yes, I am. /No, I

25、 m not.What are you going to do? 你將去做什么?注意:表示計(jì)劃到某地去,謂語動(dòng)詞 go 與 going 重復(fù),一般只說 be going to +地點(diǎn)。eg: They are going to China for a visit. 他們將去中國(guó)游玩。 will/shall shall 只用于主語是第一人稱時(shí),肯定句結(jié)構(gòu):主語 +will +動(dòng)詞原形 +其他 否定句結(jié)構(gòu):主語 +will not +動(dòng)詞原形 +其他 一般疑問句: will 提前 Will +主語 +動(dòng)詞原形 +其他?肯定回答:Yes,主語+will. 否定回答:No,主語+won t( will

26、 not). 特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞 +will +主語+動(dòng)詞原形 +其他 eg: We shall go shopping tomorrow 我們明天去購物。Will you go shopping tomorrow? 明天你去購物嗎? Yes, I will./No, I won t.What will you do tomorrow? 明天你去干什么呢?注意: tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next day(week/month/year)soon 很快 right away= at once 立刻,馬上 in the future 在將來 in f

27、uture 今后 some day= oneday 總有一天 from now on 從今往后 after + 時(shí)間點(diǎn) 以后 in+時(shí)間段以后 there be 的將來式 : there will be =there is/are going to be五、知識(shí)拓展1. 通常泛指“在下午 /上午 /晚上”,用 in the morning/ afternoon/ evening ,但是特指某 一天(具體某一天)時(shí)候的下午 /上午 /晚上,則需要用介詞 on.eg: On Saturday morning, I m going to check my 我會(huì)在周六的上午查收郵件。I m going

28、 to see a movie in the afternoon. 我下午要去看電影。Module 4一、單詞1. 辨析 bring 、take、fetch、carry1bring 意為“帶來”,指把某物從別的地方帶到說話時(shí)的這個(gè)地方來。eg: Remember to bring your book tomorrow. 記住明天把你的書帶來。2take 意為“帶走”,把某物帶到別的地方去。eg: It s going to rain. You d better take an umbrella 要下雨網(wǎng) 6 你最好帶上一把雨傘。3fetch 意為“去取來某物”,它包括一個(gè)往返的過程。eg: W

29、ill you go and fetch some water? 你去取一點(diǎn)水來 ,好嗎?4carry 一般指“隨身攜帶的細(xì)小物品”,此外還多用于汽車、火車等交通工具意為“運(yùn)載” 的意思。eg: He always carries a pocket dictionary with him. 他總是隨身攜帶一本袖珍字典。The bus carried me to the park yesterday. 昨天公共汽車把我拉到了公園。2. 辨析 maybe 與 may be1maybe 副詞,“也許”,相當(dāng)于 perhaps。maybe 只能放于句首,不能放于句中。eg: Maybe he won

30、t come. 也許他不會(huì)來。2may be 是謂語形式,其中may 是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,be 是連系動(dòng)詞,表示“也許是”、“可能會(huì)有”等。eg: He may be a middle school student. 他可能是個(gè)中學(xué)生。She may be watching TV now. 現(xiàn)在她也許在看電視。二、短語1. be sure 確信 , 一定,后面可跟不定式或從句。eg: I am sure to go to Beijing tomorrow. = I am sure that I will go to Beijing tomorrow. 我明天一定會(huì)去北京。He is sure to v

31、isit the Great Wall next week. = He is sure that he will visit the Great Wall next week.他下周一定會(huì)去參觀長(zhǎng)城。2. be able to能夠做be able to 與 can 用法與區(qū)別 :1be able to 強(qiáng)調(diào)通過努力而獲得的能力,而can 則強(qiáng)調(diào)自身已具有的能力。eg: She can sing the song in English. 她能用英語唱這首歌。He will be able to sing this song in English in a few minutes, too. 幾小

32、時(shí)之后,他也能用英語唱這首歌。2be able to 強(qiáng)調(diào)一種結(jié)果,而 can 只強(qiáng)調(diào)一種可能。eg:Luckily, he was able to escape from the big fire in the end. 幸運(yùn)的是,他終于逃出了大火。If he got here a few hours earlier, I could save him. 要是他早幾小時(shí)來,我還能救他。3be able to 可以有各種時(shí)態(tài);而 can 只有一般現(xiàn)在和一般過去兩種時(shí)態(tài)。eg: I could help you last night, but you didn昨天晚上我能幫你,而你又沒來。Can

33、 you see it there? 你能看見它在那兒?jiǎn)??He is / was / will be able to help you. 他能幫你的忙 .4can 可用于表示可能性,推測(cè),允許等情況,而be able to 通常不這樣用。3. not any more = no more 不再 .,側(cè)重程度和數(shù)量eg: You can drink no more. = You cant drink any more. 你不能再喝了not any longer = no longer 側(cè)重時(shí)間eg: He no longer lives here. = He doesnt live here a

34、ny longer. 他不住在這里了。三、句型1. there won t be = there will not bethere be 結(jié)構(gòu)的一般將來時(shí)的否定形式,肯定結(jié)構(gòu)為 : there will be.there be 結(jié)構(gòu)的將來時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)也可以用 there is going to be 或 there are going to be.eg: There will be a football match on TV tomorrow. = There is going to be a football match on TVtomorrow. 明天會(huì)有一場(chǎng)電視球賽。2. 句型結(jié)構(gòu) : i

35、t is + adj.+ to do sth.it 是形式主語,真正的主語為動(dòng)詞不定式后置。eg: It was wrong for you not to help her. 你當(dāng)時(shí)不幫助她是錯(cuò)誤的。 (it 代替不定式短語)3. not onlybut also用于連接兩個(gè)表示并列關(guān)系的成分,著重強(qiáng)調(diào)后者,其意為“不僅而且”eg: She not only plays well, but also writes music. 注意:若連接兩個(gè)成分作主語,其謂語通常與靠近的主語保持一致。eg:Not only you but also he has to leave. 不只是你,他也得離開。若

36、連接兩個(gè)句子,not only后面的句子要用倒裝。eg: Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily. 他不僅說得更正確,而且講得更不費(fèi)勁了 。四、語法1. be going to 與 will 的用法區(qū)別(1) be going to 主要用于:1表示事先經(jīng)過考慮、安排要做的事情。eg: What are you going to do after school? 放學(xué)后你打算做什么?2表示根據(jù)前面某種跡象判斷某事很有可能發(fā)生。eg: Look at the clouds. It s goUgB些烏云,可能要下

37、雨了。will ( shall)主要用于:1在書面語中,主語為第一人稱時(shí),常用“shall +動(dòng)詞原形”,口語中所有人稱都可用eg: I ll telephone you after I get home 我到家后給你電話。2will 表示單純的將來概念,表示“將要”,通??捎酶鞣N人稱。eg: It ll soon be Christma 很快就到圣誕節(jié)了。I will see you tomorrow. 明天我去看你。3表示不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移的自然發(fā)展的未來事情,用will。eg: Tom will be sixteen years old next year. Tom 明年就 16 歲了。

38、4問對(duì)方是否愿意做某事和表示客氣的邀請(qǐng)或命令時(shí),常用will??谡Z中常用 wouldwill 。eg: Will you please open the door? 請(qǐng)關(guān)門好嗎?5表示帶“意愿”色彩的將來時(shí),用will。eg: Tom will help me with my English Tom 愿意幫我學(xué)英語。2.“ There be ”句型的一般將來時(shí)肯定句: There will be + 名詞 +其他成份 否定句:在 will 后面加 not.注意:無論后面加單數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)形式, be 都必須用原形。eg: There will be only one country. 以后將只有

39、一個(gè)國(guó)家。There won t be only one country 以后不可能只有一個(gè)國(guó)家。一般疑問句:把 will 提到 there 之前。eg: Will there be only one country? 將來只有一個(gè)國(guó)家么? Yes, there will. / No, there won 注意:在口語中,所有人稱都可以用 will3. be about to 結(jié)構(gòu)表示將來時(shí)eg: Hurry up! Were about to leave. 快點(diǎn),我們要走了。The football match is about to begin in a few minutes. 再過幾分

40、鐘球賽就要開始了。4. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞常與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用,表示在最近將要發(fā)生 某事。這些事是事先安排好的。eg: The Browns are coming to dinner tomorrow.明天布朗夫婦要來吃晚飯。5. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來動(dòng)詞 be;表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞和表示開始,結(jié)束”的動(dòng)詞(如 start, begin, open , finish ,end,close 等)與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用,表示時(shí)間表、節(jié)目單或日程表上 所安排好的動(dòng)作或事態(tài)將要發(fā)生,日程不易改變,口氣肯定。eg: School finishes on Janu

41、ary 18th. 學(xué)期一月十八日結(jié)束。Module 5一、單詞1. take v.拿、采取、穿take 短語:take back收回、接回、退回take down寫下、記下take in收留、包括、理解、欺騙take off脫下、起飛、打折扣take on聘用、雇用、呈現(xiàn)、顯現(xiàn)take up從事、繼續(xù)、占去 (時(shí)間或空間 )2. else adv. 另外,其他,可以用在“ who, where ” 等詞后面。eg: who else will go to the meeting? 還有其他人去參加會(huì)議嗎?what else would you do? 你還要做其他事嗎?注意: else 還可

42、以與不定副詞(如 : something,anybody, anyone, somewhere 等)連用,但是 要放在這些詞之后。eg: Would you like something else to drink?3. way n. 路on the way to+名詞 在去的路上 on the way+副詞eg: I met him on the way to school. 我在去學(xué)校的路上遇見了他。I met him on the way home.我在回家路上遇見了他。n.方式,方法the way to do sth / the way of doing sth 做某事的方法eg: t

43、he way to learn English=the way of learning English 學(xué)習(xí)英語的方法4. 辨析 receive 與 acceptreceive 表示“收到,接到”指客觀上被動(dòng)的,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作,但并不意味著同意接受 accept 是“接到,并同意的意思”,強(qiáng)調(diào)意愿上的結(jié)果。eg: She received his prese nt, but she did n她收到了他 e 的禮物,但是沒有接受。注意:有時(shí)用詞要視語言習(xí)慣而定,而不能簡(jiǎn)單地認(rèn)為receive =收到,accept =接受。接受禮物”說成英語是accept a gift,而接受教育”卻是receive

44、 an educatio n.5. 辨析 few 與 littlea few 一些其后常加可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式, a little 后加不可數(shù)名詞。will 。代替 t.eg: a few apples 一些蘋果a little water in bottle 瓶子里的一點(diǎn)水6. by 用于表示手段,意思是“用,靠,通過”常和交通工具搭配。eg: by air/plane 坐飛機(jī) by train 坐火車 by bus 坐公交車 by car 坐汽車 二、短語1. try on 試穿eg: Try on the shoes before you buy them. 買鞋之前要試穿一下。1try

45、to do sth.努力去做,盡力做”=try one s best to do eg: He tried to climb the tree. 他試著努力爬那棵樹。2try doing sth.指嘗試做.看看, 有何結(jié)果”,暗示在這之前已試過某種方法但不奏效,另試其他方法。eg: If no one answers the door, why not try knocking the back door? 如果沒人應(yīng)門,為什么不 嘗試去敲一下后門。2. 辨析 too much 和 much too1much too 是 too 的強(qiáng)勢(shì)語,用法與 too 相同。eg: You are much

46、 too kind to me. 你對(duì)我實(shí)在太好了。This one is much too big. 這個(gè)確實(shí)太大了。2too much 是 much 的強(qiáng)勢(shì)語,用法與 much 相似。eg: Don t eat too much. 別吃得太多。There s too much water. 水太多了。三、句型1. What can I do for you?=Can I help you?以上兩句都是購物時(shí)候店主用語, 可以翻譯為 “我能為你做點(diǎn)什么?” 或“你想買點(diǎn)什么?”回答時(shí),常用I d like- / I d like to buy/I want to buy”等句子做答語。eg:

47、 -What can I do for you?/Can I help you?- I want to buy a present for my mum.2. It takes sb. Some time to do sth. 表示“花費(fèi)某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間做某事”。eg:It takes me two hours to finish the work.我花了兩個(gè)小時(shí)去完成工作。四、知識(shí)拓展1. 感官系動(dòng)詞感官系動(dòng)詞有 look, sound, smell, taste, feel 等,當(dāng)這幾個(gè)詞用作連系動(dòng)詞的時(shí)候,它們的意 思分別是“看起來”、“聽起來”、“聞起來”、“嘗起來”、“摸起來”,其后直接

48、加形 容詞。eg: You look tired this evening. 今晚你好像很累。The soup tastes delicious. 這湯味道不錯(cuò)。2.“數(shù)詞+名詞+of+物質(zhì)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)常用來表達(dá)物質(zhì)名詞的數(shù)量。若要表示量的復(fù)數(shù)概念時(shí), 把(表計(jì)量的 )名詞改為復(fù)數(shù)形式。注意:當(dāng)“數(shù)詞+名詞+of+物質(zhì)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與(表計(jì)量的)名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)一致。eg: Two glasses of water are on the table. 兩杯水在桌子上。3. 辨析 take, spend, pay 與 cost1spend 的主語必須是人,常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu):(1).spe

49、nd time /money on sth.在上花費(fèi)時(shí)間(金錢)。eg: I spent two hours on this maths problem. 這道數(shù)學(xué)題花了我兩個(gè)小時(shí)。(2) spend time /money (in) doing sth.花費(fèi)時(shí)間(金錢)做某事。eg: They spent two years (in) building this bridge.造這座橋花了他們兩年時(shí)間。(3) spend money for sth. 花錢買.。eg: His money was spent for books. 他的錢用來買書了。2cost 的主語是物或某種活動(dòng),還可以表示

50、“值”,常見用法如下:(1)sth. costs (sb.) +金錢,某物花了(某人)多少錢。eg: A new computer costs a lot of money. 買一臺(tái)新電腦要花一大筆錢。(doing) sth. costs (sb.) +時(shí)間,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少時(shí)間。eg: Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量時(shí)間才記住了這些單詞。注意:cost 的過去式及過去分詞都是cost,并且不能用于被動(dòng)句。3take 后面常跟雙賓語,常見用法有以下幾種:(1) It takes sb. +時(shí)間+

51、to do sth.做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間。eg: It took them three years to build this road.他們用了三年時(shí)間修完了這條路。doing sth. takes sb. + 時(shí)間,做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間。例Repairi ng this car took him the whole after noon. 他花了一下午修車。4. pay 的基本用法是:(1) pay (sb.) money for sth.付錢(給某人)買.eg: I have to pay them 20 pou nds for this room each mon th.我每個(gè)月要

52、付 20 英磅的房租。payfor sth.付.的錢。eg: I have to pay for the book lost.我不得不賠丟失的書款。pay for sb.替某人付錢。eg: Don worry!Ill pay for you.別擔(dān)心,我會(huì)給你付錢的。(4) pay sb.付錢給某人。eg: They pay us every mon th.他們每月給我們報(bào)酬。(5) pay money back 還錢。eg: May I borrow 12 yuan from you? ni pay it back next week.你能借給我 12 塊錢嗎?下周還你。Module 6一、單

53、詞1. 辨析 across 禾口 throughacross 和 through 都可表示“從(一定范圍的)一邊到另一邊”,其區(qū)別在于across 表示某一范圍的表面進(jìn)行某一動(dòng)作。through 表示在某一范圍的內(nèi)部空間進(jìn)行某一動(dòng)作。eg: Be careful when you go across the street.過馬路的時(shí)候小心。It took us two hours to walk through the forest.穿過這片森林花了我兩個(gè)小時(shí)。2. opposite1用作介詞,相當(dāng)于 across from 在.的對(duì)面eg: The post office is opposi

54、te the bank. 由 E 局的對(duì)面是銀行。2opposite 用作名詞,常用于 the opposite of.的反義詞/對(duì)立面eg: Black is the opposite of white.黑與白是相反的。3opposite 用作形容詞,常用于 be opposite to 和.相對(duì),eg: Her house is opposite to mine.4opposite 用作副詞eg: He stood opposite.3. clear adj.晴朗的,清晰的eg: It s a clear day toda 今天天氣晴朗。The river has clear water.

55、河里的水很清澈。v.清理干凈eg: Please clear the table.請(qǐng)把桌子收拾干凈。clearly adv.清晰地eg: Mrs Black speaks English clearly.布萊克先生的英文說得很清晰。4. famous adj.著名的1be famous for 以.出名或著稱”eg: France is famous for its wine. 法國(guó)以其葡萄酒出名2be famous as 作為.出名或著稱”eg: He is famous as a football player.他以一名做球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的身份而著名。短語1. turn left/right 向左

56、 /右轉(zhuǎn)eg: Turn left, and you ll find the hospital. 常見 left/right 搭配:turn left/turn right 向左 /右轉(zhuǎn);on the left/on the right of.在. 的左邊 /右邊;常見 turn 搭配:turn to. 翻到.(頁)turn on打開turn off關(guān)上;2. get off 下車eg: Get off the bus on Central Street.請(qǐng)?jiān)谥行慕值老萝?。反義詞組:get on 上車;此處的 on/off 是介詞,賓語要跟在后面,不能置于中間v.+off 構(gòu)成的短語:take

57、 off 脫掉,起飛 turn off 關(guān)上;keep off 不讓.進(jìn)入;fall off 從. 摔下來have.off 休息.;set off出發(fā),動(dòng)身3. next to 在.的旁邊,緊靠eg: The post office is next to our school.1next to 是介詞短語,后接名詞或代詞2同義詞:beside prep.在. 旁邊 三、知識(shí)拓展1.交通方式的表達(dá)方法:用介詞表示by +交通工具單數(shù)eg: by car/bus/taxi in/on +a/an/the/one s/this/t 等限定詞 + 交通工具eg: in the car/taxi on

58、the bus/ship/plane by +表示交通線路或交通線路所經(jīng)范圍的名詞eg:by land 由陸路 by sea/ by water 由水路 by road 由公路 乘飛機(jī)用動(dòng)詞表示turn up調(diào)高turn down 關(guān)小,調(diào)低turn over 翻身;by rail 由鐵路by air“動(dòng)詞 + to + 地點(diǎn)名詞”或“動(dòng)詞 + 地點(diǎn)副詞” eg: walk /ride/drive/fly/sail to sp.“take a/the + 交通工具單數(shù)”,表示“乘 / 坐eg: I often go to school by bus. ( 同義句 )I often go to

59、school on a bus.I often take the bus to school.2. 方位介詞 用法總結(jié)(1) over, above 和 on 的用法1over 指在的正上方,表示垂直在上。eg: There is a lamp over the desk. 桌子上方有一個(gè)燈泡。2above 指在上方,屬于斜上方。eg: Raise your arms above your head. 把手臂舉到頭上。3on 指在上面,表示兩物體接觸。eg: There is a cup on the table. 桌子上有一個(gè)杯子。(2) under / below 的用法:1under 在

60、.下面/正下方.eg: Whats under your desk? 桌子下面是什么?2below 在斜下方eg:Her skirt came below her knees. 她的裙子跑到了膝蓋上面。(3) in 和 on 表示“在上”1門一類鑲嵌在墻里的,用in,字畫一類掛在墻面上的,用on.2鳥一類落在樹上的,用in;蘋果一類長(zhǎng)在樹上的,用on.(4) in /on/ to 表示方位in 表示在某范圍之內(nèi) ; to 表示在某范圍之外 ; on 表示“鄰”、“接壤”。eg:Shanghailies in the east of China. 上海位于中國(guó)東部。Japan lies to t

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