虛擬語(yǔ)氣 (2)ppt課件

1、Subjective Mood虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣1;.2在條件從句中的用法1） 概念 虛擬語(yǔ)氣用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人的主觀愿望或假想，所說(shuō)的是一個(gè)條件，不一定是事實(shí)，或與事實(shí)相反。2） 在條件句中的應(yīng)用 條件句可分為兩類，一類為真實(shí)條件句，一類為非真實(shí)條件句。非真實(shí)條件句表示的是假設(shè)的或?qū)嶋H可能性不大的情況，故采用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。3真實(shí)條件句l 真實(shí)條件句用于陳述語(yǔ)氣，假設(shè)的情況可能發(fā)生，其中 if 是如果的意思。l 句型： 條件從句 主句 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) shall/will + 動(dòng)詞原形If he comes, he will bring his violin.l 典型例題The volleyball mat

2、ch will be put off if it _.A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained答案B。真實(shí)條件句主句為將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。l 注意：1） 在真實(shí)條件句中，主句不能用be going to表示將來(lái)，該用shall, will.(錯(cuò)) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.(對(duì)) If you leave now, you will never regret it.2） 表示真理時(shí)，主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞便不用shall (will) +動(dòng)詞原形，而直接用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的動(dòng)詞形式

3、。4非真實(shí)條件句條件從句結(jié)果主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反If + 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式（動(dòng)詞be的過(guò)去式用were）would should could +動(dòng)詞原形 might與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反If + 過(guò)去完成式（had done）would shouldcould +have donemight與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式If + should + 動(dòng)詞原形 were to + 動(dòng)詞原形would shouldcould +動(dòng)詞原形might51.與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反條件從句: did / were 主句: would/should/could/might + doIf they were here, they woul

4、d help you. If we had time, we would go with you.如果我是你，我會(huì)申請(qǐng)那份工作的。 If I were you , I would apply for the job.即使我有錢，也不會(huì)買它。 Even if I had the money , I wouldnt buy it.要是你知道誰(shuí)打破了玻璃，你會(huì)怎么辦？ What would you do if you knew who broke the glass?62.與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反條件條件從句從句: :had donehad done 主句主句: would: would/should/cou

5、ld/might +have done/should/could/might +have doneIf she had worked had worked harder, she would have succeededwould have succeeded. If he had come had come yesterday, I would have told would have told him about it.如果當(dāng)時(shí)聽了你的話，我就不會(huì)犯這樣的錯(cuò)誤了。 If I had takenhad taken you advice , I wouldnt have made wouldn

6、t have made such a mistake.如果我再認(rèn)真一點(diǎn)的話，我可以做的更好。 I could have done could have done it better if I hadhad beenbeen more careful.如果他沒(méi)生病，他昨晚可能回來(lái)的。 If he hadnhadn t t beenbeen ill, he mightmight havehave comecome last night.73.與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反條件從句:did(were)/should do/were to do 主句: would/should/could/might + doIf

7、you succeeded/should succeed/were to succeed, everything would be all right.如果明天下雨，我會(huì)待在家里。 If it rained tomorrow , I would stay at home.要是我來(lái)做這件事，我會(huì)用另一種方法。 If I were to do it , I would do it in another way.84.錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，有時(shí)條件從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間和主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間是不一致的，稱為錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句。這種句子的形式往往要根據(jù)句子的時(shí)間相調(diào)整，分別處理。If you had as

8、ked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.If you had followed the doctors advice then, you would be all right now.注：時(shí)間有時(shí)會(huì)省略94.虛擬條件句的倒裝從句部分如果含有were, should,或had, 可將if省略，再把were, should或had 移到從句句首，實(shí)行倒裝。Were they here now, they could help us. =If they were here now, they could help us.Had you com

9、e earlier, you would have met him=If you had come earlier, you would have met him.典型例題_ to do the work, I should do it some other day.A. If were I B. I wereC. Were ID. Was I 答案C. 10特殊的虛擬語(yǔ)氣詞：should1） It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用should 加動(dòng)詞原形， should 可省略。(1)suggested, order

10、ed, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted； + (should) do (2)important, necessary, natural, strange,essential ,urgent,advisable,right,vital,a pity , a shame , no wonder(3)It is suggested that we (should) hold a meeting next week. It is necessary that he (should) come to our meeting tomorr

11、ow.11特殊的虛擬語(yǔ)氣詞：should2）在賓語(yǔ)從句中的應(yīng)用在表示命令、建議、要求等一類動(dòng)詞后面的從句中。order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist + (should) do I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week.He insisted that he (should ) be sent there. 12特殊的虛擬語(yǔ)氣詞：should注意： 如suggest, insist不表示建議 或堅(jiān)持要某人做某事時(shí)，即它們用于其

12、本意暗示、表明、堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣。The guard at gate insisted that everybody obey the rules.判斷改錯(cuò):You pale face suggests that you (should) be ill. Your pale face suggests that you are ill. I insisted that you ( should) be wrong. I insisted that you were wrong. 13特殊的虛擬語(yǔ)氣詞：should3）在表語(yǔ)從句，同位語(yǔ)從句中的應(yīng)用在suggestion, prop

13、osal, idea, plan, order, advice等名詞后面的表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即（should）+動(dòng)詞原形。 My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference. I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week. 14wish 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 did/wereWish + 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反 had done 與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反 would/could/should/might doI wish I were a

14、bird.I wish I would go to France some day.I wish I hadnt told him that yesterday.我希望和你一樣高。 I wish I were as tall as you.我希望明天下雨就好了。 I wish it would rain tomorrow. 15It is (high) time thatIt is (high/about) time that 后面的從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去式或用should加動(dòng)詞原形，但should不可省略。It is time that the children went to bed.It

15、is time (that) we had breakfast. It is high time that the children should go to bed.16翻譯練習(xí)1.If he had known this would happen, （他當(dāng)初也許會(huì)以不同方式行事）.2.If I had remembered to close the window, （小偷就不會(huì)進(jìn)來(lái)）.3.I suggested he _ （使自己適應(yīng)） his new conditions.4. If you had_ ( 聽從了我的勸告，你就不會(huì)陷入麻煩）5. It is suggested that the air conditioner _（要安裝在窗戶旁邊）17翻譯練