初中英語定語從句講解練習(xí)與答案

1、中學(xué)英語定語從句講解練習(xí)一、中學(xué)英語重點詞匯1. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little1many 修飾可數(shù)名詞，much 修飾不行數(shù)名詞；都表示很多；例如：he has many books. 他有很多書；he drank much milk. 他喝了很多牛奶；2a few 和 a little 都表示 "有一點兒 "，側(cè)重于確定，相當于"some"，但 a few 修飾可數(shù)名詞，a little 修飾不行數(shù)名詞，例如：he has a few friends in london. 他在倫敦有一些伴侶；woul

2、d you like some coffee. yes, just a little.喝點咖啡好嗎？好的，只要一點；3few 和 little 表示 " 幾乎沒有 "，側(cè)重否定；few 后接可數(shù)名詞，little 后接不行數(shù)名詞；例如：he is a strange man. he has few words. 他是個怪人，他幾乎不說什么話；hurry up, there is little time left.趕快，沒什么時間了；2. seem/ look(1) seem 一般著重于以客觀跡象為依據(jù)，意思是“似乎、好象、看起來”；the baby seems to be

3、happy.嬰兒看上去似乎很興奮；he seemed to be sorry for that. 他似乎為那件事感到愧疚；seem 能與 to do 結(jié)構(gòu)連用，而look 不能；it seems to rain.似乎要下雨了；they seemed to have finished their work. 他們似乎已經(jīng)完成了工作；在 it 作形式主語的句型中只能用seem；it seems that he is quite busy now. 他現(xiàn)在看起來很忙；it seems to us that there is nothing serious. 在我看來沒什么大不了的；(2) look

4、用作 “看起來；似乎”時，常從物體的外觀或樣貌上來判定，是以視覺所接受的印象為依據(jù)的；the room looks clean. 這間房看起來很潔凈；the girl looks like her mother. 那女孩看起來向她的媽媽；二、語法定語從句（一）、定義： 在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句；定語定語用來限定、修飾名詞或代詞的，是對名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語（動詞不定式短語、動名詞短語和分詞短語）或句子，漢語中常用的表示；主要由形容詞擔任，此外，名詞，代詞，數(shù)詞，分詞，副詞，不定式以及介詞短語也可以來擔任，也可以由一個句子來擔任；單詞作定語時通常放在它所修飾

5、的詞之前，作前置定語；短語和從句作定語時就放在所修飾的詞之后，作后置定語；定語從句是指在一個句子中作定語的句子，定語從句要放在所修飾的詞后；如： 1 the man who lives next to us is a policeman.2 you must do everythingthat i do .上面兩句中的man 和 everything 是定語從句所修飾的詞，叫先行詞，定語從句放在先行詞的后面；引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞有關(guān)系代詞that, which, who 賓格 who,全部格 whose 和關(guān)系副詞where, when、why關(guān)系詞常有三個作用：1、引導(dǎo)定語從句2、代替先行詞3、

6、在定語從句中擔當一個成分（二）、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1. who 指人，在從句中做主語1the boys who are playing football are from class one. 2yesterday i helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom 指人，在定語從句中充當賓語，?？墒÷?；(1) mr. liu is the personwhom you talked about .留意：關(guān)系代詞whom 在口語和非正式語體中常用who 代替，可省略；3 the man who/whom you met just now is my f

7、riend.3. which 指物，在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略(1) football is a game which is liked by most boys. which在句子中做主語(2) this is the pen which he bought yesterday. which在句子中做賓語4. that 指人時，相當于who 或者 whom ；指物時，相當于which ；在賓語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略；(5) the people that/who come to visit the city are all here. 在句子中做主語(6) wh

8、ere is the man that/whom i saw this morning . 在句子中做賓語5. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語(1) he has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) i lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose 指物時，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來代替(3) the classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.=the classroom the door of which is broken wil

9、l soon be repaired. 5do you like the bookwhose color is yellow.=do you like the bookthe color of which is yellow.注： that用法(1) 不用 that 的情形(a) 在引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句時； 錯 the tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.(b) 介詞后不能用；we depend on the landfrom which we get our food.we depend on the landt

10、hat/which we get our food from.(2) 只能用that 作為定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的情形(a) 在 there be句型中，只用that ，不用which ；(b) 在不定代詞，如：anything, nothing, the one, all等作先行詞時，只用that ，不用which ；(c) 先行詞有the only, the very,the same,the last,just修飾時，只用that ；(d) 先行詞為序數(shù)詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級時，只用that, 不能用which ； .(e) 先行詞既有人，又有物時；(f) 先行詞指物，在主句中作表語時(g)

11、 為了防止重復(fù)(h) 先行詞是the way或 the reason 時， that 可作關(guān)系副詞，也可省略(i) 主句的主語是疑問詞who /which時舉例：is this the bookthat you borrowed in the library.這是你在圖書館借的那本書嗎？who that break the windowshould be punished誰打碎了窗戶都要受到懲處allthat is neededis a supply of oil.所需的只是供油問題；finally, the thief handed everythingthat he had stolen

12、to the police.那賊最終把偷的全部東西交給了警察；（三）、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞：在句中作狀語關(guān)系副詞= 介詞 + 關(guān)系代詞why=for whichwhere=in/ at/ on/ . which 介詞同先行詞搭配 when=during/ on/ in/ . which 介詞同先行詞搭配1. where 指地點 ，在定語從句中做地點狀語用來表示地點的定語從句；(1) shanghai is the city where i was born .(2) the house where i lived ten years ago has been pulled do

13、wn.2. when 引導(dǎo)定語從句表示時間 ；在定語從句中做時間狀語也可做連接詞用(1) i still remember the daywhen i first came to the school.(2) the time when we got together finally came.注 表示時間 “ time一" 詞的定語從句只用when 引導(dǎo)，有時不用任何關(guān)系代詞，當然也不用that 引導(dǎo)；by the time you arrived in london , we had stayed there for two weeks.到你到達倫敦的時候，我們在那里已經(jīng)待了兩個

14、星期；i still remember the first timei met her . 我仍舊記得我第一次見到她；each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towels, soap, toothbrush etc ；每一次他去出差，他帶來了生活必需品，如毛巾，肥皂，牙刷等，很多；3. why 指緣由在定語從句中做緣由狀語(1) please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.(2) i don t know the

15、 reason why he looks unhappy today.留意：關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句可以由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的從句替換(1) the reason why/ for which he refused the invitationis not clear,(2) from the year when/in which he was going to school, he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.注： 1）介詞后面的關(guān)系代詞不能省略；2） that 前不能有介詞；3） 某些在從句中充當時間，地點或緣由狀語的"

16、 介詞 +關(guān)系詞 " 結(jié)構(gòu)可以同關(guān)系副詞when ,where 和 why互換；this is the house in which i lived two years ago . this is the house where i lived two years ago .do you remember the day on which you joined our club . do you remember the day when you joined our club .this is the reason why he came late.this is the reas

17、on for which he came late.三、練習(xí)練習(xí)一（一）用關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞將以下每對句子連成一個復(fù)合句；1. the boy is my younger brother. he was here a minute ago.2. the old man is a professor. he teaches chemistry in a college.3. beijing hotel is near tian an men square. the foreign visitors live there.4. the woman is here now. you were tal

18、king about her.5. this is the hall. we listened to the report in it the other day.6. the car was going 90 miles an hour. the car just passed us.7. the man was my uncle. the man waved to us.8. i enjoyed reading the book. you gave me a book last week.9. i prefer the subject. the subject is science.10.

19、 i spoke to the man. the man is a professor.（二）用適當?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空1. the house we live in is very big.2. the boy is wearing the black jacket is very clever.3. this is the present he gave me for my birthday.4. the man talked to you just now is an engineer.5. he talked about the teachers and schools he ha

20、d visited.6. there is nothing in the world can frighten him.7. she wears a gold ring, is very uncommon in our class.8. we visited a factory makes toys for children.9. is this the place your father once lived.10. ill never forget the days i joined the elague.練習(xí)二一、單項填空1. -who is the man was talking to

21、 our english teacher.-oh. its mr baker, our maths teacher.a. heb. thatc. whomd. which2. i hate the people don t help others when they are in trouble.a. whob. whichc. theyd. where3. the foreigner visited our school is from canada.a. whichb. whenc. whod. whomhim.4. george mallory was an english school

22、 teacher loved climbing.a. whob. whomc. hed. which5. this is the place i have ever visited.a. thereb. whenc. whered. which6. nobody knows the reason she didnt come to the meeting.a. thatb. whichc. whyd. when7. the moon is a world there is no life.a. thatb. whichc. whered. why8. he has forgotten the

23、day he arrived.a. whenb. wherec. thatd. which9. he still remembers the days he spent with your family.a. whenb. wherec. thatd. on which10. mr. white, car had been stolen, came to the policeman.a. whob. thatc. whosed. which11. he got to the village his family once lived before liberation.a. thatb. wh

24、ichc. whend. where12. this is the house i want to buy.a. in whichb. thatc. whosed. where13. this is the house our beloved premier zhou once lived and worked.a. whichb. thatc. whend. where14. he didnt tell me the place he was born.a. thatb. whichc. whend. where15. he lived in a small village, was a l

25、ong way from the railway station.a. thatb. whichc. whered. when16. i work in a business almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.a. howb. whichc. whered. that17. helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, , of course, made the others envya. whob. thatc. whatd. which18. americ

26、an women usually identify their best friend as someone they can talk frequently.a. whob. asc. about whichd. with whom19. the film brought the hours back to me i was taken good care of in that far-away village.a. untilb. thatc. whend. where20. the famous scientist grew up he was born and in 1930 he c

27、ame to shanghai.a. whenb. wheneverc. whered. wherever21. a story goeselizabeth i of england likednothing more than being surrounded by clever andqualified noblemen at court.a. whenb. wherec. whatd. that22. the parkers bought a new house but will need a lot of work before they canmove in.a. theyb. it

28、c. oned. which23. is this factory you worked at.a. the oneb. whichc. thatd. where24. is this the factory you worked.a. whereb. whichc. thatd. the one25. -does the teacher know everybody planted the trees.-yes, he does.a. whichb. whosec. whered. who26. the letter i received from him yesterday is very

29、 important.a. whob. wherec. whatd. that27. -where is the scientist gave us the talk yesterday.-he has gone back to qinghua university.a. whomb. whoc. whosed. which28. i hate people talk much but do little.a. whoseb. whomc. whichd. who29. do you know a boy sister is a nurse in a hospital.a. whob. tha

30、tc. whomd. whose30. is there a shop near here we can buy vegetables and fruits.a. whichb. whenc. whod. where二、填入適當?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞完成以下句子1. the boys are playing football are from class one.2. those want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow.3. mr liu is the person you talked about on

31、 the bus.4. the professor you are waiting for has come.5. football is a game is liked by most boys.6. he likes to read books are written by foreign writers.7. this is the pen he bought yesterday.8. well go to hear the famous singer we have often talked.9. where is the man i saw this morning.10. the

32、season comes after spring is summer.11. i visited a scientist name is known all over the country.12. he has a friend father is a doctor.13. i once lived in the house roof has fallen in.14. i still remember the day i first came to this school.15. the time we got together finally arrived.16. shanghai

33、is the city i was born.17. the house i lived ten years ago has been pulled down.18. please tell me the reason you missed the plane.19. the reason he was punished is unknown to us.20. all the people are present burst into tears.21. there are about seven million people taking part in the election, mos

34、t of are well educated.22. he succeeded in the competition, made his parents very happy.23. the school he once studied is very famous.24. tomorrow ill bring here the magazine you asked.25. this is the boy i played tennis with yesterday.練習(xí)三1. the house we live is not big.a. in thatb. whichc. in which

35、d. that2. he talked about the lectures and schools he had visited.a. thatb. whichc. whod. whom3. the scientist the teacher is talking is leaving for beijing.a. to himb. whomc. tod. to that4. i who your teacher, will teach marxism as a truth to you.a. isb. arec. wered. am5. they could do was to work

36、hard.a. allb. all whatc. all whichd. that6. do you know the reason he didn t come.a. thatb. whichc. ford. why7. the room windows face south is his.a. thatb. whichc. whosed. who s8. the park, we visited yesterday, is very nice.a. whereb. whichc. thatd. when9. the park, we met with him, is very nice.a

37、. whereb. whichc. thatd. when10. the first time i saw her was in 1989.a. whenb. whichc. thatd. as11. pay attention to all i do.a. whichb. in whichc. whatd. that12. i ve read all the books you gave me.a. whichb. themc. whatd. that13. is there anything i can do for you.a. whatb. whichc. thatd. it14. t

38、he woman child had fallen ill was a doctor.a. whob. herc. whosed. /15. the pen i m using is hers.a. which; itb. that; itc. it; /d. /16. i have the same trouble you have.a. thatb. whichc. asd. what17. it s the very book i want to find.a. whichb. thatc. itd. so18. he is the only one of the boys who en

39、glish for four years.a. has learntb. have learntc. learnd. learning19. this is one of the books worth reading.a. that isb. which arec. it wasd. they are been20. this is the best film been shown this year.a. which hasb. which havec. that hasd. that have21. this is the largest clock in the world, the

40、minute have is six minutes long.a. whereb. of whichc. thatd. of that22. can you tell me the reason you didn t come for yesterday.a. whyb. howc. whichd. what23. do you still remember the day we spent together last month.a. thatb. in whichc. whend. where24. oct. 1, 1949 was the day the new china was f

41、ounded.a. thatb. in whichc. whend. where25. which/who of them knows something about english doesn t know this word.a. whichb. whoc. thatd. as26. we all know, he is a good man.a. whichb. whoc. thatd. as27. i ve never seen such a lazy boy you are.a. whichb. whoc. thatd. as28. there were many great lea

42、ders in the history abraham lincoln was the greatest one.a. in whichb. in whomc. of whichd. of whom29. i bought a new dictionary, is very beautiful.a. whose the coverb. of which coverc. the cover of whichd. which cover30. they have planted many trees, one third of are pine trees.a. themb. whosec. wh

43、ichd. that31. that is my office, face the south.a. it s windowsb. the windowsc. the windows of itd. the windows of which32. he s given us a lot of information, is valuable.a. little of itb. little of whichc. a littled. much of them33. he has two sons, is a collage student.a. whob. both of whomc. nei

44、ther of whomd. neither34. there are forty-five students in our class, is only fifteen.a. the youngest of whomb. the oldest of themc. one of themd. the tallest35. he has published two books, i ve completely forgotten.a. their namesb. the names of whichc. the names of themd. what names of which36. he

45、has several friends, the most devoted is henry.a. friendb. one of themc. of themd. of whom37. five men stole into the gate, was lame in the right leg.a. the secondb. the third of whomc. one of themd. among them38. this is the very school i wanted to visit.a. whereb. thatc. whichd. in which39. is the

46、 school you are going to work.a. whereb. thatc. whichd. there40. is this you want.a. whichb. the onec. thatd. the one what41. shanghai, i have visited twice, has a large population.a. whereb. whichc. whatd. that42. my youngest sister, is forty years old, has got a life professorship in a university.

47、a. whichb. whomc. whod. that43. the students didn t like the way she was dressed. a./b. whichc. whatd. how44. theres no way you could stop others talking about you unless you dont spare yourself 嚴格要求自己.a. forb. thatc. whered. of which45. i am determined to learn my subjects in the way you have done.

48、a. in whichb. by whatc. whatd. where46. he used to do things in a way did no harm to anybody.a. /b. whatc. in whichd. that47. i ll do to help you.a. all i canb. all what i canc. all those i managed. all which i can48. all want to buy the book, put down your names here.a. whob. these thatc. those who

49、d. ones49. this is the third time you re late for school.a. in whichb. thatc. whichd. on which50. he arrived yesterday, was just what we expected.a. whatb. whoc. thatd. which51. einstein taught at princeton, there was a famous research institute.a. thatb. wherec. whichd. because of52. that is the re

50、ason he came to see you.a. whenb. thatc. whichd. for which53. she is one of the few persons spanish in our school.a. who knowsb. who knowc. which speakd. that speaks54. he is the only one of the teachers spanish in our school.a. who teachesb. who teachc. which teachesd. that teach55. you are the onl

51、y one advice he might listen to.a. whob. thatc. whosed. whatever56. here is so big a stone no man can lift.a. asb. whichc. whod. that57. he seems a foreigner, in fact it is.a. whichb. asc. thatd. and58. who has common sense will do such a thing.a. whichb. whoc. whomd. that59. is this the museum some

52、 german friends visited last wednesday.a. thatb. wherec. in whichd. the one60. is this museum you visited the other day.a. thatb. wherec. in whichd. the one61. how do you like the book.it s quite different from i read last month.a. thatb. whichc. the oned. the one what62. which sentence is wrong.a.

53、the finger i dipped into the cup was not the one i put it into my mouth.b. do you know the boy who jumped onto the platform.c. science and new technology have made it possible for farmers to produce more food on the same amount of land.d. people in ancient times took it for granted that the sun moved round the earth.63. antarctic we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.a. whichb. wherec. thatd. about which64. each time they