牛津初中英語語法匯總

1、牛津初中英語語法匯總1. 名詞2. 代詞3. 數(shù)詞4. 介詞和介詞短語5. 連詞 6. 形容詞（比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)） 7. 副詞（比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)） 8. 冠詞9. 動(dòng)詞（ , 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞） 10. 時(shí)態(tài) : 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般過去時(shí) 一般將來時(shí) 過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 過去將 來時(shí) 過去完成時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 11. 被動(dòng)語態(tài)12. 非謂語動(dòng)詞：動(dòng)詞不定式 13. 主從復(fù)合句 賓語從句狀語從句（ if ， unless， although ， so that ）定語從句（ who ， that， which ） 14. 直接引語與間接引語牛津初中英語語法歸納7A Unit 1一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（is /am/ar

2、e, do / does）的肯定、否定和疑問形式。例：My hair is Iong.Cats eat fish.He goes to schooI on foot every day.7A Unit 21 人 稱 代 詞 主 格 ： I , you , he, she, it, we, they. 在 句 中 作 主語。 例： We/ I / You/ They have Iunch at schooI. He / She/ It Iooks at me. 2 人稱代詞 賓格 ： me, you, him, her, it, us, them 在句中作賓語。 例： The teacher o

3、ften heIps us / me/ him/ her/ them.7A Unit 3時(shí)間介詞 at, on, in疑問詞： what, which, who, whose, when, where, why, how some, any 的用法7A Unit 4頻率副詞 never, seIdom, sometimes, often, usuaIIy, aIways There be 結(jié)構(gòu)表示“某個(gè)地方客觀存在” 。7A Unit 5現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) is/ am/are + doing 表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 .7A Unit 6can , may 表示“允許、可以” 。順序副詞： first,

4、then, next, afterwards, finaIIy.7B Unit 1方位 介 詞 ： in front of, between, next to, between, opposite, on 基 數(shù)詞 ： one, two, three, four, , 序 數(shù)詞 ： first, second, third, fourth , .7B Unit 2how much, how many. 表示 “多 少”， 前者跟 不可數(shù) 名詞，后者跟 可數(shù)名 詞的 復(fù) 數(shù)。 名詞所有格 : MiIIie ' s home, The two students ' homes 形

5、容 詞 性 物 主 代 詞 ： my, your, his , her, our, their, its名 詞 性 物 主 代 詞 ：mine, yours, his, her, ours, theirs, its , 4.定冠詞the的用法：獨(dú)一無二的，前文已提到過的。7B Unit 3動(dòng)作介詞： across, aIong, through, over, to, up, down, round, from一般將來時(shí)： wiII + 動(dòng)詞原形， shaII + 動(dòng)詞原形（但只能用于 we/ I 第一人稱）is/ am/ are going to + 動(dòng)詞原形7B Unit 4一般過去時(shí)的肯定

6、、否定和疑問形式。 be 動(dòng)詞的過去式： was/ were do （實(shí)義動(dòng)詞）的過去式分規(guī)則和不規(guī)則兩類。7B Unit 5 用 can/ couId 表示“能力” “會(huì)”。I can speak EngIish. I couId swim when I was young. 用 can/ couId 表示“可能” “可能性” 。I am free. I can heIp you. At that time, anything couId happen. 感嘆句 What a good girI! What bad weather! How nice it is!7B Unit 6祈使句的肯

7、定形式和否定形式：Walk the dog at 7:00. （Please） don' t chase the cat.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 should, ought to & must 的用法should （應(yīng)該 ” shouldn' t（不應(yīng)該），ought to（應(yīng)該” ought not to （不應(yīng)該）,must （必須” mustn ' t （不可以，不允許）8A Unit 11. 描述性形容詞，如如: short, long, round, interesting,funny, slim, important, beautiful 等。2.形容詞的比較級(jí)和

8、最高級(jí)規(guī)則的 bigger / the biggest more important/ the most important 不規(guī)則的 worse / the worst表示"比較”的句式：as +形容詞+as "和。一樣”not as / so +形容詞+ as"。不如。”8A Unit 2比較兩者間的數(shù)量用以下句式:more,.than, fewer,.than., less, than 例: I have more / fewer apples than you. （后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞 ）I have more / less free time than he/

9、him. （ 后 跟 不 可 數(shù) 名 詞 ）2 . 比 較 兩 者 以 上 間 的 數(shù) 量用 the most, the fewest, the least. 例: Amy scored the most/ fewest points of all. Daniel has the least money of the three. 3.用 like & alike 來比較。例:My skirt is / looks like hers. = My skirt and hers are alike. 4. 用詞組 the same as & be different from 來

10、比較8A Unit 31. and, but, or（或者）的用法。2. 動(dòng) 詞 + to do 這 些 動(dòng) 詞 有 : plan, agree, want, decide, choose, hope, learn, prepare 等 。3 . 反 身 代 詞 :myself, yourself, yourselves, ourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves8A Unit 4由 if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句1. 用來描述可能出現(xiàn)的情況，主句時(shí)態(tài)用將來時(shí)，如:If it doesn' t rain tomorrow, we will

11、 go to the park.2. 用來描述反復(fù)的、可預(yù)見的情況，主句時(shí)態(tài)用一般時(shí)。如:If tigers are hungry, they attack people.8A Unit 51. 用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示“將來”。 如: The train leaves at 9:00. 2. 用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示“將來”， 如:We are leaving for Shanghai this evening. 3 . 方 式 副 詞 : quietly, gently, easily, well , 往 往 由 形 容 詞 +ly 變 成 副 詞 ， 如口： quiet - quietly, easy

12、easily, possible - possibly 少數(shù)副詞和形容詞同形，如： fast, early, long 等。 注意： good well, nearnearly , hard - hardly8A Unit 61.表示原因的連詞：because , as, sin ce.這些詞放在原因從句之前，主句不能再用 so.） 2.表示命令、請(qǐng)求、建議的句式：tell / ask / order /advise / warn sb. （not） to do sth.8B Unit 1 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 結(jié)構(gòu)： have / has + PP 表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去但對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響。 肯定、否定和疑

13、問形式 常用的一些時(shí)間狀語，如： already, ever, for, since, just, never, yet 等。for + 一段時(shí)間， since + 過去的一點(diǎn)時(shí)間/ 用過去式的從句， 相對(duì)應(yīng)的主句動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞， 如：leave - be away, die - be dead, borrow - keep, buy have, come -be here, join - - be in/ be a member of 等 。 如： He has left already.He has been away for two hours.8B Unit 21. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí) w

14、as / were + doing 表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的 。 2. 肯定、否定和疑問形式 .3. while 和 when 在過去進(jìn)行時(shí)中的用法： 進(jìn)行時(shí) + while + 進(jìn)行時(shí)過去式， while + 進(jìn)行時(shí) = when + 過去式，進(jìn)行時(shí)例： I was doing my homework while my father was watching TV .The bell rang while he was reading books.When the bell rang, he was reading books. （ 以上這兩句主從句前后可以互換 ）8B Unit 3 被動(dòng)

15、語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)： be + PP 時(shí)態(tài)變化都只改變 be 的各種形式 肯定、否定和疑問形式2 / 4不是所有的動(dòng)詞都有被動(dòng)形式，如感覺動(dòng)詞: feel, smell, look, taste, sound 和 happen, take place 等。主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義，如 : This shirt sells well. （詳細(xì)見課件復(fù)習(xí)）8B Unit 4because, because of, so的用法。because +從句， because of +短語 （but: what you said）, 兩者后都跟原因。 so 后跟結(jié)果的從句。同一句子中，不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn) because/ bec

16、ause of和 so. 2. hope & wish 的用法hope所希望的是有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的，但wish所希望的是現(xiàn)在不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的。女口： I hope you can come to my party.I wish I were the President.3.主語hope to do sth.,主語hope其他人做某事，要跟從句。wish可用來向某人祝福，如如: I wish you a happy new year!8B Unit 5賓語從句 （陳述句、一般疑問句、特殊疑問句 ） used to & be used to 的用法used to do 意思為：過去常常，過去

17、曾。如：He used to be a teacher. He used to get up early.be used to doing / sth.意思為：習(xí)慣于做某事，如：He is used to the bad weather. He is used to gett ing up early.8B Unit 6三個(gè)句型結(jié)構(gòu)：It's +形容詞 + that 從句，如： It is necessary that we help the elderly. It's + 形容詞 + to do sth.， 如It'usseful to learn English w

18、ell.It' s +形容詞 + for sb （not）. to do sth. ，如：It 'nsecessary for us to protect the environment.9A Unit 11. 句式： It is +形容詞（性格） +of sb.+ （not） to do sth. 如： It's kind of you to help me.2. 句式： 主語 + be +形容詞 +enough + to do sth.如： They are patient enough to wait for me for 2 hours.3. 句子的不同成分：主

19、語、謂語、表語、賓語、定語、狀語。9A Unit 2固定結(jié)構(gòu)： would rather, than, 寧愿。也不愿。 如： On such a rainy day, I would rather stay at home than go out. 固定結(jié) 構(gòu)： prefer, to, 寧愿。不愿。， 比起。更喜歡。 如： I prefer red to blue.On such a rainy day, I prefer staying at home to going out.不定代詞： someone /somebody, anyone / anybody, no one / nobod

20、ysomething, anything, nothing, none 作主語時(shí)為單數(shù)，形容詞后置。9A Unit 31. 疑問詞 + to do如： I don't know how to do it./ what to do. We haven 't decided when to have the meeting. 2 .句子種類：陳述句、疑 問句、祈使句、感嘆句。 3. 賓語補(bǔ)足語。 如： We find him a good boy / good. 4. 5 種句子結(jié)構(gòu) 主語+ 謂 語 Millie is reading.主語+ 謂語+ 賓語 Millie is re

21、ading a book.主語+ 謂語+ 表語 Millie is here.主語 + 謂語間接賓語直接賓語 We gave him a book.主語 + 謂語 + 賓語 + 賓補(bǔ) We call him Tom.9A Unit 41. 介詞短語： between,. and,., from,. to,. 2. 連詞： before, after, until / not, until3. 連詞： while & asWhile + 進(jìn)行時(shí)，進(jìn)行時(shí) while / as + 進(jìn)行時(shí)， 非進(jìn)行時(shí)（短暫性動(dòng)詞）As + 非進(jìn)行時(shí)（短暫性動(dòng)詞） ，非進(jìn)行時(shí)（短暫性動(dòng)詞）9A Unit 51

22、. 過去完成時(shí)had + PP（過去分詞）2. 用 should, ought to, had better, have to, must 表示建議。否定形式： ought not to had better not, don't have to / needn't 3. 用 why not, why don 't you, perhaps 來表示建議，要3 / 4放在句首。9A Unit 61易混淆的單詞： bring /take, hear/ listen, see/ look/ watch, come / go 2 有時(shí)態(tài)變化的間接引語。 時(shí)間狀語的變化 （P 1

23、03）疑問句變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，要注意疑問語序要變?yōu)殛愂稣Z序、句尾標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)。9B Unit 11. 用 can / could, may / might 來表示允許。四單詞正式語氣遞增。2. that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。3If / whether 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。 9B Unit 21由疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。2 i n order to do & as a result3. need to do , need 有時(shí)態(tài)變化，否定形式要用助動(dòng)詞 do. does, did牛津初中英語不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞匯總現(xiàn)在式（動(dòng)詞原形） 過去式 過去分詞 am, is was been are were beenbe

24、come became become begin began begun break broke broken bring brought brought build built builtburn burned / burnt burned / burnt buy bought bought can could - catch caught caught choose chose chosen come cam e come cost cost costcut cut cutdig dug dugdo, does did done draw drew drawndream dreamed /

25、 dreamt dreamed / dreamt drink drank drunk drive drove driven eat ate eaten fall fell fallen feel felt f elt fight fought fought find found found fly flew flownforget forgot forgotten forgive forgave forgiven get got got give gave given go went gone grow grew grown has, hav e had had hear heard heard hide hid hidden hit hit hithold held held hurt hurt hurt keep kept kept know knew knownlay laid laidlearn learned