直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)的巧學(xué)

1、直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)的巧學(xué)（1）歌訣巧記人稱變化：人稱變更怎么辦？“一隨主、二隨賓、三不變”若是自引自的話，聽(tīng)者不變?nèi)朔Q不變。注：“ 一隨主 ”指在直接引語(yǔ)中的第一人稱變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要和主句中的主語(yǔ)在人稱上保持一致。如：he sad， “i am forty ， ” he said that he was forty“二隨賓 ”指直接引語(yǔ)中的第二人稱變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要和主句中的間接賓語(yǔ)保持人稱一致。如： he said， “are you coming tomorrow ？” he asked me if i was coming the next day “ 三不變 ”指直接引語(yǔ)中的第三人稱

2、變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，人稱不變。如： he said， “is she an english teacher？” he asked if she was an english teacher（2）一變二換三變化四連詞：“一變”即改變語(yǔ)序； “二換”即換said 為 asked； “三變化” ，即人稱、時(shí)態(tài)要變化；“四連詞”，即原來(lái)為一般問(wèn)句時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)中用whether 或if，原來(lái)為特殊問(wèn)句時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)中仍用原來(lái)的疑問(wèn)詞。一般疑問(wèn)句和特殊疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)要注意：1）改為陳述句語(yǔ)序。2）人稱代詞、時(shí)態(tài)等也要變化。3）主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為said 時(shí)，換為asked。如： he said, “ can

3、you speak english?” -he asked me if (whether) i could speak english? ”he said, “ how long have you learned chinese? ” -he asked me us how long we had learned chinese?”直接引語(yǔ)為一般疑問(wèn)句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)的口訣是：去掉引號(hào)加if（或 whether） ，陳述語(yǔ)序要記住。時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和狀語(yǔ)，小心變化別馬虎。直接引語(yǔ)是特殊疑問(wèn)句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)的口訣是：直接去引號(hào)，陳述莫忘掉。助動(dòng) do（does ） 、did， 一定要去掉。（3）一改二變

4、三加四去：祈使句變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，根據(jù)說(shuō)話人的語(yǔ)氣分別用tell、ask、order、beg 等作謂語(yǔ)，將原來(lái)的祈使句改為動(dòng)詞不定式。1）said（to）改為 asked（或 told，ordered） ；2）said to 的賓語(yǔ)或呼語(yǔ)變?yōu)閍sked等的賓語(yǔ)；3）在動(dòng)詞原形前加to，使之成為動(dòng)詞不定式；4）去掉 please 。直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)的口訣是口訣：去掉引號(hào)要加to， asked、 ordered 加“告訴”（told） ，直引若為否定句，not 加在 to 前部。直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題（1）將所給直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)，每空一詞：1. “i never eat me

5、at.” he said. he said that _ never _ meat. 2. “ive found my wallet. ” he said to me. he _ me that he _ _ _ wallet. 3. “i took it home with me. ” she said. she said that _ _ _ it home with her. 4. the teacher said, “the sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”the teacher said that the sun _

6、in the east and _ down in the west. 5. “i met her yesterday.” he said to me. he _ me that he _ met the day _. 6. “you must come here before five. ” he said. he said that i _ to go _ before five. 7. “i bought the house 10 years ago.” he said. he said that he _ bought the house 10 years _. 8. “did you

7、 see her last week?” he said. he _ _ i had seen her the week _. 9. he said, “you can sit here, jim.”he _ jim that he _ sit there 10. he asked, “how did you find it, mother?”he asked her mother _ _ _ found it. 11. “where have you been these days?” he asked. he asked me _ _ _been _ days. 12. “do you k

8、now where she lives? ” he asked. he asked _ _ knew where she _. 13. “stop making so much noise, children. ” he said. he _ the children _ _ making so much noise. 14. “don t tell him the news. ” she said. she told me _ _ _ him the news. 15. “are you intested in this? ” he said. he _ _ i was interestd

9、in _. 鞏固練習(xí)：1. our teacher asked us _ our dictionaries to school. a. bring b. brought c. bring d. to bring 2. the teacher told the boy students _ football on the grass. a. not play b. not to play c. played d. playing 3. _ tom didn t go to school? a. do you know how b. why do you know c. how you know

10、why d. do you know why 4. she looks sad. could you please tell me _ that prevents her from being as happy as before? a. what it is b. it is what c. how it is d. it is how 5. betty asked her sister _ to the railway station to see her off. a. not to come b. not to go c. to not come d. to not go 6. the

11、 pupil asked his teacher _ round the earth. a. weather the moon goes b. that the moon went c. whether the moon goes d. whether the moon went 7. mr. li _ wang ling _ a taxi to the airport. a. asked; take b. asked; taking c. told; take d. told; to take 8. she asked him _. a. whose dictionary this is b

12、. whose dictionary that was c. whose dictionary is this d. whose dictionary that is 9. marys mother asked her _. a. that whether she had finished her homework b. if she has finished her homework c. if she had finished her homework d. that if she had finished her homework 10. do you know _? a. what i

13、s he doing b. what he doing c. what he is doing d. what does he do now 11. i dont know _ to learn english. a. when did he begin b. when he began c. he when began d. when he begins 12. he asked me _. a. how would the weather be like tomorrow b. what the weather would be like the next day c. how the w

14、eather would be like tomorrow d. what would the weather be like the next day 13. you cant imagine _ when they received these nice spring festival presents. a. how excited they were b. how excited were they c. how they were excited d. they were how excited 14. she told me that she _ by her relatives

15、at the bus stop. a. had been seen off b. have seen off c. have been seen off d. had seen off 15. do you remember how many times _ to australia? a. had you been b. did you go c. have you been d. you have been 16. can you guess _? a. what is that man b. who that man is c. whom that man is d. who is th

16、at man 17. more and more students and teachers have began to know _. a. how important the foreign language are b. how the foreign language is important c. how important the foreign language is d. how important is the foreign language 18. the hostess said that it _ time that they _ supper. a. was; ha

17、d b. was; had had c. is; have d. is; have had 19. the boss asked his secretary _ he had finished typing the report _. a. if; or not b. if; not c. whether; or not d. whether; not 20. i wonder how much _. a. does he spend on his car b. did he spend on his car c. he spent on his car d. he spent in his car 【參考答案】1. he, ate 2. told, had, found, his 3. she, had, taken 4. rise, goes 5.