人教版九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)第十二單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

1、人教版九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)第十二單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected.1 單詞unexpected by the time backpack oversleep give sb a lift block in line with worker stare disbelief above burn burning alive airplane till west cream workday pie show up bean market by the end of fool costume embarrassed costume party annou

2、nce spaghetti hoax sell out discovery lady cancel officer believable disappear embarrassing本單元語(yǔ)法：過(guò)去完成時(shí)。過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)以前即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Mr. Black told me that he had seen the movie three times. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作。它表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間是“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。 過(guò)去完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)是：肯定由“助動(dòng)詞had(用于各種人稱和數(shù)) + 過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成 否定式：had not + 過(guò)

3、去分詞 縮寫(xiě)形式：hadnt 過(guò)去完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： 表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間可用by, before等構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)。 We had finished our homework before 10 oclock. 可能通過(guò)when, before等引導(dǎo)的從句表示。 When I got there, the train had left. 過(guò)去某一時(shí)間通過(guò)上下文來(lái)表示。 Kate hadnt studied hard, so she didnt pass the exam yesterday. 二1.unexpected adj. 出乎意料的；始料不及的the unexpected “意外的事情”“出乎

4、意料的事”。the adj.表示一類人或事物。the homeless (無(wú)家可歸者) the disabled(殘疾人)the wounded(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中受傷的人)the injured(事故中受傷的人)2. by the time+時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句（1） 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)（表示將來(lái)），主句用將來(lái)完成時(shí)；（2） 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句是一般過(guò)去式時(shí)，主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。by the end of +時(shí)間點(diǎn)（1）+過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；（2）+將來(lái)的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，主句用將來(lái)完成時(shí)；by+時(shí)間點(diǎn)（1）+現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；（2）+過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；（3）+將來(lái)的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，

5、主句用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。By the time you came back, I had finished this book. By the time Jane gets home, her aunt will have left for Beijing.By the end of last year, I had stayed in Xinzheng for seven years.By now, I have finished all my homework.3.oversleep =sleep late v 睡過(guò)頭sleep slept slept oversleepoversleptove

6、rsleptWhat happened ? I _. A. oversleep B. oversleeped C. Overslept4.give sb. a lift =give sb. a ride / give a ride to sb. “捎某人一程”，The poor old woman was standing in the middle of the road and asked someone to _.A. give him a ride B. give her a ride C. enjoy a ride D. accept a ride5.leave 與forget的用法

7、: (1) leave “ 遺留，落下，忘記帶”，側(cè)重指把某物或某人留在某個(gè)地方，后常跟地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)；(2)forget “ 忘記”，側(cè)重指忘記某件事情，后常跟to do (忘了要去做)或doing (忘了做過(guò))。 leave left left v 離開(kāi) (1)leave sth +地點(diǎn) 把某物遺忘在某地 (2)leave for +地點(diǎn) 離開(kāi)去某地 (3) leave a message 留言 ask for leave 請(qǐng)假 leave school (中學(xué)) 畢業(yè) (4)leave one by oneself=leave sb alone 把某人單獨(dú)留下 6.when的特殊用法“這時(shí)，突

8、然”，用于四種結(jié)構(gòu)1)be doing sth.when I was thinking of this when I heard my name called.2)be on the point of doing sth.whenShe was on the point of going out when the telephone rang3)be about to do sth.when We were about to start when it began to rain. 4).sb. had hardly/scarcely/barely done sth. when We had

9、hardly fallen asleep when the bell rang. 另：be about to 忙于；即將做某事。側(cè)重于表示動(dòng)作馬上就要發(fā)生，常與when引導(dǎo)的從句連用，但不與具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 7. be full of = be filled with充滿，裝滿The basket is full of apples.=The basket is filled with apples.8.get back to school 意為“回到學(xué)?！?1)get back to 后接表地點(diǎn)的名詞，意為“回到某地”; 2)get back to 后面接人,可引申為“回復(fù)某人的信件，電

10、子郵件，電話”等 ；3)get back 還可表示“ 回來(lái)，返回，拿回，取回”等含義。9.My alarm clock didnt go off! go off 發(fā)出響聲, (鬧鐘)鬧響 The alarm went off just now. go over 復(fù)習(xí) go away 離開(kāi) go by (時(shí)間)過(guò)去 go for a walk 出去散步 go on 繼續(xù)go fishing/shopping/skating/swimming去釣魚(yú)/去買(mǎi)東西/去溜冰/去游泳10.rush out 沖出去，沖出 wait in line with 意為“與排隊(duì)等候”stand in line 站成一

11、排cut in line 插隊(duì) stare at 凝視 in disbelief 不相信 turn into 變成land on 意為“著陸；降落于”be late for遲到go off發(fā)出響聲keep doing sth 一直做.wake up 醒來(lái)11.even if / even though/ though 三者都可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。Even if =even though“即使、縱然”引出的從句敘述的是假設(shè)或把握很大的事情though“雖然”，引出的從句敘述的是事實(shí)。I will try even if I may fail. Though it was very late, h

12、e went on working. 注 though 和but 不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在句中。12.above 1)prep（表示位置）在正上方；（與 below相對(duì)）The moon is now above the trees.2)prep表示在地位、級(jí)別、能力、資歷、重要性等方面“超過(guò)”He is above me in every way. 3) adv. “在上面; 在上文”。See the examples given above.13.alive, living, live與livelylively1）live “活著的”，通常指物，不指人，常用來(lái)作定語(yǔ)放名詞的前面。還指“實(shí)況

13、轉(zhuǎn)播的”。例如： a live fish 一條活魚(yú)。 Do you like a live show or a recorded show ?   2）living意為“活著”強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)明“尚在人間”，“健在”，可用來(lái)指人或物，作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。例如：.My first teacher is still living . English is a living

14、60;language . A living language should be learned through listening and speaking . He is regarded as one of the best living writers at present .注意：living 前加上 the , 表

15、示類別，指“活著的人們”。例如： The living must finish the work of those dead .  living 還可用于短語(yǔ)，例如：make a living 謀生。 3）alive 意為“活著”，側(cè)重說(shuō)明生與死之間的界限(本來(lái)會(huì)死但沒(méi)有死)，既可指人，也可指物；可用來(lái)作表語(yǔ)，后置定語(yǔ)或賓補(bǔ)。例如： The badly wounded soldier was st

16、ill alive when he was taken to the hospital . He is dead , but his dog is still alive .  He wanted to keep the fish alive . This is a fish alive.4）lively 則意為“活潑的”，“活

17、躍”，“充滿生氣的”，可作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓補(bǔ)，既可指人，又可指物。例如： Jenny is a lively girl . Everything is lively here . 這兒一切都生機(jī)勃勃。 He had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting .  live物定語(yǔ)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的l

18、iving人/物定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)make a living/the livingalive人/物后置定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓補(bǔ)生與死的界限lively人/物定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓補(bǔ)生氣勃勃的,無(wú)活著的意思1). Jin Yong is one of the greatest and oldest writer. He is still .A. living; alive B. living; living C. alive; living D. alive; lively 2).Is his grandmother still ?Yes, she is 102 years old!A. live B. living

19、C. alive D. Lively14.take off 在此句中意為“起飛”，off 在此為副詞表示“離開(kāi)；走開(kāi)”。take off 也有“脫下”之意，此時(shí) off 為介詞，后可直接跟賓語(yǔ)。Take off your coat.It's hot outside.脫下你的外套，外面炎熱。15. The other planes were full so I had to wait till the next day. till 意為“到，直到”，相當(dāng)于until. 用于肯定句時(shí), 主句的動(dòng)詞只用延續(xù)性的，它所表示的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到till或until表示的時(shí)間為止，意為“直到為止”。

20、She watched TV till her mother came back 用于否定句時(shí)，主句的動(dòng)詞一般是非延續(xù)性的，也可以是延續(xù)性的，它所表示的動(dòng)作直到till或until所表示的時(shí)間才發(fā)生，意為“直到（才）”。She didnt watch TV till her mother came back. 16.on April Fools Day 愚人節(jié) make a fool of sb. 愚弄某人17.embarrass v 使尷尬embarrassed adj. 尷尬的(用來(lái)修飾人)embarrassing adj. 令人難堪的（修飾物）18.invite sb. to do st

21、h 邀請(qǐng)某人做某事 invite sb. to +地點(diǎn) 邀請(qǐng)某人去某地19.show up 出席 on show =on display 展覽 show off 炫耀 show sb. around 帶某人參觀show sb. sth=show sth to sb 向某人展示某物20.play tricks on sb. 捉弄某人play jokes on sb.對(duì)某人開(kāi)玩笑 laugh at 嘲笑make fun of 取笑It's impolite to laugh at, stare at or play _on disabled people A. fun B. jokes C

22、. tricks D. parts 21. Many people ran to their local supermarkets to buy buy as much as spaghetti as they could. as +形容詞/副詞的原級(jí)+ as sb. can / could = as + 形容詞/副詞原級(jí)+ as possible. We must do everything as possible. = We must do everything as well as we can. 22.sell out 賣(mài)光 （用物作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) be sold out） g

23、ive out 分發(fā) hand out 分發(fā) work out解答出 run out of 用完 go out 出去 find out 查明 look out 當(dāng)心 take out 拿出23.find out, look for 與 find(1)find out 強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)過(guò)調(diào)查、詢問(wèn)、研究等曲折過(guò)程后才能找出。如： Please find out when the train leaves. (2)look for 意為“尋找”，強(qiáng)調(diào)尋找的過(guò)程。(3) find 意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到”，強(qiáng)調(diào)尋找的結(jié)果。24. end up doing sth.（以）結(jié)束；I must make good use

24、 of my spare time, or I will end up doing nothing.end up as最終成為He started as an employee and ended up as head of the firm.end up sth. 表示“結(jié)束某事”。 The scientist ended up his speech at last.end up with sth. （以）結(jié)束The students began with speaking English, but ended up with speaking Chinese. 25.marry v嫁娶 (

25、1)A marry B. “A 與B結(jié)婚”Bill married Mary on January 1, 1994.(2)A and B get married = A and B are married A和B結(jié)婚get married 結(jié)婚 Kate and Tom get married last year.(3) marry A to B “ 把A 嫁給B” She married her daughter to a rich man.(4) be/get married to sb 與結(jié)婚26.(1)當(dāng)hundred/ thousand/million 前面有具體的數(shù)字時(shí)，用單數(shù)形式

26、(2)當(dāng)hundred/ thousand/million 后與of 連用時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，具體的不加s 也不加of，不具體的加s 也加of27.How do you feel about? = What do you think of?= How do you like? “你怎樣看待?” 用于提問(wèn)對(duì)方對(duì)某事物的觀點(diǎn)28. hear短語(yǔ)hear可用作及物動(dòng)詞，表示“聽(tīng)到”、“聽(tīng)見(jiàn)”，側(cè)重于聽(tīng)的結(jié)果。如： I'm very sorry to hear that.hear后面還可以跟that從句，I hear that you've been here for several yea

27、rs. (2) hear of是指間接地“聽(tīng)到”“聽(tīng)說(shuō)”后接名詞性質(zhì)的詞。如： I have never heard of him before. 我以前從來(lái)沒(méi)有聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)他。 hear of與hear about的意義相近它們含有“聽(tīng)人說(shuō)起”，“從書(shū)報(bào)上看到關(guān)于”等意義 Ive never heard of him. 我從來(lái)沒(méi)有聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)他。 Have you heard about him from anywhere?你從什么地方聽(tīng)到過(guò)他嗎？ (3) hear from指“收到的來(lái)信”其賓語(yǔ)應(yīng)是人，而不是信。如： I often hear from my parents.我經(jīng)常收到父母的來(lái)信。29

28、.get/be dressed 穿衣服wear 穿，戴（強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)）賓語(yǔ)可以是衣帽，也可以是飾物、獎(jiǎng)?wù)碌?。Youd better wear blue or black pants with blown shoes.put on 穿，戴（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作）后接衣服、鞋帽等。I want you to put on this coat and this hat.dress 給穿衣服賓語(yǔ)通常是人，意思是“給穿衣服”。dress oneself 或 get dressed表示給自己穿衣服。Its time to wake up and get dressed!in 后接表示衣服或顏色的詞，著重于服裝的款式或顏色

29、。它所構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)只能作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。He was in a new black coat. The girl in red is my sister.30.keep用法1.keep +形容詞 2.keep+sth/sb +形容詞3.keep +doing 一直做某事4.keep . from doing . 阻止做某事。5.keep a pet 飼養(yǎng)一個(gè)寵物6.How long may I keep this book ？ keep指借。由非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞到延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換： arrivebe here begin(start)be on die be dead come backbe back l

30、eave be away (from) fall ill(sick, asleep)be ill(sick, asleep) get upbe up go outbe out finishbe over put on wear 或be on open be open join be in或 be a member of close be closed go to schoolbe a student borrow keep buy/get have catch(a cold) have(a cold) get to know know begin to studystudy come to w

31、orkworkmove to live in finish/end be over come to be in sit down be seated marry be married dress be dressedHe has been a soldier for three years. 他參軍三年了。 His father has been dead for two years. 他父親去世二年了。 The film has been on for ten minutes. 電影已開(kāi)始十分鐘了。We have studied English for three years. 我們（開(kāi)始）

32、學(xué)英語(yǔ)已三年了。How long can I keep this book? 這本書(shū)我可以借多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？必背短語(yǔ)1. be full of 充滿了 the unexpected 出乎意料的事 2. by the time到.時(shí)候 3. get up 起床4.take a shower / get in the shower 洗澡 5.be 5 minutes late for 遲到5分鐘6.in the backpack 在書(shū)包 / 背包里7. get back to school 回到學(xué)校8. start teaching 開(kāi)始上課(3)9. keep doing sth 一直 / 堅(jiān)持做某事

33、10. go off（鬧鐘）發(fā)出響聲11.wake up 醒來(lái) 12. rush out 沖出去13. brush ones teeth刷牙 14. wash ones face 洗臉 15. give sb a lift 捎某人一程16. at least (反義： at most 最多）至少17. find a job 找到一個(gè)工作18. at the World Trade Center 在世貿(mào)中心19. arrive at +小地點(diǎn)/ arrive in+大地點(diǎn) = get to sp. = reach sp. 到達(dá)某地(特殊點(diǎn)here/there/home/abroad) 20. b

34、e about to do sth即將做某事（一般不接具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)， 表馬上要發(fā)生）21.even though= even if 即使；盡管 22. wait in line 排隊(duì)等候 23. What is going on 發(fā)生什么(同義句) 24. stare at sb凝視某人25.in disbelief難以置信地26. feel lucky to do sth 做某事感到很幸運(yùn) 27. be alive 活著的 28. jump out of 跳出29. go straight to sp . 直接到某地30. take off （飛機(jī)）起飛；脫下 31. hear about

35、 聽(tīng)說(shuō) 32.turn into/change into變成turn A into B 把A變成B 33.show up 露面,趕到 34. get to the airport 到達(dá)飛機(jī)場(chǎng) 35. get a chance to say goodbye 得到一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)說(shuō)再見(jiàn) 36.forget to do sth.忘記要做某事forget doing sth. 忘記做過(guò)某事 37. leave sp. 離開(kāi)某地 leave for sp. 動(dòng)身去某地 38. a costume party一個(gè)化妝舞會(huì)39.get dressed 穿衣服 40. stay up 熬夜41. invite sb.

36、 to sp.邀請(qǐng)某人到某地 invite sb. to do sth. 邀請(qǐng)某人做某事 42. be embarrassed（主語(yǔ)是人） 很尷尬的 be embarrassing （主語(yǔ)是物） 很尷尬的43. all night 整夜 44. take place 發(fā)生45. play a joke on sb.跟某人開(kāi)玩笑 46. play a trick on sb捉弄某人47. Sth happens to sb.某人發(fā)生某事(三組句型) 48. sell out賣(mài)光 49. as . as sb can= as. as possible 盡可能.地 50. lose weight減肥

37、51.end up doing sth結(jié)束做某事 end up with sth. 以某事結(jié)束 end up sth.結(jié)束某事 52. get married to sb. 與某人結(jié)婚（表短暫動(dòng)詞） be married to sb.與某人結(jié)婚(表狀態(tài)）53. move across 穿越 54. run away 逃離run away from sp. 從某地逃離55. the luckiest day最幸運(yùn)的一天56in the middle of the road在路中間57.lead to 通向；導(dǎo)致 58. cancel a plan 取消一個(gè)計(jì)劃 59. miss doing sth. 錯(cuò)過(guò)做某事60. a bowl of.一碗.61. leave my backpack at home 把背包忘在家里62. miss both events錯(cuò)過(guò)兩個(gè)事件63. raise above the burning building 從正在燃燒的樓上升起64. collect the math homework收數(shù)學(xué)作業(yè)