總用水量的估算

1、課程設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算書目錄1 總用水量的估算 .31.1 辦公樓最大時(shí)用水量 . 31.2 餐飲部最大使用水量 . 41.3 小餐廳人數(shù)計(jì)算 .42. 衛(wèi)生間給水系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算.42.1 設(shè)計(jì)秒流量計(jì)算 .42.2 管網(wǎng)水力計(jì)算 .53. 衛(wèi)生間排水系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算.73.1 排水設(shè)計(jì)秒流量 .73.2 排水管網(wǎng)水力計(jì)算 .74. 雨水管網(wǎng)水力計(jì)算 .95. 化糞池的設(shè)計(jì) .96. 隔油池的設(shè)計(jì) .101 總用水量的估算：本設(shè)計(jì)建筑物為辦公樓， 不考慮消防，其內(nèi)給水只包括生活用水量。根據(jù)建筑物的性質(zhì)及室內(nèi)用水情況計(jì)算用水量：1.1 辦公樓最大時(shí)用水量：根據(jù)具體圖紙，測(cè)量得到辦公樓有效面積為22533m，經(jīng)過

2、查表，每位員工占用面積按照人/72ma計(jì)算，生活用水量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（最高日）為dl /40，取時(shí)變化系數(shù)hk為 1.3dl /：辦公樓人數(shù)：)(321722531人aaan辦公樓最大時(shí)用水量：)/(1284040321111dlqnqdd)/(58.036008128403.13 .1111sltqqkqdphh1.2 餐飲部最大使用水量：經(jīng)過查表，小餐廳指標(biāo)按照12/3.3座m， 食堂指標(biāo)按照12/5.1座m，生活用水量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（最高日）為dl /25，t 則按工作 8 小時(shí)計(jì)算，取時(shí)變化系數(shù)hk為 1.3dl /，1.3 小餐廳人數(shù)計(jì)算：)(593.3033.182人n食堂人數(shù)計(jì)算：)(2885.13

3、5.1923人n餐廳最大時(shí)用水量：)/(867525)59288()(2322dlqnnqdd)/(39.03600886753.13 .1222sltqqkqdphh此建筑最大時(shí)用水量為：)/(97.039.058.021slqqqhhh2.衛(wèi)生間給水系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算2.1 設(shè)計(jì)秒流量計(jì)算根據(jù)軸測(cè)圖， 確定最不利點(diǎn)的位置是三樓的洗臉盆，顧計(jì)算管路為0、1、2、31。該建筑為辦公樓，取 1.5，設(shè)計(jì)秒流量計(jì)算公式為：ggnq2.0gq：計(jì)算管段的給水設(shè)計(jì)秒流量，l/s；gn：計(jì)算管段的衛(wèi)生器具給水當(dāng)量總數(shù)；2.2 管網(wǎng)水力計(jì)算根據(jù)草圖， 將各計(jì)算管段長(zhǎng)度列于水力計(jì)算表中。根據(jù)各管段的設(shè)計(jì)秒流量和流

4、速， 查水力計(jì)算表， 確定各管段的直徑和計(jì)算管路的沿程水頭損失。表2.1給水管網(wǎng)水力計(jì)算計(jì)算管段編號(hào)當(dāng)量總數(shù)ng設(shè)計(jì)秒流量qg(l/s)管徑dn（mm）計(jì)算內(nèi)徑dj流速v（m/s）每米管長(zhǎng)沿程水頭損失i（kpa/m）管段長(zhǎng)度 l（m ）管段沿程水頭損失hy=il管段沿程水頭損失累計(jì)hy（kpa）確定設(shè)計(jì)秒流量010.750.261515.750.7701.0620.8670.9210.9210.15141.50.372021.250.8460.8902.0891.8602.7810.30230.750.261515.750.7701.0620.7510.7983.5790.15341.50.3

5、72021.250.8460.8902.0891.8605.4390.304530.522527.000.9080.7661.2160.9326.3710.525660.733235.750.7320.3711.0070.3736.7450.736770.793235.750.7910.4280.90.3857.1290.797880.853235.750.8450.4840.8950.4337.5630.858990.903235.750.8970.5400.8990.4858.0480.90914100.953235.750.9450.5954.5022.67810.7260.951011

6、0.50.212021.250.2820.1170.9030.10510.8310.10111210.302021.250.5640.4210.9350.39311.2240.2012131.50.372021.250.8460.8900.90.80112.0260.30131420.422527.000.6990.4720.6330.29912.3250.401415121.043235.751.0350.7043.92.74615.0711.041529241.474041.001.1130.6861.30.89215.9631.473029211.374041.001.0410.6065

7、5.89233.88549.8481.372916452.015053.000.9120.3513.21.12550.9722.0117180.750.261515.750.7701.0620.8670.92151.8930.1518211.50.372021.250.8460.8902.0891.86053.7530.3019200.750.261515.750.7701.0620.7510.79854.5510.1520211.50.372021.250.8460.8902.0891.86056.4110.30212230.522527.000.9080.7661.2160.93257.3

8、430.52222360.733235.750.7320.3711.0070.37357.7170.73232470.793235.750.7910.4280.90.38558.1020.79242580.853235.750.8450.4841.1250.54458.6460.8525269.50.923235.750.9210.5670.6240.35459.0000.92261610.50.973235.750.9680.6224.5022.80261.8020.9727280.50.212021.250.2820.1170.9030.10561.9070.10281610.302021

9、.500.5510.3970.9350.37162.2790.20163156.52.255053.001.0220.43420.86863.1462.25計(jì)算局部水頭損失kpahhyj94.18146.633.0%30計(jì)算管路的水頭損失kpahhhjy09.8294.18146.63)(2水表的水頭損失表2.2水表水頭損失允許值)(kpa表型正常用水時(shí)消防用水時(shí)旋翼式24.549.0螺翼式12.831,16q，過載量為20hm /3。所以總水表的水頭損失為:kpakqhbgd40.16100201.8222計(jì)算給水系統(tǒng)的所需壓力 h：mpahhhhh24.05040.1609.821087.

10、84321mpa3.025.0所以此建筑物不必設(shè)水箱水泵。3.衛(wèi)生間排水系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算本建筑排水系統(tǒng)采用污廢分流， 污水立管排出室外后先進(jìn)入檢查井然后進(jìn)入化糞池， 停留一段時(shí)間后再排入市政排水系統(tǒng)，廢水立管排出室外后可直接進(jìn)入市政排水系統(tǒng)。3.1 排水設(shè)計(jì)秒流量該建筑物為辦公樓， 屬于建筑用水設(shè)備不集中，用水時(shí)間長(zhǎng)， 同時(shí)排水百分?jǐn)?shù)隨衛(wèi)生器具數(shù)量增加而減少，其設(shè)計(jì)秒流量計(jì)算公式為：max12.0qnqpp式中 qp計(jì)算管段排水設(shè)計(jì)秒流量（l/s） ；np計(jì)算管段的衛(wèi)生器具排水當(dāng)量總數(shù)；根據(jù)建筑物性質(zhì)用途而定的系數(shù)，取2.0；qmax計(jì)算管段上最大一個(gè)衛(wèi)生器具的排水流量（l/s） 。3.2 排水管

11、網(wǎng)水力計(jì)算根據(jù)給排水計(jì)算圖，標(biāo)出各節(jié)點(diǎn)，計(jì)算表格如下：表 3.1 排水管網(wǎng)水力計(jì)算wl-2 各層橫支管、立管、排出管水力計(jì)算管段編衛(wèi)生器具名稱數(shù)量排水當(dāng)量總設(shè)計(jì)秒流量管徑 de坡度 i號(hào)數(shù) npqp（l/s ）（mm ）大便器小便器np=6np=0.30110.30.10500.0261220.60.20500.0262330.90.30500.0263741.20.40500.026452122.831100.026564243.181100.026676363.441100.026788449.23.681100.0268916898.42.711100.026wl-1 一層橫支管、排出管

12、水力計(jì)算101110.30.10500.026111420.60.20500.02612132122.201100.02613144243.181100.02614156236.63.451100.026fl-1各層橫支管、立管、排出管水力計(jì)算管段編號(hào)衛(wèi)生器具名稱數(shù)量排水當(dāng)量總數(shù) np設(shè)計(jì)秒流量qp（l/s ）管徑 de（mm ）坡度 i污水盆洗手盆np=1.0np=0.31617110.33500.0261718220.66500.0261819212.30.76500.0261920222.60.86500.0262021445.20.88500.026fl-2各層橫支管、立管、排出管水力

13、計(jì)算2223110.33500.0262324220.66500.0262425440.81500.026fl-3一層橫支管、排出管水力計(jì)算262710.30.10500.026273020.60.20500.026282910.30.10500.026293020.60.20500.026303141.20.36500.0263132243.20.76500.0263233263.80.80500.0264.雨水管網(wǎng)水力計(jì)算根據(jù)頂層平面圖，計(jì)算匯水面積：23.2801248.6061.3147.32048.6061.3147.32058.3007mf本建筑處椒江地區(qū)，用當(dāng)?shù)乇┯陱?qiáng)度公式：)1

14、0/(449)952.115()10(136.6925.9167)952.11()(136.6925.916724631. 0631. 05msllogtplogq雨水量計(jì)算：slfqq/2 .113100004493.28019.0100005hmmh/75.4036.02.1135選用 87 式雨水斗，采用密閉式排水系統(tǒng)，設(shè)計(jì)該建筑雨水內(nèi)排水系統(tǒng)。5.化糞池的設(shè)計(jì)已知條件： n設(shè)計(jì)總?cè)藬?shù)， 321+59+288=668 （人）使用衛(wèi)生器具人數(shù)占總?cè)藬?shù)的百分比，與人們?cè)诮ㄖＡ魰r(shí)間有關(guān)，本建筑為辦公樓取40% ；q每人每日污水量， 生活污水單獨(dú)排放， 取 30l/ （人d） ；a每人每日污泥

15、量， 生活污水單獨(dú)排放， 取 0.4l （人d） ；t 污水在化糞池內(nèi)停留時(shí)間，取24h；t污泥清掏周期，采用180d；b新鮮污泥含水率，取95% ；c污泥發(fā)酵濃縮后的含水率，取90% ；k污泥發(fā)酵后體積縮減系數(shù)，取0.8；m 清掏污泥后遺留的熟污泥量容積系數(shù)，取1.2.計(jì)算化糞池有效容積：32125.171000%)901(2.18.0%)951(1804 .0668%401000242430668%401000)1 ()1(100024mcmkbtantqnvvv查圖集 02s701磚砌化糞池選用型號(hào)為z720q的有覆土，可過汽車化糞池。6.隔油池的設(shè)計(jì)本建筑物中有公共食堂等餐飲業(yè)， 它們排放的的廢水中含有植物和動(dòng)物油脂。 據(jù)調(diào)查，含油量超過400mg/l的污水進(jìn)入排水管道后，隨著水溫的下降，污水中夾帶的油脂顆粒開始凝固，并粘附在管壁上，使管道過水?dāng)嗝鏈p小，最后完全阻塞管道。所以要設(shè)置隔油池。3max738.01000123.06060mtqv2max308.0004.000123.0mvqamavl4.23